Science filechnology Development, Vol 17, No.Q4 - 2014
DANH GIA LIEN K ^ T GIUA TRUOTVG BAI HQC VA DOANH NGHlfP THE LINKAGE BETWEEN UNIVERSITY AND INDUSTRY
Nguyin Quynh Mai
Khoa Qudn tri Kinh doanh. Tnr&ng Dgi hpc Quoc ti-DHQG TP.HCM - nqmai%hcmiu.edu.vn (Bai nh4n ngay 23 ihdng 12 nam 2014. hoanh chinh sua chCra ngay 18 Ihang Ot nSm 2015
TOM TAT
Nhdm ddnh gid mdi liin kil giQa truang DH vd DN, chting tdi thirc hiin mgt khda sdt vi cdc hlnh thuc lien ket phd biin, muc dp lien kit va nhirng lpi ich md hai phia nhgn dufrc tir lien kit nay. DH Hiu dupc thu thdp tir 2 nhdm: cdc trudng DH tren d{a bdn thdnh pho HCM vd cdc doanh nghiip. Cd 26 truang DH phdn hdi v&i vdi 138 phiiu trd tdi tir cdc khoa. trung Idm ihugc Iruang vd 120 phiiu phdn hoi tir 120 DN thugc cd 3 tinh vuc Sdn xual - D/ch vu - Thucmg mgi Kit qud dd xdc djnh dugc 3 nhdm hinh thdc hgp tdc phd biin trang ddo tgo. chuyin giao cong nghi vd hdlrg thiii bj nghiin cihi. trong do muc dg hpp ldc chi & muc trung binh v&i tru&ng DH vd mice thdp vdi DN. Cdc lgi ich dupc phdn chia thdnh hai nhdm: Lpi ich lien kit vd Lgi Ich ddo Igo. Cdc hlnh thuc lien kit cd mSl tuang quan khd chgt chi den cdc lpi Ich tuang ung.
Titkkod: Hinh thirc liin kil. lpi ich lien kit. cdc yiu td tgo thudn lpi cho lien kit.
ABSTRACT
This research was conducted to evaluate types, strength and benefits of linkages between university and industry in Ho Chi Minh City. Data was collected from both universities and businesses.
We received 138 responses from faculties and centers of 26 universities (out of 30 universities surveyed) and 120 responses from 120 businesses in manufacturing service and trading. The study identified Ihree prevalent types of Ihe linkage in traimng and lechnology transfer, which are: (I) Industry supports university in training: (2) University provides training and technology transfer for industry: and (3) Industry provides technological facilities for umversity. The level of this collaboration was found lo be average in the universities group and weak in the businesses group The benefits of collaboration are divided inlo two groups, namely benefits In training and benefits in research. The result also showed there Is significant correlation between the strength and benefits of the linkage.
Keywords- Linkage type, linkage benefits, linkage favorable faclors.
'fl"! ich tu cfic sfing kiln vfi gifii phfip cho cfic Moi lien kit giaa cfic tmdng dai hpc vk vln de trong sfin xult vfi quan 1^, tilp c§n vdi ngfinh c6ng nghigp mang Iai Ipi (ch dfing kl cfic sinh vien gioi cho nhu clu tuyin dyng vfi cho ca hai phfa. Cfic truimg dgi hpc (DH) c6 c^c gifio su trong hogt dOng hr vln vfi nghifin thi cung d p cfic chuong trinh dfio tgo dfip ung ciiu. XS hOi cQng dupc hudng Ipi tCr mdi lifin tdt hon nhu cau thj tnrdng, thyc hign cfic hoat kit nfiy thflng qua cfic san phim vfi cflng nghg dflng nghifin cihi diflng qua hpp tac • vfi tfing ™6i dupc tgo ra (Santoro, 2000), Ngofii ra, mdi cudng thuang mai hfia cfic kit qua nghien cuu I'^n kit nfiy c6n thiic diy hlnh thfinh cfic doanh cua minh. Doanh nghifp (DN) co thg thu dupc "ghif P khdi nghigp, Iao vigc Ifim vfi thu nhfip ta
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X4r C D N A T TBrai KEACH. T i r 17, s o Q4 . 2 U 4
%IP cMt ehe v d | « ^ t n ^ o e 1 ^ bet ed d i Icb nfing e i ^ die oSng ^ GO ttag Cff hSi difinh 1 ^ nMtag phat n i n b coiS B ^ nH»i I& cac t n i d n e ^ bpc. QBahrmh dwy&i gjao cSi^
i « b | l h ^ ^ vi|c khdi nghi^ khib A a d i vfi d^ AiW loi Ifc lnr^lii(Kiifcipjffl, 7012),
Toy idti&i. h o ^ asag Sea bit gi0a tdA trn««g l a B N * VJH Nam hieo nay cdn rit han cbi v l idnh AAc v i mfic d$ vfi cd kit q ^ kbaqg ding U . N^Bfin cfiu n ^ se m m ddii«
g t f i f t ^ B f i y .
Troog iribo 2007 <B cd hon 300 tmdng Bfi.
O o ^ ^ kll (boa OaiSa bpp tic vdi DN.
C ^ A t e tfiBgn bpp lfic lfi bode kbdi i & cho U bo9di b ^ tfie tofin ^ ^ g ^ irfi^ mai^ Iji lpi fc* ftilt d ^ cho efi t r u ^ DH vfi DN. Tny ddfti mfe Dfa 1 ^ f i o ^ DH - DN diidi% idiD dma ft)pc sp maig I$i hifu qid v l dfio 190 ldn nwi^ dCFi ( T A I Anh Tfii & T i i i Vfln Tta&
2 0 0 ^ N^n&i cfio njgr t ^ tnmg vfio lfim tft cfic v & d l nhu: Cfic Unh flifcliai kit pbd 1 » ^ K gl? Ifi^H quft cua cfic hinh tfific n ^ Sg khfic Uft t n ^ ^ i b ^ ^Qa Tnfdi% DH vfi i m kfai dbib g^ v$ nbfta^ via d l n i ^ N^qrfa nUbi efifiqr ldificl»|t niy lfi ^
C ^ i ^ ^ i ^ cfin tnidc dfiy d Vi^ R m v l vift d l nfiy kbBDg nhilu. cb p b ^ ifi cfic y kiln cfafific idifi ^fio dtfc/tpua t$ gifio < ^ ndi v l litakltiiOQg dfio 190 vfi nghifa cuu (Tiii AiA Tfii & T i ^ van TiB^ 2009) bon lfi cac b a «
Cfic BUS telb hgp tfie tnnig i^iifa cfin <^fc
<!^ c ^ 4 ^ i)liS biln inn tnmg cfici^iifa Gon
• n t e ngafit G n n , Ricbanl vfi Mok (200S) doa n md Uift b9p tfie tmng i ^ i f a cfiu giib vifa B ^ i f a e t a vfi inrtng BH vfi M4 d ^ KiiA, Tmne Q i 6 c Md htaib fi cbo dily vai lid cos sp hoplfig: v i efittC^faifa Pfd ddi vdi sv d ^ ndi
eSiBg n £ ^ Cac vifa i ^ i i f a ctaftmto^ DH d m y ^ ^ao 1 ^ t/ak RAD va c d ^ B ^ dsa yfa ftpc t^ n g va hiGoi^ din bra Oifadi Uw cbo DN. Ngoai ta Chtdi Hm d b ^ dAi^ vai bd t n a ^ g a i troi^ viec cdr^ bd idaing kit qua a ^ i f a cmi cbo DN. Nghifin cuo nay cfing cho dtiy cac DN ^ ^ Khdi ua thidi hhib thfic Ufa k^ trai^ dfi IW pbra b ^ vm cfic vifa NC, tmdi^ fHi phfit ttifa y t qna RAD n h ^ ^ d ^ lfi Idnii di6c DN myfa dmig lAfa sp, cong t ^ i f tfr cac vifa i^hifa cdu, tnidi^ f » l Ngoii ta. od dfa 90% cic EH4 tai B& Kmh na diidi md tutdi h ^ lfic "EW sS Itei vigc chung vdi vifa. (tudng £»! d l fdift iijfa la san ^ilm mdi cdi^^idngdcfdDN".
Ibeo Jones - Evans & Kk^tea (1998). sp di^ih cdi% caa tnrin^ DH nfim d diS nd tid th^di rnSt tge liipng d w sp ddi radi dia ^ plma% tfidi^ qna vifa fb^ friln m ^ mang bnH gidm cic cdng vifa v i c i c vuAn nmn Una bpc g i a liitt vdi vigc nghifa cta cua cic ttudi^KL
M & ' l i f a b f v d i c i c D N s e i ^ l b e o nhtag lpi Idl r O r ^ Idm s a c (1) T90 la idrib^ n g u ^ Ipci^iifa cuu m i Idi&Q dll cd Aipc d nlnb^
tioi Ibfic; (2) Gian dlil quan Ufa v l g i ^ td Uu
|Aii php du$c vio Ifii tip nhi nudc; (3) Nfing cao CO bpi n ^ n^^ii^ d n SV; (4) Gia tfii^ t^
lp ^ dpi% dupciAfing i^iifa c t a CO bfin vio cic vln dl d ^ tigo; (5) KlHiyIn kfaldi bpc t|^.
ofii% cao mnb dp nghifa c t a bpc tfw^ gifia cic bpc gji; (6) 1 ^ doadh tfm d u Cfic tratag DH qoa vi@c t^o ta iriiQi^ iOag siag dil. Bfa C9di dfi dii!% cd idrifa^ mdi nguy b^i tfi^ sp hpp tfie < ^ mtt ttilt giOa bai bfa Ifi cic tni6ng DH cd t^ny co trd tbfah mdt ttung imn R&D cua cic ctag ty lta (Hamai. ^Wl).
Heiihidt, Kimnos v i Godm (2005) d^ng miidi nItaQ lpi idl tit sp b i v lie gifia tnitag D H v f i D N t & k l t q o f i d i B c l l c a a 2 7 d p f i n RAD do tmtag DH phdi hgp vdi cie DN tfipc hifa. C ^ tie gii cra^ x ^ (ta% md hfaib mifa Trang 37
Scieiee* CTecbnology DeTeIopaeBt,yol 17, N(i.Q4 - 2 i l 4 tfi vtag I90 ra gifi tri tik 3 noi nMu dupe Ipi Ich lfi tnrtag DH. DN vfi Chtah Phn.
Md hlnh ngbiSn cihi
Cfic hogt d$ng lifin k ^ giOa tmong DH vfi DN chu ylu t ^ Oimg vfio 3 Wnh thflc Ifi Tu v ^ Dfio tgo vfi Hpp tfie phfit triln ngufln nhfin lpc (Dfing Qudc Bao vfi Bfii Dure Tu , 2007 vfi Trln Anh Tfii & Trln Vfin Tiing, 2009). Tnmg d6 nhfi trutag cfl flie hr v ^ xfiy dpng chuong hinh dfio tgo cho DN; DN tham gia gdp -y n^i dung chuong trinh dfio ^ o cua tnrtag DH, tgo dilu kign cho SV thpc t|p; trudng DH cd flil mdi DN tham gia gifing dgy hay ndi chuydn chiQ^n d l . Nhfi tnidng cd flil hd ttp DN trong vln d l tuyin dpng fliflng qua cfic hogt dtag nhu tu vln gifli fliigu vigc lfim, h^i chp vigc lfim. Ngupc Igi DN cd flil cung c ^ cfic co h^i flipc t ^ cbo sinh vifin.
M^t hinh fliiic Iifin kit cimg rit phd bilri Ifi lifa kit trong NCKH v i CGCN. Cfic hogt d§ng lifin kit nfiy cd till gdm cfic htah diflc DN tfii trp cho hogt dOng nghifa cflu, flifinh l$p nhflm nghifin c t a chung, bao gdm flifinh vifin tOr DN vfi trutag DH. DN d u ta fliiit bj cho frutag DH v.v... CTrln Aiih Tfii & T i ^ Vfin Ttag, 2009). 11160 Guan. Richard vfi Mok (2005). cd 6 hinh flific hpp tfie trong lifa kit NC vfi CGCN, bao gdm: (1) Mia kit qufi RAD tCr cfic vign, (2) trutag DH, DN cfing phdi hpp vdi v i ^ frutag phfit triln kit qufi RAD; (3) Giao phd nhifim vp R&D cho cfc vifa NC/trutag
• DH. (4) DN vfi vifa NC/hutag DH ciing flifinh Ifip cfic td chftc RAD. (3) DN tayin dgng nhfin sp, cdng nghg td cfic vign NC/ tnrtag DH. (6) DN tfiam gia vfio cfic dp fin chung qudc gia cfing vdi vifa NC/frutag DH.
Cfic nghifa c t a cfing chl ra Ipi ich tfl lifin kit, trong dfl Ipi fch cd flil dupc chia flifinh 2 nhflm: Lpi fch frong lign kit dfio tgo vfi Lpi fch trong Iifin kit nghifin cta.
t r a n g 38
V^fc lifa'yt^roiig 1 ^ t ^ g i ^ ^ i ^ < i ) > ^ ttah flipeliln^clfiE^dH&mg tHnlw ^ i g c ^ ^ ^ dpng 1^ fliuyl dS hpe dio SV fltflng^Wi &fite quan, t h p c l ^ ; trong ^ dd DN c d ^ tfmb&t flifim ngudn nhfin 1 ^ ch& lu«rag c»^ #'piilii cfic frirdng DH (Tribl Anh Tfii A Tda ym Ttag. 2009). Vifc Ufin k§t dtag ^fip'^H^E^f cfl CO sd dS gui nhfin vifa d i ^ hpc tSp;i%ii^
cao tr^nh dp. Lifin kit c t a gifip trudng DH n ^ -]
cao c h ^ lupng dfio t^, DN q u ^ bfi thc^g^.;!
hlnh finh vfi tuyin dpng tapic nhfin sp :^,j .' Cfic Ipi fch ttmig l£^'k§t NCKK vfi 0 ^ # ' rit phong phfl, lifin 1 ^ gif^ Ong Gu6i%^tf flipc tiln vfi khfi ntog t r ^ ] ^ ft^ dpQg cfic nghifin c t a frong tnrinig Df^ gifip inang,J^ ' ngudn fliu cho trutag DH, gifip gifii q^y^ e^
vln d l flipc tiln efia DN (Trfin Anh Tfii & t ^ Vfin Timg, 2009). Sp hpp tfie gifia DN ) | .{
tordng DH giflp gia a n g co h$i ddi mdi , 0 ^ J nghg. DN giup cung c ^ flidng tin thj trutag,M|;J phfin hdi cOa ngudi su dpng cflng nghg chO 1 frudng DH/vifa NC. Sp lifin kit cimg giflp \ nfing cao nfing I ^ RAD efia DN ho^tc DN nhd. | cfl CO hOi thufi nhtag ngudi cfl trinh d$ cao tJt truflng DH cho cfic hogt d$rig nghifin ciiu C ^ -^
hp (Guan, Richani vfi Mok, 2005). M<ijt ^ nhtag lpi Ich khfic nhu: Lifa kit tgo ra nhCfe^ ] ngudn Ipc nghifin c t a mfi khflng Oil cfl d p p e l ' J nhtag noi khfic; Gifim flifli quan Iifiu v l giiy*^ 'J khi phfii phy flm$c vfio ^ trp nhfi nud^ Gia tfing ty lg fip dpng dupc nhtag n ^ i f a ctadff ] bfin vfio cfic v ^ d l thpc t ^ n ; Khuyin khfch ] hpc tfip, nfing cao trhdi d$ t ^ i f a c t a h ^ tfi^ j gitta cfic hpc gifi (Haiman, 2001). ! ' Tft nhtag CO sd IS tbt^t trfin, nhtai nghiip * c t a dfi tdng hpp vfi xfiy dpng mfl hlnh nghifa j c t a cho d l tfii (Hlnh 1). Dk khfio sfit hl$n ttpi$
cflamdilifaklttnriimgDH-DNnbdmnghifa . c t a sg tim hilu 3 nhtoi v ^ dfe (I) Cfic Utdl J fliftc Iifin kl^ ifliflm n ^ bao gdm bat nbfltn^ii lfi hlnh thflc Ufa kit tnmg dfio A ^ vfi Mnb A t a lifa kit trong n^yfa c t a v i t n i y i n ^ a o edag
- ^ t S i M A T TSltN KH«CN, T ^ 17, S 6 Q4 • 2tM S a i ^ Inaig NGaCGOJ mang 1 ^ (3) c ^ Jlte ts lie 4 l g tei mdi Ben rit Cic yfa l6 Ams di^idiaA dio phfi hgp v6i d6i nnmg IdiSe sat l i 1 ^ Inidng hay doanh Qghi^.
Hlnh I. Md hhih i ^ i i ^ CSU t ^ k a Oong d ^ tab
N
L ^ k e t mmg Q^ufa e t a v i
Htah tfita iifa k^
Cic y ^ t d tic dfag
Lpi ich lifa
Lpi idl tnmg ^Qo tgo
Nn-
3. I t o m g p U p agUte ciia
Phuong pUp khio sit duilc s i dgng ili d c
•Onh n i i c ( I $ , h f a i h t b t e « i l o i i c h v i thoiiig cich tnng lOn \k giQa Ini6ng DH v4 DN.
M i l khte sil gim 2 d a m . Nh6m tUi nhb li ciclni6nel^hoct«!TPJICM,vl>i 30tnitag BH a a « c 4 Bih w c (Khoa hoc s t h«i, iCbsa kgo tiriAie^ Kj) butt v i Khih ti/kiiih doanh)
«M Uioing 3«7 kboaAnaig I t e . BSi tugng khAo sit U ban gjim h i ^ trudng, tiudng^^
cia c i c kfaoa/tiong tflm v i cic nhOng giing vita o i a u k knh n g b i ^ vS bo^ d9i« li€n k 6 v«> rai. Cic bta c&i bii duvc phS dkn tote b^ 30 tiudng, I r a ^ tih% uudng, cic Una v i f m g tim dtagc kiy mlu theo ngo>«n tic Ikntn t ^ Nhim did 2 tt doanh n g U ^ dugc Ity n i l dtu^ am, bao gim cic qni mo v i nginb i ^ k W e nhan.
Loi (ch trei^ n ^ ^ ( ^ v i t^biqf&i giao ciQgngh$
milhiBliingUlmahivaBanecauhii dc inka do hidng v^ m6c d$ v i Igi ich nghite cdu dugc phit triln ti^ cic nghien ohl trade d&y v i dilu chfiih thflng qua phdng vln.
NghiSi cdu niy sii ding Ihang do 5 difai cho c i c y & t S v l H h i h « A : l i a i k & ( v d i l l i i &
khdng Ihudng xuyWlhflng cd v i S li ijt Audi^ xuyen) v i diang Likert cho Lgi Ich lifti k & v i C i c y & t S l i e d S n g v d i l l i A khSng d ^ ^ v i S l i i & d i o g y .
4. iC^ ^ v i thio h^n
Nbdm I: Vdi khoing 400 bing khio sit phit ra tdi ttdn b« 30 tnidng DH t^ Tp. HCM. SS higng bdi iBp v i 1 ^ ehit higng di jid.ly li 138 bing dl 26 ttutag. MSt s6 iSc d i i n eia miu nghien c i u nhu sou: cic khoa d m ^ kb6i nginh tf diu^ efai&n 49K, cic khoa don vj thuSc
T n n g 39
Science ^Technology DeveiopneBt, Vol 17, N0.Q4 - 29t4 Ididi n ^ n h kinh ^qufin 1^ chion 29% tdng s6,.
cfic don vj tfau@e khdi i^finh idioa hpc xfi hd! vfi nhfin vfin chilm 22% tdng so. Trudng cdng I ^ chiira 70% vfi tu flipc Ifi 30%. jCd 49% cfic ton vi dang flipc hign cfic hoat ddng nghign eftu, 22,5% c6 tu vfin chuyin giao c6ng nghg, ehi khofing 9% cfic don'vi lfi cd cfic hogt d$ng sfin xuit
Nhdm 2 Ifi cfic doanh nghigp dupc sir dung nhu nh6m ddi chihig. Sd mlu thu t h ^ vk dgt yfa c4a Ifi 120 mSu, trong do DN sfin xult chilm 59%, Thuong mgi 19% vfi Djch vp 22%.
4.1. Phin tfch NhSn t6 khfim phfi Phfin tich nhfin td khfim phfi (EFA) dupc flipc hifa cho cfic ylu td v l Hinh fliftc lifa kit vfi Lpi ich lifa kit tft dtt lifa cfta nl^m trudng DH vft * t lifa ddi chftng tft nhdm DN.
Vigc phfin tich nhfa td trfa kit qufi ciia nh6m tru6ng DH cho thiy cd 5 nhdm nhfin td dupc rftt tridi tft 32 biln do ludng Hhih thftc Ufa kit vfi Lpi Idl lifa kit, gifii flifch 72% biln flii£n cua chuSi da Ufa. DQ ligu td nhdm DN cbo thdy cd 6 nhdm nhfin td dupc khfim phfi, gifii thich 75% sp biln thifa cfta dtt ligu.
4.2. Phuvng thfrc Ma k i t vfi Mdc df Ii£n k i t
Doanh nghiip hd trg Dgi hgc trong ddo tgo:
trong dd phia DN cung c ^ cho trudng DH cfic kiln flidc tft ngfinh cdng nghigp flidng qua v i ^ cfic cfin bf cua DN se fliam gia hudng din gifing dgy, tham gia bign sogn/hr vin/dfinh gifi chuong tiinh dfio tgo cho tiudng DH. Gdi vfi nh&n SV thpc tfip. Hogt dfag nfiy dupc iMnh
^fi Ifi lit c4n thilt d l nfing cao chit hrpng dfio tgo, g ^ kit dfio tgo vdi nhu clu e ^ g n^iigp.
'DH hd trg ttryin difng ddo tgo vd nghiin cdu, chuyin giao cdng ngh? cho DN:
trong dd phia trudng DH cung c ^ cho DN
cfic Idin fliftc; sfin^f^M^tteO nhp d k cda B3^ ^ vfi hEji' bfa cdng r^Eb dupc n h O ^ Ipi Mi, dfing k l ^ ^ ^ : t g ' A t ^ ^ q u a ^ c ho^t ^ n g i , nhu tnidng^DH ttr'v&i efao DN vl i ^ i f a ^ eftu, tru6ng DH thpc blfa cfic n ^ f a cuW chl tgo thep ^OR d ^ h#ig c i ^ DN, tnidng,!
DH chuyin giao cfic k ^ ^(^.i^hiSn c i ^ ( | ^ DN, phdi hpp nghifa a f i a , < ^ tgo I ,:;^
- DN cung cSp thiit 6/ cho truong DH hinh thdc nfiy dl' c§p i 3 ^ cfio hogt d$ng h3 trp, hpp tfie mfi cfic-doaidi n^ufp Idn, efag nghf cao sS cd flvl eung c ^ tnmg fliilt b | c^o trudng DH dl phpc vp cdng ^ nghign cfti^t
vfi gifing dgy. ^ Trong khf dd, dpa trfa dfinh gifi cila tM,
phfa tfch nhSn td cho % ^ cd 4 Unh thftclifa kit sau:
- DN tham gia vfio hogt dfng dfio tgo ^a^
trudng DH. J - DN phdi hpp/tilp nhfa kit qufi nghi^ft^
eftu vfi Chuyin giao cdng nghf tft DH ^ - DN nhfa tu vln vft phdi hpp vdi D l T trong dfio tgo.
- DN cung d p fiiill bj/c8ng nglif" chS->
DH.
Nhu v^y, hlnh thftc hpp tfie thft 2 trong qufn dilm cjia tru&ng DH ^ bao gdm hlnh fliftc 2 vfi 3 theo quan dilm cfta DN. Sp dlddi vdi DN, cfic hogt dfng nfiy dupc phSn logi nfing tl bdi vl hogt dpng nghifn cdu vfi dfio tgo thufc vl 2 chftc nfing rigng bigt trong DN, trong khi c ^ hogt dfng nfty dupc hpp n h ^ trorig ho|it d^ng cua trudng BH.
Kit quft bfing 1 cho ttly dfinh ^ ciia trudng DH vft DN vl mdc df thudng xuyfa cfta cfi^
hlnh thftc nfiy.
Tnmg 40
UkP CHi PHAT TRIEN KHACN, T^P 17, SO Q4 - 2014 Bang I. Phuong thdc vft Mife dfi lifa k^
M f a df Ufa I d l - t f r qeaa dilm trudng fiH Oonbach
alpha Ooanh n g h i ^ hd tip D g i h p e t e n ^ ^ t e o
fiH hStrp tuyin dung, dfio ^ vfi n ^ f a eftu, diuyln giao cfing n ^ f
choDN
DH nhfa diilt bj/cdng nghf tfr DN
Trung
binh Mdc df lifa k l t - t d quas diem DN
3^jj Doanh n g h i ^ hfi trp Dai hpc trong dfto tgo
Cronbach
^pha
DH dfio tao, ho trp t i ^ n dung cho DN DN [Adi hpp/tilp nhfin kit qufi n ^ i f a cdu vi Chujflfa giao efag n ^ 6
t&DH DN tfii trp fliiit bj/cong
nghf cho DH
*^ = r^dtud^x,g>en. I--rdi khdng Ihudngxuyin/khdngce Ngudn: Ket qud cua nghiin cuu n^
Bfag dft Iifu trfa dfiy to flily rtng mdi lien kit efta cfic tnrdng DH vdi DN trong cfic hogt dfag fliufc khia cgnh dfio tgo hifn nay chua mgnh vfi fliufa Ipi nhu mong dpi cua cfic nhfi qufa 1^ cfic khoa/bf mfn/trang tfim tai cfic trudng DH. Nhln tfr gdc df DN, tit ca cfic hogt dfng lifa kit nfiy dupc dfinh gifi d mftc dudi trung bhih.
Dftng trtn gdc df cua cfic tnrdng DH, mdi li«D kit tnidng DH - DN trong nghien eftu vfi chuyin giao cfing n ^ g ylu hon mfii lign kit trong dfio tgo. Tit cft efic hogt dfng lifa kit trong nghifa eftu v^ chuyin giao cfing nghf diu dupc dfinh gift dudi Uung binh (3).
4 J . L p i l c h L i £ n k l t
O c lpi fch sau khi phfa tfch nhfa td dirpc d a a flifinh: Lpi fch tft Lifa kit dfio tgo vfi Loi ldi tfr hpp tfie n ^ i f a eftu. Dfag tile Ifi mftc df phfa bift gitta cfic hinh fliftc Ipi ich chua du ldn d l tpo ra nhttng nhfa td "Ipi ich" cp flil hon.
Tnmg binh
Lpi fch tfr^ lign kit dfio tpo ddi vdi DH: t|p tnmg vfto cfic I<;H fch lifa quan din sinh viSn nhu tfing eudng ky nfing mim, kinh nghifm, khfi nfag tim vifc vfi mftc df sfin sfing cho cfing vigc tuong lai, tfag cudng tfnh thpc tiln ciia chuong trinh dfa tgo.
Lpi fcb tfr lien kit nghifa cftn ddi vdi BH:
bao gdm cfic Ipi fch tfti chinh vfi phi tfii chfnh nhu. tfag eudng trang fliiit bj phyc vy dfio tgo vfi n ^ i f a cdu, tfing cudng ngufin fliu, tfing cudng nfing lpc dfi ngfi vfi hinh ftnh cua tnrdng.
Cfic Ipi fch cua DN mfic du cung dupc phfa chia vfio 2 nhdm, nhung cfic ylu td thftnh phin cd ddi diftt khfic bift
Lpi Ich tfr lign kit dfio tao ddi vdi DN: tfip tmng vfto cfic Ipi (ch lien quan den nfing cao nfag lpc ngudn nhfa Ijie nhu tuyin dyng, dfto tgo, qufag ba hinh fah DN din sinh vifin vft XH ndi chung.
Trang 41
Science &Technology DeTctopttent, Toi 17, Ne.Q4 - UU Lpi icb tfr lifa kit nghien cfru d ^ v$i DN:
bao gdm cac lgn fch tfii chi'nh ^ [^i tfti chinh nhu chuyen giao cdng n ^ , tilt kifai chi |Af nghifin eftu, hay tfag cirfmg uguon Iin; dio nghifin c d a
Tuy danh gifi mdc_dp lifa kit (Bang 1) cdn thip, nhung ca 2 phia trudng DH vfi DN dfiu danh gifi Ipi fch dem lgi tfr Hfin kit cao hon, ^ c bigt Ifi nhdm tnrdng OH. Dfii vdi nhdm nfiy, bong khi mdi Ufa kit trang dao tgo cd gifi tri chi dupc dftnh gifi d mftc df tnmg binh, Ididng nhu mong dpi cfta trudng DH, flil phia trudng
DH^^i dfi^fffi khfi cao cfic lpi fch do h h f ^ ' mdi H f a l ^ dd dfim lgt. Bilii Mfn lfi h4u%^' gifi tri triUig }Ml cfa efic b i ^ Ipt ieh ; ^ t i t f a muc trung binh v^'khfi cao, ^c h^f'^'^g., cudng kinh nghigm thpc tiln vfi k^ nfing'>(fe sinh vifn. Ddi vdi nhdm ON,, dfinh g i i v l l ^ i'ch nhfa duqc cik hp ^ i l p hon'hfa^So'l^dJ nhdm tnidng BH, ^ nbiTt^dt^ cd lpi i^ofij Ipt ieh Tuyin dpng dupc nhfa vifin tfr n g ^ n SV flipc tfp, vft Nfing.cao hlnh fah DN ddi vdi ; xfi hfi vfi SV, ftiy nfcdi^ cfiag,chl d; m f t c ^ x | J tnmgblnh. '..••'• ,h \-.M
Lpi fch lifin k i t - t f r quan dilm trirfhtgDH Lpi fch tfr Iifin kit dfio tgo L ^ fch tft Ufa kit nghifin
cfru
Bang 2. Lpi ich Iifin kit Cronbach
dpha 0.9398
0.9096 Trung
binh 4.06 3.3
Lpi fch lifin kit ^ tir q u a n d i l | a D N , Lpi fch tfr lifn kit dfa
tgo Lpi Ich tfr Ufa kit
nghifin eftu
O r o ^ ^ ^
• tdpha "
0.9211
0.9173
S
.2.93J
*5=riidongp, I =rdtkhdngddngf
Ngudn: kit qud cda nghiin cihr ndy Mfic dft mftc df Iifin kit trong NC&CGCN
Ifi khfi thip lAung tuong tp nhu dfa tgo, nhttng hogt dfng nfiy vln mang Igi Ipi (eh d tdt hon (trung binh - cao) eho trudng DH, tuy nhifin DNflii dfah gifi Ipi fch ^ tfr cfic hogt dfng nfiy khfng dfag kl. Cfi hai phfa ( ^ cho ifing Ipi
4.4. Tuvng quan gjfra hlnh (fade lifin kit vfi Ipi fch lifn kit
Bfing 4! Ma trfn tuong quan gifta Ipi fch lifin kit vfi hinh fliftc Iifin kit ddi vdi Trudng DH.
fch tft vigc qufag bfi vfi nfag cao hlnh fa^Iigf tfn trong xft hfi Ifi dfing quan tfim, dfiy cDng^
dilu mfi cfic mrdng DH cd flil fliuylt phpc DN fliam gia cfng tfie nhilu hon trong mdi Ufa kit v\ nhttng Ipi fch dfti hgn hon Ift trudc mfit ^ ' * *
%
Peanon Coirelation
HT-DVDT&CGCN
*• Correlation is significant at 1 LIBT
1 .53l'">
Mi-"' ,285'"' .165 a 0.111 level Q
LINC
1 .380'"1 .6I7'">
.514'"'
•tailed)
HT-TGDT
1 .43SI"' .304<">
HT- DVfiTSCOCN
I .44gl"l
HT^orSs!
.: •• 1
. •., r
• -••"•
-
M
Trang 42
JAP c a f PHAT THIIM KHACN, T^P 17, SO Qi - 2014 l^T: CSc^ KA &0n kit inms^^ao tao^fdu SV)
l-B^: Cdc l^ khiir tiai H^OongNCvd CGCN lfP-TGBT:DN tham j^a vdo ho0 Sdng txa Iruang DH ii^^^T^^^^l^:f>H£ai^cdp£divuDTvdCGCNchoDN
^f^-^^^^J^I^ ctmg e^dd& la/cdng n^ cho BH
^^^AemaV^ miOma ffavdo BTc6 tamg fpm cd f t^sa: flid^ fee vdi ca lpi ich fflo ^ 1 * Ipi fdi i^iifa cfrB, ttdng 06 ttamg 9>fa«Ki?i fdi Ofipl^ Idn bmi. m i h Atte lifa
^aa^c4ft^hv¥DTvd CGCN cho DNc6 lura^tpra yfa V(H lpi idi a&) t ^ i ^ m g khfi n^nh vdi Ipi.fcli n^dfa <^n vfi imdi idifrc h ^
^ tamg i4>th^bf edng a^ibdage&taaag 9 » i v ^ Lpi fcb dfio t9o nhung khfi m^idi v «
BiBg 5: Ma tifn tuong qoan g S a lgi idl lifa kit vfi Wnh didc lifa kit ddi vdi DN Lpi Idl f^^iifa era. Nhu vfy, ih qua nfiy chdng nrinh tfim ipian trpng cua viec lifa kk vdi DN, tit cfi cac hmh thfrc lifa kit diu ed mdi biong quan manh wM Ipi idi v l NCKH, ifi m ^ h o ^ dpi^ quan t r ^ ^ vdi dudng DH.
I ^ n t i c ^ ttnmg tpAipe fl^n; Mfa cho nhfai DN:
Conolalion
**Ciw«latfanii LIDT
I
: 3 0 3 ' " '
.323'"' s^t^kxaaat
LINC
2 6 9 "
'
.451""'
^ 6 8 " " ' .419'"' Hm 0.01 level C
HT-TGDT
1 M&~' .4«3'">
Mi'-I -taHeill.
HT-CGCN
1 .482'"' .444'"'
HT-CCTB
1 J O * " '
HT-DTNL
<|
T6ni bi, phin tich teong quan cho dt hai nhOm dm Ihly tim quan song cua vifc lioi k&
gifla nhi tmftng v i doanh nghi^ thdng qua nhik hinb dnic khjc nhan.
UT-CGCNtDmifyriifnkitquaNCviCGCNtitmdngDH
^•CCTBiDNaingcdplhi&l^congHg^clmSH Kit qni lit Bing S d n Ihiy cic Hhdi thic
h g i lie Hin CO tuong qum c6 ; nghra Ihdng ke d&i vdi cic Loi kfa lioi^ Lifin kfit < ^ 190 v i
"HI k « nghifin cfiu. Tuong quao niy tuong dm cae giSa 19nh H ^ 7t4» nApi kit qaa NC
"i CaaiH mdng BHyi Cnng c^, tuit by e * g 1 ^ ofto 2>ff vdi Ioi ich liong dio 190 nhan IBC v i nghifin lAn ddi vdi DN. Dilo niy pM kfli vd! thin: tl ho«t d§ng. hong dd cic EW 1$ vtmg vio Ivi <ch cd dnoc Kr uai k<t
• « l l ^ cdo - cfany^ giao cdng n ^ dfi ning cao bttfe d«c&ig n ^ cho ho.
4 J C i c yin tS tjo Ihnfn igrj c t o Ufin kit Tft vific khing djnfa tim quan bong ciia ho9t ddi« lifin kit, nghifin cfiu niy ciing tim kilm cic jIu tl 150 Ihuin loi cho vice xiy dimg lifin kfit t t hai pUa, i 4 i m n ^ v i doanh nghifip.
Cic >& td niy duoc tiinh b ^ trong Bang 6.
Tiong phin niy, chiing ldi Kp ttung vio tfmg ylu ID lhu»i kri dou id nfin khdng th(rc hifin Trang 43
^i
ScicBce AlechBologf Derelopamt, V(ili7,No.(i«- 2014
phin ticfa nhin t l khim phi bong nhdm ylu td niy^ < i ^ . r Bang tk Cic ylu td t?o tbu$n 1^ . , . T R I f f t N G B ^ I K p C
Yen td Mdi quan hfi ca nhan.
NSng Iuc, uy tin, chit luong tradng DH.
Loi ich cia tradng DH.
Xu hudng toin cau hoa.
Chlnh sich ttudng DH.
NSng luc v i Uy tin efia DN.
NhSn thi^ v l ttich nhifm m hdi CiiaDN.
Ap luc c ^ tranh cua cic ttudng DH.
Hfi thdng td chfic tradng DH.
Mfic dd phit biln cua nin kinhti.
N 131 131 131 131 131 131 131 131 131 131
TB 3.84 3.72 3.64 3.58 3.52 3.46 3 J 9 3.37 3.35 3 J 4
DLC .975 .951 .869 1.018 .940 .905 1.150 1.071 1.032 1.042
b o % N H N G R I $ P • . , Y l u t d
Nhgn thfrc v i b i c h i nhifim xa hdi cua £!M Xu hudng toil) ciu hoi.
Loi ich cfiaDN Mftc dd phit triln cda bin kinh tl.
Ning luc v i Uy tin ciia DN.
Ning Ivtc, uy tin, chit luong mrdng DH.
N 110 113 112' 112
'»,
113 TB 3.46 3.3'7 3.36 :3l33 3,31 3.21
BLg 1
• 1.021'^ \
' ! *
IJM, j .!^;|
•9S'!:i
*^i
ujai
'ilj
--IITJI
'S-^it quantrong. I = ril khdng quan trgng
'41
Nguon: kit qud Tdng c$ng c6 13 ylu td dupc dua vfio khfa sfit, Bfag 6 U^t k£ cfic ylu td cd mue d$ quan trpng tuong ddi (cd trj trung binh > 3). Theo dd, phfa mrdng DH dua ra 10 ylu td tirong ddi t90 thufa Ipi cho v i ^ xfiy dpng mdi quan h§
vdi DN trong khi DN chi xfic djnh 6 ylu td cd thi tfific diy mdi quan h§ nfiy. Tuy nhifa. nhln chung khdng cd ylu td don le nfio dupe dfah gifi Ifi quan trpng (cd di trung binh > 4). Gida hai nhdm cttng cd sp tamg ddng khi diu d l cfp din cfie ylu td "Uy tin, danh tilng", "Lpi idl" vfi "Xu hudng tofa c^u hofi". Nhu ^ y , Danh tilng efia hai phfa gifip thufa Ipi cho vifa xfiy dpng lifa kit vft chfnh nhang lifin kit nfiy T r a n g 44
Clio nghiin cuu ndy
lpi Ifim tfing th€m danh tilng cho hp (xem thfal phin lpi fch Uen kit). Khi xfiy dpng U f a k l ^ t ^ ' hai phfa cung diu quan tfim ylu td "Lpi ich"^ • do v|y, m§c dii phfa DN xem vi$c ,nh|hl fl dupc vl Trfich nhifai xfi hOi sS gidp vifc Wnh flifah Ufa kit d l dfag hon, nhung hp v & ( ^ nhihig Ipi ich thpc sp t^o ra td ho9t d^ng nfty.
Cfi hai phfa cho rfag "Jiu ha6tig tokn clu hojf s6 gdp p h ^ thdc diy thfan nhftng lifa kit ni^..
Xu hudng nfiy dupc bilp hifa qua ho^t dfag ci^a cfic edngty da qude gia. Hifa nay nhdm cfa edr^ ty nfiy I^Jihdni cM d<ktg vfi xfiy dpng dupc nhilu h o ^ d ^ J ^ t e l d t vdi trudng BH.
Dilu nfiy vda tpo ^ hiie vim didc diy cfa DN
trang n m ^ phfii x ^ ^ m © nhang andi Kfa k i t . nfiy.
Nghifa euu nfiy dfi xfiy du^g ftang do cho biln "Hinh flnk Ii£n kir vfi "Loi ich lifa kll".
Nghifa Cihi cDng ^ i d i f a g dinh dupc tam quan lrw« cua cfic hoat ddng Ufa ^ t vdi Ipi fch trong dfio tao vfi nhifin cdu ddi vdi cfi hai lAla.
Nhu v|y, boat dfag lien kit Ifi ho^ ddng ^ i i ^ cfing cd lpi vfi chdng cfa dupc thiic dfiy hon nOa khi mfi thuc t l hifa nay, cfic hoat dfag nfiy cdn khfi tfiua flidt (vl dd thudng xuyfa) vfi thfl so (vl hinh ftdc). Nghifa cdu eiia chdng tdi cang ehi ra rfag Danh tilng ciia 2 phia Ifi y & td quan trpng d l xfiy dpng lifa kit. tuy
•nhifa mdi quan h^ efi nhfa giOa cic gifing vifa.
nhfi ngUfa cliu cfla tnrimg DH Iai Ifi ylu td quan h w g d l xiic tifa mdi lifa kit nfiy.
T A I L l f u THAM KHAO [l].Dfag Qude Bfio vfi Biii Ddc Tfi (2007).
Mdi lifa kit gida 'mmg tfim hudng nghifp dpy nghl vfi Doang nghifp. Tgp chl khoa hpc_Dgi hgc Dd Ndng, Sd 19.
[2].Guan, Jian Cheng; Richard C M . Yan vfi M(dcChiu Kam (2005). Collaboration between industry and Researeh instinrtes Univwsities on industrial innovation in Beijing, Chuut Technology Analysis A Sb-ate^c Aiane^ement, Vol. 17, No. 3, p.339-353.
T4P CHi PHAT TRIEN KH&CN, TAP 17, SO Q4 - 2014
[3].Harman G (ZOOlXIhe drawbacks of mdustiy partoMships. Campus Review.
July 25-31, p. 9.
[% Heidrick, Ted, John Kramers, vfi Marc C.
Godm (2005 September). Derivmg value frwn IndiBtiy - University Partnerships: A case s t u ^ of die adranced eogmecring maimals centre. Engmeering managemau Joanwd; Vol.17, hfo.3.
Viec xay dpng fliang do eho "Hinh thdc Iifin k i f vfi "Lpi ich lifa kfiT g i ^ trumig DH vfi DN cd thi d l dfing hon khi <Knh gifi cfic ho^t d p i ^ lien kit, qua dd cd dupc nhung nhfa dinh vfi ^ l u chmh cho cac hoat dpng nfiy. Cac yfiu
^ tfie dfag cung Ifi thong tin gifip cho mrdng DH vfi DN hilu dpng co cua Ufin kll vfi nfim dupc nhftng ^ u mdi d l cd flil xuc tiln cfic boat ddng nfiy. Tuy nhifin dfi cd thi xfiy dung nhdng gifii p h ^ mang tinh tofa difn va ben biJng, tnrdng DH cfin hilu nguyen nhfa cua su ylu kfai trong cfic mdi Ufa kit vfi khofag cfich gida hai phia khi hinh thfah Iifin kit. Trong nhttng bfii bfio sau, chfag tdi sg di sfiu vfio nghifin cdu vl nhfing n^iyfa nhfa nfiy vfi nhtag md hhih phii b ^ dh htah flifah vfi duy tri cfic hoat ddng Hfa k i t
[5]. Jones-Evans. Dylan, and Magnus Kloftten (1998). The Role of the university in the tMhnoloa' transfer process: a European view. Science & Public Policy 25(6): 373- 380.
[6].Kiilanan (2012), Univereity Technology Transfer fectors as Predictors of Entrepreneurial Oriaitation; Administrative Issues joumal: Education. Practice and Research, Volume 1, Issue I.
[7]. Santoro. M.D. (2000),Success Breeds Success: TTie Linkage between Relationship Imensi^ and Tangible Outcomes in Industiy-University Collaborative Venmres,A)urnfl/ of High Technology Managemem Research, Vol.
II, Issue 2:255-273.
[8]. T r ^ Anh Tfii vfi Trfa Vfa Tfag (2009).
Liin kil giua trudng dgi hgc vd doanh nghifp trong hogt dgng ddo tgo vd nghien cuu. NXBDHQGHN.
Traog 45
