TRINH VINH HIEN - Quy trinh san xudt tdng khodng liem ...
QUY TRINH SAN XUAT TANG KHOANG LIEM CHO DONG VAT NHAI LAI
Trjnh Vinh H'lin ', Nguyin Thj Phung ^ vd Dao Dire Kiin'
Cong ty Tu- van v^ dau tu- phat trien ch§n nuoi,
Bp mon Dinh du5ng TA ch3n nuoi v^ dong co - Vien Chan nuoi Thuy Phuong - Tir Liem - Ha Npi
*Tac gia lien he : Trjnh Vinh Hien
Tel: (04).7.522.556 / 0903.296.510; Fax: (04) 7.522.556; Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Study on production process of lick block for ruminants
Ruminant raising industry in Vietnam has rapidly developed over the past years with a view towards an industrially concentrated method of raising, particularly in dairy and beef raising. It has now become important how to provide ruminants with supplementing macro- and micro-minerals in accordance with their habits and characteristics. The method of using lick blocks for free use by ruminants according to their individual need proves to be effective, easy to use and helps to reduce labour cost. Moreover, lick blocks are widely used in countries with industrial animal husbandry. The aim of the study was to formulate the production process of lick blocks by the method of using hydraulic press, chemical reactions leading to the hardening of materials and water-resistant emulsified substances. Based on the above mentioned methods the study has created the equipment and developed the production process for lick blocks. The product of lick blocks was tested on several ruminants such as dairy, beef, goats and sheep. The result has shown increased feed intake by ruminants, improved productivity and potential economic effectiveness.
Keywords: lick blocks ; micro-minerals
DAT VAN DE
Cac nha chan nudi gia siic ndi chung va chan nudi ddng vat nhai lai ndi rieng ludn mong mudn va cd gang de dat dugc hieu qua va nang suat tdt nhat tir ddng vat, Tuy nhien, dieu dd chi cd the dat dugc neu ddng vat d trong trang thai ly tudng. Mdt yeu td quan trgng trong chan nudi gia sue nhai lai la dam bao dugc cho ddng vat lugng khoang da-vi lugng can thiet. Cac kdt qua nghien cim (Kaniski, 1985) cho thay ham lugng cac nguyen td khoang trong cay thirc an cd su dao ddng rat Idn. Trong cay thirc an cac nguyen td khoang thay ddi tir nam nay qua nam khac va tir miia nay sang mua khac. Cac nguyen td khoang nay ciing thudng nam trong cac ciu tnic lien ket boa hgc khac nhau, cd the d dang cau tnic rat ben viing nhu dang lien ket ciia cac nguyen td khoang vdd axit phytic ma ddng vat khdng the sir dung dugc (Henik, 1976;
Bogdanov, 1990). Da sd tac gia cho rang cac nguyen td khoang trong cay thirc an chi dugc hip thu tir 5-20%) (Kalimullin,1990; Pokatilova,1990). Nhu vay, khd cd thd xac djnh dugc chinh xac ham lugng khoang hihi dung cd trong thirc an.
Moi con vat cin mdt lugng khoang nhat djnh, phu thudc vao nhieu yeu td: khdi lugng co the, giai doan phat tridn, thdd ki sinh san, giai doan cho sira, san lugng sura, nudi eon va kha nang sinh san. Didu dd cd nghTa la mac dii ddng vat an cimg lugng thiic an nhu nhau nhung mdi con rieng biet lai can lugng khoang khac nhau (Kaniski, 1985).
Neu ddng vat d trang thai thidu khoang, chiing se cd nhu cau tu nhien ve khoang. Khi sir dung tang khoang lidm cho ddng vat nhai lai, ddng vat tu xac dinh va dimg lugng khoang ma co the chiing cin. Kha nang diing qua lieu khi sir dung tang khoang liem cung khdng the xay ra.
Ngoai ra, tang khoang liem cdn rat de sir dung.
VIEN CHAN NUOI - Tgp chi Khoa hgc Cdng nghi Chdn nudi - So 13-Thang 8-2006
Can cir vao thdi quen liem va nhai lai ciia ddng vat nhai lai, phuang thiic chan nudi ngay cang cd quy md ldn va dac diem thiic an cua chung chu yeu la thiic an thuc vat thd, xanh nen khdng phai luc nao ciing cd the bd sung true tiep khoang hay cac phu gia khac d dang bdt ma chii yeu sir dung dudi hinh thiic tang khoang de liem. Xuat phat tir ly do tren chiing tdi tien hanh nghien cuu de tai ''Nghien cicu xay dimg quy trinh sdn xudt tdng khodng liem cho dong vat nhai lgi". Nham, xay dung quy trinh san xuat tang khoang liem cho ddng vat nhai lai.
VAT LIEU VA PHU'ONG PHAP NGHIEN ClTU Vat lieu, thoi gian va dja diem nghien ciru
Vat lieu nghien cuu: Tang khoang liem cho cac ddi tugng ddng vat nhai lai (bd sila, bd thit, de va cim) dugc san xuat tir khoang tu nhien Bentonite kiem la nguyen lieu dugc khai thac tai Thanh Hda, khoang vd co va khoang hiiu co dugc san xuat tai Bd mdn Dinh dudng va thiic an Vien Chan nudi, mudi an, D.C.P, H2SO4 va nhii tuong mua tai Viet Nam. , , , Thffi gian nghien ciru: De tai thuc hien thang 6/2003 den thang 12/2004 -'.• '^ 'j Dia diem nghien ciru: Vien Chan nudi, Dai hgc Bach khoa Ha Ndi va Cdng ty CP Ndng san Thanh Hda
Noi dung nghien cuu ' • - i.' Nghien cim xac dinh tinh chat va thanh phan ciia tang khoang liem - * ''•'*
Xay dung quy trinh san xuat tang khoang liem tir khoang tu nhien va khoang hiiu co Phuo'ng phap nghien ciiu
Cac chi tieu theo ddi tinh chat vat ly va cac thdng sd ky thuat: tinh chat cua san pham khoang liem dua tren tinh chat do dugc cua san pham nhap khau tir Anh Qudc va thuc tien nhu cau ciia ngudi tieu diing trong nude.
Xac djnh thanh phan, tinh chat cac nguyen lieu cau thanh trong san pham '•''*
Xac dinh bang each dura vao nhu cau khoang cua timg ddi tugng gia siic nudi ket hgp vdd phucmg thiic chan nudi d trong nude va cac san pham cimg loai cua nude ngoai va tren co sd chan nudi thuc nghiem. '• . ; ... :.-JJ Do dp cung (Rockwell) san pham do bang thiet bi do do ciing chuyen diing (ROCKWELL HARDNESS TESTER 500 MRATM) tai Khoa co khi, DH Bach Khoa Ha Ndi. ... _ i,,, Do luc chiu nen (N/cm^) ciia san pham dugc do bang thiet bi do lire chiu nen da nang hieu Instron san xuat tai My. San pham dugc do tren nguyen ly dat san pham len thiet bi cd 3 diem chiu lire (trong dd 2 diem d phia dudd hai ben va d tren cd mdt diem d giiia) tai Khoa Co khi, Dai hgc Bach Khoa Ha Ndi. Ngoai ra cd the diing may nen tang khoang liem cho den khi dat mirc can thiet (khi tang khoang bi vo ra) thi don vi do la Tin/cm^
Do tan: dugc tinh bang ty le hoa tan cua san pham trong nude.
Chdt khong chdy (tro thd) dugc do bang lugng cdn lai sau khi nung d nhiet do 450°C voi thdd gian 8 tieng hoac den khdi lugng khdng ddi.
TRINH VfNH HIEN - Quy trinh sdn xudt lang khodng liim ...
Cac chi so ky thuat
Ve tinh chat vat ly, khich thudc cua san pham va yeu cau cdng suit cua thidt bi ep tang khoang liem cho cac chuyen gia co khi chd tao may dd thiet kd va che tao thidt bi. Sau khi thiet bi dugc che tao se nghien ciiu san xuit tao ra san phim bing thuc td tren thidt bi, va nghien cim cho ra san pham dua tren quy md chan nudi theo dinh hudng cua ngudi tieu diing va tien dung trong sir dung.
Kiem tra chat lugng san pham
Bang cac thi nghiem phan Id so sanh cho cac loai tang khoang liem cd thanh phan khac nhau tren gia siic nhai lai.
KET QUA VA THAO LUAN
Xac djnh tinh chat va thanh phan ciia tang khoang liem nhap khau
Tinh chdt tdng liem: De xac dinh tinh chat va thanh phan ciia tang khoang liem se dugc san xuat, chiing tdi dua vao cac yeu td nhu khao sat cac san pham ddng loai hien cd d Viet Nam va tren the gidi. Sau khi khao sat chiing tdi thay hien tai tren thi trudng cd nhieu loai va dugc san xuat chii yeu d nude ngoai. Chiing tdi phan loai thanh 2 dang sau:
Loai thir nhdt: la tang liem cd chiia protein, thanh phan chii yeu la protein thd, dudng mat, thiic an ngii cdc va hdn hgp khoang.
Loai thir hai: la tang khoang chat, thanh phan chu yeu la mudi an, can xi, hdn hgp khoang, loai thir hai chua dugc san xuat trong nude va chi cd san pham ddng loai nhu loai thir nhat va ggi la banh dinh dudng ciia tac gia (Biii Van Chinh, 1994). Hien tai trong nude chi cd san pham nhap khau ciia Cdng ty Rubi do nhu cau phat trien chan nudi dai gia sue, dac biet la phong trao chan nudi bd sira dang dugc phat trien manh. Chung tdi lay san pham nhap khau tir Anh cua Cdng ty Rubi lam ddi tugng tiep can de san xuat san pham ciia minh. San pham nhap khau cd hinh try vudng, hoi cdn, cd chieu cao 18,5cm, rgng 19cm, tam cd Id hinh cdn, dudng kinh mat tren 2,7cm, mat dudd 3cm. San pham cd trgng lugng 10kg va mau dd hoi tim. Do hod tan cua san pham sau khi can 1 Og san pham hoa tan hoan toan vao nude cat, phan cdn lai dugc say khd den khdi lugng khdng ddi cdn 19- 21%. Do am la 14,2 -13,5%.
Thdnh phdn hda hoc tdng liem
Bang 1: Thanh phan hoa hgc va tinh chat vat ly cua san pham nhap khau
Thanh phan Na
Ca Mg P Fe
Thanh phan Ham lugng
2 0 % 8,5 % 0,5 % 1 0 % 0,3 %
hoa hgc (theo bao bi) Thanh phan
Mn Co I Se Ash
Ham lugng 2500 mg/kg 50 mg/kg 300 mg/kg
10 mg/kg 8 6 % Tinh chat vat ly (do tai DH Bach khoa)
Do cimg (Rockwell) Lire chiu nen (N/cm' -MPa)
72-78 1246--1274
VIEN C H A N NUOI - Tgp chi Khoa hgc Cdng nghe Chdn nudi - S6 13-Thang 8-2006
Xdc dinh thdnh phdn cua tdng khodng liem se sdn xuat
Tang khoang liem la thiic an bd simg dang vien dugc san xuat theo phuong thiic phdi trgn dinh duong khoang can ciir theo dac diem, thdi quen liem va nhai lai ciia ddng vat nhai lai.
Thirc an nay can cd cac uu diem nhu: tinh can bang dinh dudng khoang, phai phii hgp vdd khau vi cua gia siic, cd do ket dinh cao, thuan tien cho van chuyen, cat giur, cho an thuan tien.
Sir dung de dang, giam nhan cdng lao ddng cho trang trai va tranh dugc su ngd ddc khoang ddi vdi gia siic.Mdt trong nhirng phuang phap dieu che chat bd sung TA dang ciing (khoang liem) sir dung phan iing (in-situ) giira dxit kim loai kiem hoac kiem thd cd kha nang hydrat hoa vdi dung dich phdt phat hoa tan tao chat ket ddng (floculant) cd kha nang lam ddng dac chat bd sung. Thanh phan tang liem rieng cho timg loai gia siic chiing tdi du kien nhu sau
Bang 2: Thanh phan tang khoang liem cho bd sura
Nguyen lieu • Loai 1 Loai 2 Loai 3 NaCI (g)
Bentonite- Kiem (g) D.C.P (g)
Methionine-Fe (g) Methionine-Zn (g) Methionine-Mn (g) Methionine-Cu (g) Methionine-Co (g) Lyzine - 1 (g) NaSeOj - 2% (g) H3PO4-10%(g) Nhu tuong (g) Mau (g) Tdng
26,0 21,2 44,5 1,0 1,2 2,0 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,7 3,0 0,5 0,15 100,65
36,0 21,2 35,0 1,0 1,0 2,0 0,3 0,08 0,02 0,3 3,5 0,6 0,15 101,15
26,0 21,6 45,3 0 1,1 . . 2,3
0,25 , 0,08
0,1 0,1 4,0
•' 0,7 0,15 101,68 Bang 3: Thanh phan tang khoang liem cho bd nudi thit
Nguyen lieu Loai 1 Loai 2 Loai 3 NaCl (g)
Bentonite- Kiem (g) D.C.P (g)
Methionine-Fe (g) Methionine-Zn (g) Methionine-Mn (g) Methionine-Cu (g) Methionine-Co (g) Lyzine -1 (g) NaSeOj - 2% (g) H3PO4-10%(g) Nhu tuong (g) Mau (g) Tdng
28,0 19,1 45,5 1,3 1,1 1,7 0,25
0,1 0,02
0,4 3,0 0,5 0,15 101,12
26,5
22,6 , , 43,0
1,0 - 1,6 2,0 0,21
0,1 0,04
0,2 .
'33-^'-^
0,6 0,15 101,5
35,5 . 21,1
34,0 1,3 1,1 2,3 0,25
0,2 0,4 _ 0,7
4,0 ' 0,7
0,15 101,7
(X'H
TRINH VINH HIEN - Quy trinh sdn xudt Idng khodng liem ...
Bang 4: Thanh phan tang khoang liem cho de, cim Nguyen lieu
NaCl (g)
Bentonite- Kiem (g) D.C.P (g)
Methionine-Fe (g) Methionine-Zn (g) Methionine-Mn (g) Methionine-Cu (g) Methionine-Co (g) Lyzine -1 (g) NaSe03 - 2% (g) H3PO4-10%(g) Nhii tuong (g) Mau (g) Tdng
Loai 1 26,0 31,2 35,0 0,8 1,3 2,0 0,2 0,1 0,02 0,3 3,0 0,5 0,15
100,57
Loai 2 30,6 21,7 40,0 0,5
1,2 2,3 0,06 0,08 0,06 0,4 3,5 0,6 0,15
101,15
Loai 3 27,2 21,2 44,0 0,5
1,1 2,0 0,0 0,08 0,08 0,5 4,0 0,7 0,15 101,51
Trong thanh phan san pham khoang Hem, chiing tdi diing Bentonite kiem, trong dd cd chira cac chat Na20, K2O, MgO, CaO ...va H2PO4 de tham gia vao phan iing tao sir ddng ket. Chat nhu tuong dugc dieu che tir tinh bdt va dau md an, chat nay cd tinh khang nude nen dugc diing de lam tang tinh khang nude ciia san pham. Do vay, loai san pham nay cd the sir dimg d bai chan tha va cho an tir do theo nhu cau tu chgn ciia vat nudi.
Ngoai ra, bentonite cdn cd kha nang dn dinh san pham, can bang do am va cd djnh cac thanh phan trong san pham do tinh chat hap phu va kha nang trao ddi ion ciia chiing. Mau ciia san pham dugc sir dung thir nghiem bang hai loai la mau thuc pham va oxit sat. Can cir vao nhu cau khoang ciia timg ddi tugng gia sue nhai lai (theo tai lieu ciia nude ngoai), can ciir vao gidng va phuong thirc chan nudi tai Viet Nam chiing tdi de xuat phuong an san pham se san xuat cd cac thanh phan hoa hgc trong cac (Bang 2,3,4)
Cac thong so yeu cau ciia thiet bi
Sau khi ciing cac chuyen gia co khi che tao may cua Trudng Dai hgc Bach khoa Ha ndi thir nghiem ep thir vdi thanh phan cac nguyen lieu neu tren, chiing tdi thdng nhat dua ra yeu cau thiet bi cd cac thdng sd nhu sau: Phan thuy lure cd lure ep dugc tdi da 100 tan va cd ddng hd do luc.Khudn tao san pham cd 3 loai (trong dd 2 khudn san xuat dugc loai 10 kg/san pham cd dang tru vudng va trdn, 1 khudn cd hinh tru san xuat loai 5 kg. San pham tao ra ed Id d tam san phim. Nang suit may 3-5 phiit/san pham; He thdng dieu khien bang dien cho timg thiet bj. Hanh trinh ciia xi lanh 250cm/30 giay; Van hanh 3-4 ngudd/ca san xuat.
Cong nghe va ky thuat san xuat
Cong nghe: Can cir theo ky thuat tien tien tren the gidi va ket hgp vdd tinh hinh trong nude, chiing tdi da tien hanh nghien cim ve cdng nghe san xuat va qua qua trinh san xuat thuc te tren thiet bj da dugc tao ra chiing tdi dua ra cdng nghe san xuat co So ddi. San pham dugc san suit cd 3 loai nhu sau: Loai hinh tru vudng, hoi cdn, cd chieu cao 17,5cm; rgng 19cm; tam cd lo hinh cdn, dudng kinh Id mat tren 2,7cm; mat dudd 3cm. San pham cd trgng lugng 10 kg va mau hdng dd. Loai hinh try trdn, hoi cdn, cd chieu cao 17,5cm; dudng kinh 15,5cm; tam cd Id
VIEN CHAN NUOI - Tgp chi Khoa hgc Cdng nghe Chdn nudi - S6 13-Thang 8-2006
hinh cdn dudng kinh lo mat tren 2,7cm; mat dudd 3cm. San phim cd trgng lugng 10 kg va mau hong dd.Loai hinh try trdn, hoi cdn, cd chieu cao 16,5cm; dudng kinh 10,5cm; tam cd lo hinh cdn, dudng kinh Id mat tren 2,7cm; mat dudd 3cm. San phim cd Trgng lugng 5kg va mau hdng dd.
So dd 1: cdng nghe san xuat tang khoang liem
] Mguyen lieu nghien min
Bao quan san pham
w
^
Phdi lieu. Can dinh lugng
Ddng gdi san pham ^ ^
^
w
Trdn deu va gia nhiet
Lam Cling san pham
M
— • Ep thuy luc va tao khudn
V
Thao khudn va lam ngudi san
/.
Bang 5: Tinh chat vat ly cua san pham Ui^M Tinh chat vat ly
Do cimg (Rockwell) Luc chiu nen (N/cm'^ -MPa) Chit khdng tan (%)
Chit khdng chay (%) Do im (%)
67-71 1179-1225
21-23 76.5-79.5
16.5-14 Cong doan san xuat va yeu cau thiet bj
Toan bd qua trinh san xuat do cac budc sau td hgp thanh va cd cac thiet bi, nha xudng tuong
ling theo yeu cau. i Nguyen lieu: Nguyen lieu bao gdm tat ca cac nguyen lieu chiing tdi da neu d phan tren. Cd
mdt kho chira nguyen lieu, dien tich cd the chiia dugc lugng nguyen lieu it nhat cho mdt tuan .san xuat va dam bao dugc khd rao, nguyen lieu dugc tach va de rieng timg loai trong kho.
Cdng doan nghien: Nhirng nguyen lieu to, thd phai tien hanh nghien. Trong cdng doan nay cd thd thidt kd de cd hai loai may nghien, may nghien dang biia de nghien ngii cdc, khd dau...
(neu san xuat loai dang banh dinh dudng) va may nghien de nghien khoang chat. Thdng thudng nguyen lieu sau khi nghien phai Igt qua sang phan tich 8 Id. , , i
Phoi lieu vd dinh luffng: Nguyen lieu da nghien dugc dua vao cac xild chiia nguyen lieu de san suit. Trong qua trinh san xuat nguyen lieu dugc dua vao may trgn tir xild phdi lieu qua can phdi lieu (neu phdi lieu tu dgng) hoac cd the can true tiep vao may trgn timg loai nguyen lieu (ndu phdi lieu thu cdng). Trong qua trinh phdi lieu can chii y den trinh tu cua timg loai nguyen lieu dua vao may trdn de tranh mgt sd phan iing hoa hgc co the xay ra, cac phan irng hoa hgc nay cd thd lam thay ddi ban chat cua san pham. Do chinh xac phdi lieu < 0.2% F.S.
Cong doan trgn: Trdn la cdng doan trdn deu cac thanh phan nguyen lieu theo cdng thiic va theo trinh tu cac nguyen lieu dua vao may trdn. May trdn phai dam bao nguyeii lieu vao thuan tien, do chiu tai Idn, luc trgn manh, thoat lieu sach, de dang ve sinh, do trdn deu < 5%. Trong qua trinh trdn nguyen lieu budc gia nhiet rit quan trgng va dugc lam trudc, su gia nhiet nay
'-'* TRjNH VINH HIEN - Quy trinh sdnxudt tdng khodng liim ...
tao tir phan iing hoa hgc giiia khoang tu nhien cd chira Na20, K2O, MgO, CaO ...va H2PO4.
Sau phan img nhiet do giir d khoang 50-60°C, sau dd tiep tye tien hanh trdn cho cac nguyen lieu cdn lai. Thdi gian trdn tiep theo phai dat 5-6 phiit vdd tdc do vdng quay cua may trdn 60- 70 vdng/phiit.
Cong doan ep: la cdng doan quan trgng thir hai sau cdng doan trdn va gia nhiet ciia qua trinh san xuat. Cdng doan nay lien quan den chat lugng va san lugng thanh pham, dugc ep bang may ep thuy luc thanh hinh. Hinh ben ngoai ciia san pham dugc thay ddi theo khudn va do cimg ciia san pham dugc thay ddi theo luc ep va qua trinh tao phan img giira dxit ciia kim loai kiem va H2PO4.
Ldm cimg vd nguoi sdn pham: De dam bao chat lugng san pham, trudc khi xuat xudng pha' tien hanh lam cimg san pham. San pham mdi san xuat cdn ndng cd nhiet do 55-60 °C nen pha lam ngudi san pham trudc khi ddng gdi. Thdi gian ngudi san pham keo dai khoang 4-5 tieng.
mac dii san pham da ngudi nhung de tang do cimg ciia san pham can phai tiep tyc keo dai thdn gian de ngoai. Thdi gian nay thay ddi theo miia (miia he 24-36 tieng va miia ddng 18-24 tieng). Thanh pham phai dugc cat giir theo timg loai hoac theo sd tren gia chuyen dyng, khdng de qua 5 vien de tranh lam hdng san pham.
Ddng gdi: San pham can dugc ddng gdi de bao quan lau dai, thanh phan khoang khdng bj thay ddi va bi tdn that. Cd the ddng gdi trong tui ni Idng kin va hop cac tdng, ben ngoai hoac dugc bao ve bang lap ni Idng theo cdng nghe ddng gdi mang co.
Hilt bui: Byi chii ydu sinh ra d qua trinh nghien, dac biet la liic nghien khoang chat. Vi vay phai phan each cdng doan nghien nguyen lieu vdi khu vuc san xuat chinh. Tren may nghien can cd he thdng hiit bui de dam bao cho khdng gian san xuat dugc sach, khdng d nhiem.
Dieu khien dien: Toan bd day chuyen cd mdt he thdng dieu khien tap trung va mdt he thdng didu khidn cho mdi thiet bj. Ddi vdi day chuyen san xuat dang don gian cd the luge bd di gian dieu kliidn san xuit trung tam, chi lua chgn cho mdi may don cd he thdng dieu khien rieng.
Mot so ket qua thu nghiem san pham khoang liem tren gia sue nhai lai
San phim tang khoang liem cho gia siic nhai lai dugc san xuat tren thiet bj tu che tao va cd gia ban ddn ngudi tieu diing thip ban san pham nhap khau 40-50% (vao thdi diem hien tai san phim nhap khiu ciia nude ngoai cd gia ban tir 16 ngan ddng den 21 ngan ddng/kg cdn san phim ciia de tai cd gia ban tir 8 den 12 ngan ddng/kg gia trong nam 2003-2004). Tuy nhien cin phai cd su so sanli vd hieu qua kinh te va gia tri sir dyng so vdi cac san pham nhap khau.
San phim tang khoang lidm dugc thir nghiem tren gia siic nhai lai cho mdt sd ket qua nhu sau:
Nguyen Van Hai va cs, (2006) da lam thi nghiem tren 36 bd siia vdd thdi gian thi nghiem 180 ngay cua cho thiy gia siic sir dyng tang khoang liem da tang cudng trao ddi chat, tang lugng thirc an an vao len 8-11,8%; nang suat sira tang tren 9 % so vdi ddi chimg, trong dd ham lugng chit beo va protein sira ciing dugc tang theo. Ngoai ra sir dyng tang khoang liem cdn tang dugc trgng lugng be so sinh va giam ty le sdt nhau .
Vu Chi Cuong va cs, (2005) lam thi nghiem tren bd md Id dd va bd nudi thit thay ket qua thi nghiem tren 4 bd md lo dd cho thiy ty le phan giai vat chit khd ciia bdng gdng (sir dung trong nghien ciru) d cac Id sir dyng khoang lidm cao hon ban (P>0,05) so vdi Id khdng sir dyng khoang lidm, pH dn dinh va he vi sinh vat phat trien tdt ban. Thi nghiem tren 32 bd nudi thit cho ket qua tang trgng ciia cac Id sir dyng khoang liem cao hon Id ddi chimg tren 15 %, lugng chit khd an vao tang 6-11 % va tang hieu qua sir dyng thirc an.
VIEN CHAN NUOI - Tgp chi Khoa hgc Cdng nghi Chdn nudi - S6 13-Thang 8-2006
KET LUAN VA DE NGHI ^^
Ket luan
Vdi dieu kien d Viet Nam chung ta da cd the san xuat dugc tang khoang liem cho gia siic nhai lai cho ket qua thir nghiem tren bd siia tang ca ve nang xuat va chat lugng trong dd san lugng sira tren 9%, tren bd nudi lay thit tang 15% va kha nang an vao cua ddng vat nhai lai tren 6%.
Giam dugc ty sdt nhau, cac benh ve thieu khoang cua ddng vat nhai lai sinh san.
San xuat dugc tang khoang liem tir cac nguyen lieu san cd va thiet bi san xuat trong nude da ha dugc gia thanh san xuat khoang 40% so vdd hang nhap khau.
De nghj ' De nghi quy trinh dugc ap dung tren quy md san xuat thir nghiem de cd ket qua thuc tien
nhieu hon nham myc tieu ap dyng vao thuc tien san xuat
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
Bogdanov G.A (1990). Dinh duong dong vat nong nghiep, Maxcova, 1990, tr. 622
Biii van Chinh (1994). Cong trinh nghien cim khoa hoc ky thuat chSn nuoi 1991-1992. Nha xuSt ban Nong Nghiep, Hanoi 1994
Dmitrochenko A.P (2000). Ky thuat siir dung tang khoang liem cho gia sue nhai lai http://www.prok.ru/prep 7.shtml. -' Henik A. (1976). Khoang chat, vitamin, chat kich thich sinh hpc trong dinh du&ng dong vat nong nghiep,
M.Koloc, 1976. Tr. 559.
http://www.eurosalt.narod.ru/tovar.html, (2004). Muoi dung cho dpng vat
http://www.fadr.mus.ru/rin/vestnic, (2004). Khoang chat trong dinh du&ng dpng vat. Maxcova
Kalimullin .1 (1990). Phirc hpp chelate kich thich sure san xuat cua dai gia siic. Kazan. . i.
Kaniski B.D (1985). Khoang chat trong dinh du&ng ciia dpng vat, Leningrat, tr. 251.
Nguyen Van Hai, Trinh Vinh Hien va Le Thj Hong Thao (2006). Nghien cim anh hucmg cua viec bo sung tang liem den nSng suat va chat lupng sua cr bo sua nuoi trong dieu kien trang trai. Bao cao khoa hpc nSm 2005. Vien Chan nuoi. Tr. 26-35. Ha Npi, thang 8/2006.
Pokatilova G.A. (1990). Con duong nang cao nang suat cua cim va de, Maxcova http://www.agro.ru/nauka/animal/kozovosttvo/literature.htm
Vu Chi Cucmg, Pham Kim Cuong, Nguyen Thanh Chung, Pham Hiing Cuong, Nguyen Thi^n Tru&ng Giang va Luu Thi Thi (2005). Anh huong c^c mirc loi ngo trong khau phan c6 ham luprng ri mat cho cao den ty le phan giai chat kho insacco bong gon, moi truong da co va nang suat bo lai sind vo b^o. Bao cio khoa hoc nam 2004. Vien Chan nuoi. Tr. 132-133 (Ha Npi - thang 6/2005).
^Ngufri phan bi^n: TS. Tran Quoc Viet; Ths.Tang Xuan Luu.
