REN LUYEN KY NANG SC DyNG TAI LIEU HOC TAP - GLii PHAP NANG CAO NANG LlTC TU HOC CHO SINH VIEN
THEO HOC CHE TEV CHI
Tran Thi Mai Hinmg Truemg Bgi hpc Hd Tinh Email: [email protected] Ngdy nbdn bdi (received): 26/12/2017
Ngdy nhdn bdi sua (revised): 04/5/2018 Ngdy nhdn ddng: 25/5/2018
Tomtit
Tu hgc cua sinh vien giu vai ttd rat quan ttgng, nd la nhan td true tiep nang cao chit lugng dao tao d cac trudng dai hgc. Mdt trong nhiing cdng cu khdng the thieu de phuc vu cho qua trinh tu hgc cua sinh vien dd la tai lieu hgc tap. Tuy nhien, su dung tai heu hgc tap nhu the nao mdi dem lai hieu qua, nhat la nang cao nang luc tu hgc cho ngudi hgc. Bai viet nay, tac giA da phan tt'ch vai ttd cua tai Heu hgc tap cdng nhu van de tu hgc hien nay cua sinh vien. Tir dd, dd xuit mdt sd ky nang su dung tai lieu hgc tap gdp phan nang cao nang luc t\T hgc cho sinh vien ttong dao tao theo hgc che tin chi.
Tii* khda: Ky nang, tai Ueu hge tap, su dung tai heu hgc tap, tu hgc.
Practising using learning materials skills - A Solution fo improve self-study for students in the credit-based training.
Abstract
Self-study of students plays an important role in enhancing the quality of training in Universities. One ofthe indispensable tools to serve the process of self-study of students is learning materials. However, how to use learning materials effectively, especially advancing the capacity of self- study for learners. In this article, the author has analyzed the role ofthe learning materials as well as the problem of self-study's students now. From there, suggested some of using learning material skills, which contribute to improving the capacity of self-study for students in the training education according to credits.
Keywords: Skills, learning materials, using learning materials, self-study.
l . D a t v i n d e
Trong giai doan Men nay, khi cac ttudng Dai hgc, Cao ding da chuydn sang hmh thuc dao tao theo hgc chd tm chi thi boat ddng tu hgc cua sinh vien ngay cang dugc coi
ISSN 0866-7594.2019 Journal of Saence. Vol. XVI. AJI nghts reserved
TAP CHI KHOA HOC SO 16 150 www.hm.edu.vn trgng. Ngudi hgc tu hgc, tu nghien ciiu, giam su nhdi nhet IdSn thurc ciia ngudi day va phat
huy dugc tinh chii ddng, sang tao cua ngudi hgc. Chinh vi vay, viec bdi dudng nang lire tu hgc, tu nghien cuu hien nay dang dugc nhieu trudng quan tam, nhat la trong dao tao theo hgc che tin chi. Luat giao due 2005 da chi rd: "Phucmg phap giao due dai bgc pbai coi trgng viec bdi duong nang lire tu hgc, tu nghien cuu, tao di§u kien cho ngudi hgc phat tnen tu duy sang tao, ren luyen ky nang thuc hanh, tham gia nghien cuu, thuc nghiem, iing dung".
Trong nhung nam gan day, nhieu trudng Dai hgc, Cao dang da tung budc ddi moi va ap dung cac hinh thiic td chiic, cac phuang phap day hgc tich cue trong qua trinh day hgc dS dat dugc muc tieu gjao due. Cd ihk ndi, ren luyen ky nang sii dung tai lieu hgc tap cho sinh vien la mgt giai phap quan trgng gdp phan nang cao nang lire tu hgc cho ngudi hgc. Viec su dung tai Ueu hgc tap giii mdt vi tri dang ke trong viec nam vCmg kien thiic ndi chung va phat huy tinh tich cue hoat ddng tri tue ciia ngudi hgc ndi rieng. Nghi quyet cua Bd Chinh tri vk Cai each giao due (11/1/1979) da vi6t: "C§n coi trgng viec bdi dudng hiing thii Ihdi quen va phucmg p h ^ tu hgc cho ngudi hgc, hudng din ngudi hgc biet each nghien ciiu sach giao khoa, diao luan chuyen dd, ghi chep tu Ueu, tap lam thuc nghiem khoa hgc". EU^u nay khing dinh su cSn thiit cua viec stt dung tai Ueu hgc tap vdi phuong phap tu hgc cda ngudi hgc.
2. Tai lieu hgc tap va van de tu hgc hien nay cua sinh vi§n trong dao tao theo hoc chl tm chi
Tai lieu hgc tap la cdng cu quan trgng de phuc vu cho qua trinh day hgc. Viec sii dung tai Ueu hgc tap giiip cho ngudi hgc nam vimg kien thiic co ban, phat huy tinh tich cue, chu dgng, sang tao va phat trien nang luc tu hgc cua ngudi hgc.
Tai Ueu hgc tap rit phong phii, dugc chia lam nhieu loai, thdng thudng, ddi vdi ngudi hgc cd nhiing loai tai Ueu hgc tap sau: Giao trinh, tai Ueu hudng din hgc tap, dn t$p, tai Ueu tham khao, sach tra ciiu, tap chi chuyen nganh, tai lieu dien tu. Tuy theo muc tieu, ngi dung bai hgc ma xac dinh loai tai Ueu hgc tap can thiet va phii hgp cho qua trinh hgc tap. Trong do, giao trinh la loai tai Ueu chu yeu va quan trgng nhat ddi vdi ngudi hgc. Day la van ban thi hien ndi dung chi tilt cua chucmg trinh mdn hgc, la tiii lieu chinh de giao vien giang day va sinh vien hgc tap. Giao trinh do nha nudc xuat ban va dugc dCmg tiong ca nudc. Giao trinh dam bao tinh khoa hgc, tinh giao due tiong ngi dung va dat trinh do ky thuat va my thuat cao trong trinh bay bmh thiic van ban. Giao trinh la mgt tai lieu miu vk mgi phuang dien doi vdi hgc sinh. Dd la can cu de ngudi bgc chuan bi bai trudc khi len Idp, chuin bi dk cuong thao luan, lam cac bai tap thuc hanh dk tir kiem tra, de tu hgc d nha bd sung cho bai hgc tien ldp, dk md rgng dao sau kiln thiic mgt each cd he thdng va sinh dgng va viec hgc tap tid nen hieu qua, chit lugng. Ngudi hgc sd dung sach dk bd sung, hoan tiiien va md rgng tiiem kiln tinic. Khi ban vl y nghia ciia sach, tiong cudn Giao due hgc, tac gia Ha Thi Ngii, Dang Vu Hoat viit: "NIU dugc su dung diing phuang phap, sach se
ISSN 0866-7594.2019 Journal of Science, Vol XVI. AJI nghls reserved.
CO tac dyng Idn nhu: md rgng, dao sau vdn bidu bidt cua minh mgt each cd he thdng va smh d6ng; ren luydn ky rmig, thdi quen sir dung sach, bdi duang ngd phap, kmh nghiem viit van, 6c nhan xet, phe phan; bdi duong hirng thu hgc tap, tinh cam va tu tudng trong sang". Sir dung giao trinh va tai Ueu hgc tap khae de suu tam, thu thap thdng tin khoa hgc giup cho viec 4ao luan, tranh luan cd ket qua. Qua dd, se gdp phan bdi duong hdng thu dgc sach, hiing thu hgc tap qua sach.
Giao trinh va cac tai lieu khac cdn dugc dung nhu cac tai lieu minh hoa cho bai giang tten ldp. Cung vdi bai giang, hgc sinh theo doi giao trinh vdi cac hinh anh, con sd, n^en cuu bai dgc them, tai lieu tham khao... giup cho hgc sinh hgc tap tdt hrm.
Khi sii dung saeh va tai lieu hgc tap khae la ca hdi de cae em luyen tap each dgc, each ghi chep, phan tich, tdng hgp tai Ueu, che bien tai Ueu, each trinh bay van ban, tiep can each Ihu thSp, xii ly trinh bay thdng tin theo kieu nghien ciiu rat bd ich. Ngudi hgc nao dgc sach thudng xuyen hinb thanh thdi quen va ity nang tu hgc, tu nghien ciiu do la phim chat cue ky quy bau cua ngudi lao dgng mdi trong thdi dai khoa hgc, cdng nghe '"bgc de tu kMng dinh nunh". Nhu vay, nghien eiiu sach va cac tai Ueu hgc tap khac la mgt phuong phap hgc tap quan trgng ddi vdi ngudi hgc, d ^ biet la gdp phin hinh thanh va nang cao nang lire tu hgc.
Tnrdc day, ttong dao tao theo nien chi (Quy chi 25) it nhan manh den vai trd trung tam cua ngudi hgc, ngudi hgc khdng cin phai dang ky kd hoach hgc tap tnrdc va chu yeu chi cin hoan thanh cac nhiem vu hgc tap cua ca nhan dugc giang vien giao cho, vi vay khdng dat nang yen ciu smh vien dgc va nghien cuu tai lieu trudc khi den ldp va yeu can ve cac ky nang mdm. Vd phia giang vien chi cin sii dung cac phuang phap day hgc sao cho sinh vien chu yiu lam viec tai ldp va chi yeu ciu smh vien hoan thanh eac nhiem vu dugc giao. Vi vay, phuang phap dao tao nay da khdng phat huy dugc tinh chu ddng, sang tao, tinh tt'ch cue cua ban than ngudi hgc.
Trong xu tbd ddi mdi giao due Viet Nam, nhiiu ttudng Dai hge da tien hanh nghien ciiu ap dyng ddi mdi phuang thiie dao t?o tir nien chi sang dao tao theo tin chi. Cho den nay, dao t^io theo hgc chi tin chi da khing dinh nhirng uu die ndi bat so vdi phuong thiic (fio tjo theo nien chd nen duge ling dung rdng rai ttong nhiiu ttudng dai hgc. Phuong thiic dao tao theo hge chi tin chi la phuong thdc liy ngudi hgc lam mmg tam (leamer-centered).
Vdi phuang thuc dao tao nay sinh vien se hinh dung va dinh lugng ra tit ca cac yen ciu ddi vdi ban than ttong timg giai doan ciing nhu ttong sudt qua ttmh hgc tap cua mmh ttong nha tmdng; tao didu kien cho smh vien chu dgng len ki hoach hgc tap sao cho phu hgp vdi sd thich, nang lyc va hoan canh rieng. Bao tao theo tin chi ddi hdi ngudi hgc can tu hgc, tu nghien ciiu va lam viec nhdm nhiiu hon ngoai thdi gian tten ldp; giang vien ddng vai ttd la ngudi dmh hudng cho ngudi hgc va phai su dyng cac phuong phap day hgc sao eho smh vien phai su dyng thdi gian ngoai gid len ldp dd tu hgc, ty nghien cuu va lam viec nhdm.
ISSN 0S66-7594- 2019 Journal of Science, Vol. XVI. All rights reserved.
TAP CHI KHOA HOC SO 16 152 www.hm.edu.vn Qua trinh thuc hien phuang thiic dao tao mdi nay ddi hdi giang vien va ngudi hgc phai chu ddng, tich cue tiong viec tilp can, nghien ciiu cac hgc Ueu, thdng tin de phuc vu cho qua trinh tu hgc, tu ngjiien ciiu cua ban than.
Hien nay, hau het sinh vien deu nhan thitc dugc tim quan trgng cua tu hgc, ty nghien ciiu, cd dgng ca hgc tap rd rang va cd khai niem ban dau kha chinh xac ve tu hgc. Ket qua khao sat ve tam quan trgng cua viec tu hgc, tu nghien cuu dugc trinh bay d Bang 1:
Bang 1: Nhan thvc caa sinh vien ve tam quan trgng cua vifc tijr hgc STT
1 2 3 4
Mirc do Khdng can thiet
Binh thudng Can thiet Rat can thiet
Ykien SL
0 0 213
62
%
0 0 77,5 22,5Ket qua tien cho thay tin hieu dang mimg tiong nhan thiic, suy nghi cua sinh vien hien nay tiong dao tao theo hgc che tin chi. Tuy nhien, khi dugc hdi ve thdi quen sir dung thdi gian ngoai gid len ldp ciia 275 sinh vien cua mdt trudng d^i hgc, tac gia thay rang hau het sinh vien deu sii dung thdi gian nay de len mang, sii dung Intemet (86,2%).
Bang 2: Thdi quen sir dung thdi gian ngoai gid ISn Idp cua sinh vi8n STT
1 2 3
Cong viec Sir dung Intemet Tu hgc, dgc sach Hoat dgng khac
Ykien SL 237 58 25
86,2
%
21,1 9,1
Vdi cau hdi "Ban sir dung Intemet de lam gi?", ket qua thu dugc nhu sau: cd 194/237 (chilm 81,9%) sinh vien tra ldi sii dung Intemet, ludt web chu yiu dl thda man nhu cau giai tri ciia ban than nhu facebook, xem phim, thdi trang.. . Nhu v§y, sd heu tien cho thay rang, mac dii sinh vien nhan thuc dugc tam quan tigng ciia tu hgc, tu nghien cuu nhung viec xay dyng ke hoach tu hgc va thdi gian tu hgc chua dugc sinh vien quan tam thuc hien diing miic.
Tac gia tilp tuc tiln hanh khao sat ve miic do su dung tai lieu hgc tap hien nay cua sinh vien, ket qua tiiu dugc nhu sau:
Bang 3: Mirc do sir dung tai lieu hgc tap cua sinh vien STT
1 2 3 4
Miic do Su dung thudng xuyen Thinhg thoang su dyng Khi giao vien yen cau, dn thi
Khdng sd dyng
Ykien SL 37 68 275 0
13,5
%
24,7 100 0
ISSN 0866-7594.2019 Journal of Science, Vol. XVI. All nghts reserved.
Kit qua tten cho thiy, miic do sinh vien dgc sach va cac loai tai liSu hgc tap khac chua dugc thuc hi?n mdt each thuang xuyen, ehua ttd thanh thdi quen va sd thich.
Viec sinh vien su dyng tai lieu hgc tap ttong qua ttinh chuin hi bai tap d nha, chuin bi bai mdi, gid hgc tten ldp chu yiu mang tinh ddi phd, khi thiy ydu ciu va phye vy thi cii.
Smh vien cdn lung tung tt-ong viec tidp can ngudn tai Ueu hge tap cung nhu phuong phap nghien euu chua phu hgp vdi mue dich, yeu ciu eua timg mdn hgc, timg ndi dung can dat dugc va tiing loai tai ligu.
Nhu vjy, tir nhung khao sat thuc td ndi tten cho thiy, vin di dat ra la phai nang cao tinh tu giac, tu hgc, nghien cuu, tiep can va dgc sach, tai lieu hgc tap ciia sinh vien di thuc Men dugc muc tieu giao dye dji hgc ttong dao tao theo hge chi tm chi. Niu smh vien nim vimg cac ky nang su dung tai lieu hgc tap va thuc Men thudng xuyen se la mdt giai phap quan tigng gdp phan nang cao nang luc tu hgc eho ban than.
3. K5* nang sir dung tii li^u hgc tap - giai phap nang cao nang Iuc tu hgc cho sinh vlSn theo hgc chi tin chi.
Dao tao theo hgc che tin chi la hinh thue dao tao "liy ngudi hgc iam ttimg tam", va coi ttpng van de tu hge cua ngudi hge. Tu hgc cd nghia la ngudi hgc phai chu ddng tim Kem kien thuc bang each dgc sach, suy ngim, kham pha va phat hien, biin kien thuc tiip thu dugc tir sach vd, tu cudc sdng thanh kien thue cua minh Vi vay, viec su dung tai lidu hgc tap dugc coi la khau quan ttgng diu tien giup smh vien tiip thu tri thuc va phat ttiin phuong phap tu hgc hidu qua. De sii dung tai lieu hge tap mdt each hieu qua, sinh vien can nam vimg cae yeu can va ky nang sau:
a. Lya chgn va tra cuu tai Ueu hge tap
Hi?n nay, ngudn tai Ueu in (giao trinh, tap chi, sach tham khao) va tai Ueu dien td rit doi dao, chiia dung nhihig thdng tin phong pbii. Day la diiu kien thuan lgi de sinh vien tim kiem, lira chgn duge ngudn tai Ueu cin thiit phuc vu cho viec hgc tap cua ban than. Tuy nhien, vi?c lira chgn tai heu cin phai dam bao tmh khoa hgc, do tin cay, chinh xac vi cung mdt van de nhung se cd nhung quan diim trai chiiu Vl vay, tnrdc khi chinh thuc dgc mgt cudn sach, mot tap tai lieu, sinh vien cin hiiu biit rd cac nha xuit ban uy tin, cac tac gia la chuyen gia dau nganh, cd nhiing nghien ciiu gia tti, thdi diim xuat ban, sd Ian tai ban de dam bao thdng ttn cd su cap nhat, chinh xac. Di tim dugc tai Ueu nhu mong mudn, sinh vien phai biit each tta ciiu tai Ueu d thu vien, nha sach hay ngudn tai lieu ttuc tuyen. Khi tta ciiu tai lieu cd thi tta theo tir khda, theo ten tac gia, theo ten sach, theo chu di ... viec tun dugc tai liSu se ttd nen dl dang hem va tiit kiem dugc thdi gian hon.
b. Ky nang dgc tai Ueu hgc tap
Giao ttinh va cac tai Ueu khac la ngudn tti thue da dang va phong phu giup ngudi hgc ndm chdc, dio sau, md rdng tri thiic tang vdn hiiu biit va thoa man nhu can
ISSN0866-7594.2019Joumalof Scienoe, Vol, XVI. AJI rights re
TAP CHJ KHOA HOC SO 16 154 www.hm.edu.vn nhin thiic cua ban than. Tuy nhien, viec dgc giao trinh va cac tai lieu phuc vu cho hoJit
dgng hgc tap khdng don gian nhu dgc sach bao mang tinh giai tri ma dd la dgc de nghien cuu, phai tap trung cao do, cd tu duy phan tich va thai dg ciia ban than. Vi v^y, khdng phai ngudi hgc nao cung de dang thuc hien dugc. Chinh vi the, trong qua trinh hgc tap sinh vien can nam virng cac budc sau:
Thu nhat, xac dinh muc dich cua viec dgc giao trinh, tai lieu hgc tap. 0gc d6 lam gi?
Viec lam nay, se giiip ngudi hgc dinh hudng dugc vigc khai thac nhihig van d6 can nam tiong sach.
Thii hai, nam vimg phuang phjq) dgc: sau khi xac dinh muc dich dgc sach, ngudi hgc cd the sii dimg nhieu each dgc khac nhau: dgc ludt, dgc nhanh, dgc ky. Tuy theo nhidm vu hgc tap ma ngudi hgc cd the lua chgn mdt each dgc nao dd hay phdi hgp cac each dgc khac nhau mgt each hgp ly de ngi dung can dgc dugc hieu mgt each sau sac, toan dien:
Bpe lu&t: cd the dgc toan bd quyen sach hoac cd the bd qua mdt sd tiang, doan nao do hoac dung lai d mgt sd tiang, doan nao dd nhung khdng nghien ngam, tu duy ky cang.
Vdi each dgc nay, ngudi hgc cd the tim hieu mdt each khai quat nhiing khai nigm ban dau va ndi dung toan bd sach.
Bpe nhanh: sau khi so bd tim hilu khai quat ve ndi dung sach, viec dgc sach thirc sir bat dau. Dgc nhanh se tap tnmg dugc su chii y va de dang xac ISp dugc mdi lien h? meit thiit giira cac giai doan. Dilu dd, giiip chiing ta cd the nam vung tai lieu tdt han, cd dugc Sn tugng manh ddi vdi nhiing dieu da dgc.
Boc ky, nghiin ngdm: day la each dgc quan trgng nhat, can tiiiSt nhSt tiong viec tu hgc dl ITnh hdi dky du ndi dung cudn sach. Ddi vdi mdi cudn sach, viec dgc mdt lan hay nhilu ihn, nhanh hay cham la tuy thudc vao muc dich dgc. Neu chi dgc vdi muc dich trich din mdt sd dan chiing thi cd the dgc mdt lan, cdn vdi muc dich hgc tap, nghien cuu de nam vung toan bg ngi dung sach hay nhiing ngi dung ca ban thi phai dgc di dgc lai nhieu lan, dgc cd nghien ngam, tu duy suy nghi.
Bpe cd chpn loc, cd trpng diim: la dgc de tim nhirng diem cdt loi, chgn y tudng hay nhit, dling nhit va cd ich cho viec hgc se ren dugc tu duy phe phan, lam tien de cho nang luc giai quyet van de sau nay.
Mdi each dgc fren day, cd the dap iing cho nhiing muc dich dgc va nhung loai sach kbac nhau. Vdi cac loai sach dgc vdi muc dich hgc tap, nghien ciiu ngudi hgc phai dgc mgt each chii ddng, dgc nhilu l§n, nghien ngam, sau sac, di sau vao ngi dung timg van dl tiong sach. Nhu vay, viec xac dinh muc dich dgc sach rd rang trudc khi bat tay vao dgc la hit siic quan tigng.
c. Kf nang ^ chep khi dgc tai Ueu hgc tap.
Day la mdt ky nang cin thiet va quan tigng giiip ngudi dgc cd thi kilm tra dugc
ISSN 0B6&-7594 2019 Journal of Science, Vol. XVI. Atl rights reserved.
mdc do Ehh hdi tai lieu cua minh, tao ca sd di nguai dgc ghi nhd kiin thuc va giu lai dugc tir li?u khi cin thiit. Ngudi hgc phai biit each ghi chep thdng qua mdt sd hinh thuc: trich tai lieu di ghi lai nguydn van, ghi nhan xet, lap di cucmg khi dgc sach, viit tdm tit nhung ndi dung CO ban,... Cac y chinh can ghi chep ein than, gach chan hoac td man vi dd la cae y co ban ma tu dd cd the suy luan ra cac y khac lien quan. Day la nhirng binh thuc ghi chep giup ngudi hgc cd thd ghi nhd, tich luy tai lieu, ren luyen ky nang viit nghien euu khoa hge.
Cd thd thay rang, tu duy Idu dgc saeh la mgt phin rit quan ttgng giup sinh vien cd thi hmh dung y tudng, so sanh cac y tudng, tit do phat hien ra ndi dung cua cuon sach hay tai Ueu, nit ra kit luan dung din vi nhiing vin di dugc neu ttong sach. Ben canh dd, smh vien n6n ghi lai nhung ngi dung quan ttgng, ed y nghia ttong viec giai quyit myc dich hgc tap hay nhu cau ca nhan. Dgc va ghi chep ludn di Uin vdi nhau, tae dgng bd sung eho nhau trong qua trinh ty hgc.
d Ky nang hd thdng hoa, khai quat hoa tai Ueu
Day la k j nang rat quan frgng giup ngudi Ugc phat triin nang lyc nhan thue cua ban than va giup ngudi hgc de dang nam dugc tai lieu nghien ciiu mdt each tdng quat, he thong toan difn. Mudn vay, ngudi hgc phai dgc, nghien ciiu ky tai Ueu, ghi chep can th^, tun hieu sau sac thi mdi khai quat boa, he thdng hoa van de dudi dang dan y, de cuong cho phu hgp. Tir dd, giup ngudi hgc nim dugc nhiing van de chung, ban chat nhat, cd he thdng va ed the giai quyet nhung van de dat ra ma khdng can phai hgc thugc Icng mgt khdi lugng tri thiic khdng Id cua mdn hgc.
e. Ky nang giai bai tap nhan thue ttong boat ddng tu hgc
Giai bai tap nhan thiic la qua trinh sinh vien van dyng kien thuc da tiep thu dugc trong qua trinh tun kiim, khai thae, nghien eihi tai Ueu hgc tap di giai quyet nhiing tmh hudng, nhirng vin di dat ra nhim Cling cd va lam sang td tri thuc, gdp phan tim ra tri thuc mdi va giup ngudi hgc nam kiin thuc mgt each diy du, sau sSc. Sau khi hgc xong mdt bai, nam dugc ky nang giai quyit vin dk giup sinh vien biet each lam bai tap, tta ldi can hdi, bai kiim tra. Hoat dgng nghien euu khoa hgc chmh la bai tap nhan thuc cao nhat ddi vdi ngudi hgc. Bai t$p nay la hinh thiic ren luyen ky nang tu hgc d miic do cao vi nd ludn dat ngudi hgc ttong tinh hudng cd van de can phai giai quyet.
Ky nang sii dyng tai Ueu hgc tap la mgt ttong nhung ky nang rat quan ttgng cua ngudi hgc. Tuy nhien, khdng phai bit eii smh vien nao cung cd dugc ky nang nghien cuu tai Ueu niu khdng ed su hd ttg eua giao vien. Giao vien la ngudi hudng dan cho sinh vien Ity nang su dyng tai lieu vdi tu cacU la mdt phuang phap day hgc. Qua ttinh hudng din sudi vien su dyng giao ttmh va tai heu hgc tap khac phai dugc fliuc hien ngay tten ldp, sau mdi gid hgc va thuang xuyen di hmh flianh flidi quen dgc sach va flidi quen lam viec vdi sach.
Vi vay, sau khi kit thuc mdi bai hgc, giao vien nen giao nhiem vu hgc tap d nha cho ngudi
ISSN0866-7594.Z019JoiimalofSaence,Vol.XVI All nghls reserved.
TAP CHI KHOA HOC SO 16 156 www.hm.edu.vn hgc bang nhirng cau hdi mang tinh chit ggi md dl budc ngudi hgc phai sir dung giao trinh
va tai lieu hgc tap khac. Muc dich cua viec Iam nay la kilm tra tinh tu giac, ren luyen tu duy ky nang tia ciiu thdng tin, tai lieu dl chuSn bi vl kiln thiic cho bai hgc tilp theo va de ngudi hgc tiep can d ^ vdi viec nghien curu khoa hgc sau nay. Su dinh hudng va theo ddi ciia giao vien tiong qua trinh sii dung tai lieu hgc tap se giiip qua trinh hoan thien cac ky nang dgc; ky nang ghi chep; ky nang he thdng hda, khai quat hda; ky nang giai bai tap nhan thiic, giup sinh vien phat huy hi$u qua tdt nhat ddi vdi hoat ddng tu hgc.
4. Ket luan va kien nghi
Sd dung tai lieu hgc tap la mdt giai phap hihi hieu cho qua trinh tu hgc cua sinh vien tiong dao tao theo hgc chS tin chi. Tuy nhien dl viec su dung tai Ueu hgc t^p trd thanh mgt thdi quen ciia sinh vien va thuc su hieu qua, phat huy tich cue, tu giac, nang cao nang lua tu hgc tnrdc het ddi hdi su nd lire het minh ciia ban than ngudi hgc, tam huyet ciia ngudi day va tiach nhiem tir cac cap quan ly. Vl phia nha trudng, dac biet chii tigng nang cap he thdng thu vien, bd sung kip thdi cac loai tai Ueu hgc tap, phan loai tai Ueu, tiang bi he thdng may tinh, ndi mang Intemet, td chiic cac cudc thi, ngay hdi dgc sach nham hd tig cho qua trinh hgc tap cua sinh vien va gdp phan uMig cao nang lire tu hgc cho ngudi hgc.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
Nguyen Nggc Bao (1995), Phdt huy tinh tich cicc. tinh tir luc cua hpc sinh trong qud trinh dgy hpc, Bd GD-DT.
Bd Giao due - Dao tao (2007), Quy chi ddo tgo dgi hpc vd cao ddng hi chinh quy theo hi thdng tin chi. Ban hanh kem theo quyit dinh sd 43/2007/QD-BGDDT ngay 15 thang 8 nam 2007 ciia Bg trudng Bd Giao due va Dao tao.
Ha Huy Tuan (2005), Sic dung SGK vd tdi liiu khde trong qud trinh dgy hpc mdn Chinh tri cua THCN, Tai lieu hgi nghi tap huan giao vien THCN, Ha Ndi.
Pham Viet Vugng (2007), Gido due hpc, Nha xuat ban Dai hgc QuSc gia Ha Ndi.
ISSN 0866-7594.2019 Journal of Science, Vol. XVI. All nghts reserved.
