LY LUAN & THUC TIEN
NGHIEN CUU LUA CHON BAI TAP PHAT TRIEN SUC BEN CHUYEN MON CHO DOI BONG BA NAM
TRLTONG DAI HOC DAN LAP HAI PHONG
•:• THS. NGO QU6C HUT^G
Bong 6a la mon the thao thi dau tap the doi khang tri/c tiep nen yeu cau the IUc rat cao. Oac trUng nhat cua the IUc trong bong 6a la su'c ben, nen tang trong hoat (Jong the thao noi chung va trong cac mon bong da noi rieng. Qua thi/c te quan sat dpi bong da nam tru'dng Dai hpc Dan lap Hal Phong (DHDL HP) tap luyen va thi dau chiing toi nhan thay nen tang the IUc cua cac em con rat han che d i n den ket qua thi dau chUa cao. Do vay, nghien cu'u lUa chon bai phu hcJp co hieu qua nham phat then sCfc ben chuyen mon cho dpi la can thiet. Bang cac phUdng phap nghien cu'u thUcfng quy, de tai da lUa chpn dUdc 10 bai tap nham nang cao the IUc cho dpi va da dat dUdc ket qua bUcic dau.
Ket qua va phan ti'ch ket qua nghien cihi
1. Lira chon cdc test ddnh gid sue ben chuyen mon cho nam hpc sinh dpi tuyen bong dd trie&ng DHDL HP
Qua tai lieu tham khao, chiing tdi xac dinh dupc 5 test danh gia siic ben chuyen mdn dd la: Chay 1.500m (phiit); Di chuyen sut cau mdn 10 qua lien tue (s); Chay 5 x 30m (s); Chgy 4 x 100m (s); Chay 3.000m (phut).
De xac dinh test danh gia sire ben chuyen mdn dupe dam bao chinh xac va khach quan chiing tdi tien hanh phdng van vdi 20 can bd, giao vien, HLV va lua chon nhimg test cd ty le 70%. Qua dd chiing tdi lua chpn duoc 3 test chgy 5x3 Om (s); di chuyen sut eau mdn 10 qua lien tuc (s); chgy 1.500m (phut).
Ket qua phdng van duoc trinh bay d bang 1.
De danh gia dp tin cay ciia test qua phdng van, phai kiem nghiem bang phuong phap test I ^ Igi ( 1 ^ Igi 2 lan yeu cau ciia test each nhau 7 ngay), tren ddi tupng la 24 sinh vien ciia dpi tuyen bdng da nam trudng DHDL HP. Chung tdi nhgn thay ea 3 test deu cd r>0,7 d nguong xac suat p<0,05. Nhu vay, chung ta se sir dyng 3 test nay de danh gia
sue ben chuyen mdn cho doi tupng nghien ciiu
2. ThifC trang sue bin chityen mon cua ^i tuyen bdng dd nam tru&ng BHDL HP
Sau khi xac dinh dupc cac test de danh gia thuc trgng siic ben chuyen mon ciia dpi tuyen bong da nam trudng DHDL HP, chung tdi tien hanh Idem tra su pham tren doi tupng nghien ciiu va so sanh vdi thang diem danh gia sue ben chi^en mdn danh cho VDV bong da lua tuoi 17-18 cua Lien doan Bdng da Viet Nam (VFF).
Ket qua kiem tra siic ben chityen mdn cua dpi tuyen bong da nam trudng DHDL HP so vdi tiiang diem danh gia sire ben chuySn mon ciia VFF chiing tdi nhan tiiay, ty le % cua dpi tuyen bdng da nam tiudng DHDL HP dgt logi kha gioi chiem rat it chi cd (8-12,5%), trong do da so dgt loai trung binh (46- 50%) vayeu kem chiem (42-46%).
Rd rang, siic ben chuyen mon cua ddi tuyen bdng da nam tmong DHDL HP cdn rat han che, dieu nay dan tdi hieu qua thi dau ciia cac em dat dupc la khong cao. Vi tiie, viec lua chpn bai tgp va huan luy^
phat trien sire ben chi^en mon cho cac em ia van de c ^ tiiiet, can phai lam ngay.
Bang 1. Ket qua phong van lira chfn test danh gia sire ben chuyen mon cua doi tuyin bong da nam Trvorng DHDL HP (n=20)
STT
1 2 3 4 5
Test
Chay 1.500m (phut)
Di chuyen sut cau mon 10 qua lien tuc (s) Chay 5 X 30m (s)
Chay 4 X 100m (s) Chay 3.000m (phut)
Ket qua So nguoi tan thanh 17 18 18 13 12
phong van
Ty le % 85%
90%
90%
65%
60%
3. Lua chpn bdi t0pphdt trien sue ben chuyen mon cho dpi tuyen bdngdd nam trudng DHDL HP
Tir ket qu^ d bang 3 cho thay:
hau het cac y kien tra ldi deu Xap chung vao 10 bai tgp. Dd la cae bai tap: Chay 1 500m (phut), Chgy 5x30m; Dan bdng toe dp siit cau mdn 5 lan; Dan bdng dpc bien chuyen vao khu 5m50; Di chuyen bgt nhjly danh dau; Di chuyen siit cau mdn 10 qud lien tuc (s); Di chuyen doi cho; Bai tap vdng trdn;
Hai ngudi tranh cudp bdng; Thi dau san nhd.
Nham xac dinh hieu qua cua cac bai tgp da lua chpn trong viec phat trien sire ben chuyen mdn cho dpi tuyen bdng da nam tnrdng DHDL HP de tai da to chirc thuc nghiem su phgm ey the nhu sau.
Doi tirgng thyi: nghidm:
24 VDV dpi tuyen bdng da nam trudng DHDL HP dupc chia thanh 2 nhdm.
+ Nhdm thuc nghiem (nhdm A) 12 em tgp theo eac bai tgp ma chiing tdi da lua chpn.
+ Nhdm doi chimg (nhdm B) 12 em tgp theo cac bai tgp ma ban huan luyen dang sir dung.
Thoi gian t h ^ nghidm: 10 tuan, tuong duong vdi 20 giao an Trong do thdi gian danh cho viec
phat trien sue ben chuyen mdn la 30-40 phiit trong moi gid huan luyen.
Cach thyc hien kiem tra:
Trong qua trinh thuc nghiem cac doi tupng nghien ciru deu duoe kiem tra ban dau va kiem tra ket tfaiic sau hon 2 thang t ^ luyen.
Tdng so Ian kiem tra su pham tren doi tupng nghien ciiu la 2 lan.
Noi dung kiem tra: La eac Test da duoc lua chpn
Test 1: Chgy 5x3 Om(s) Test 2 Dl chuyen sut cau mdn 10 qud lien tuc (s)
Test 3: Chay 1 500m (phut) Su khae biet giira 2 nhdm khdng cd y nghia d ngudng xac suat P=0,05 hay ndi each khae, thanh tich ban dau ciia 2 nhdm la tuong duong nhau
Sau 10 tuan thuc nghiem vdi 20 giao an moi tuan 2 budi, thdi gian moi buoi la 30-40 phiit. Chimg tdi tien hanh kiem tra va so sanh ket qua cua 2 nhdm thuc nghiem va nhdm doi chimg sau thue nghiem, K6t qua ca 3 test lan luot la 3,03, 3,2, 2,99 > bang - 2,074, d nguong xac suat p < 0,05. Nhu vgy su khac biet giiia 2 nhdm la cd y nghTa d ngudng xac suat P<0,05. Ndi each khac, thanh tich cua nhdm thuc nghiem tot hon so vdi nhdm doi
chieu. Dieu nay chimg td rang, cac bai tgp ma chiing tdi dua ra va nghien cuu, lua chpn da cd hieu qua rd ret.
Theo quan sat trong qua trinh tap luyen, nhdm thuc nghiem ludn ed tinh than va thai dp tap luyen nghiem tuc hon trong khi thuc hien cae bai tap mdi Dieu nay eho thay hieu qua ciia bai tap khdng nhimg d thanh rich ma cdn d tam ly tap luyen
Ket luan
Qua nghien ciru, chung tdi lua chon dupc 10 bai tap phat tnen sire ben chuyen mdn eho nam hpc sinh ddi tuyen bdng da trudng DHDL HP. Cac bai tap dd la: Chay 1 500m (phiit); Chay 5x30m, DSn bdng toe do sut cau mdn 5 lan; Dan bdng doe bien chuyen vao khu 5m50;
Dl chuyen bat nhay danh dau, Di chuyen siit cau mdn 10 qua lien tue (s); Di chuyen doi chd, Bai tap vdng trdn, Hai ngudi tranh cudp bdng; Thi dau san nhd,
Cac bai tap ma chimg tdi lua chon qua thuc nghiem da ed hieu qua trong viec phat tnen sire ben chuyen mon cho dpi tuyen bdng da nam trudng DHDL HP, Ket qua da dupc kiem nghiem bang toan hpc thong ke dgt dp tin cgy d ngudng xac suat thong ke P<0,05 •
