Anh Dieu Ngo
TIM HIEU V E T H A I DO HOCTAP CUA
TANG, NI SINH HOC VIEN PGVN
TAITHANHPHOHOCHIMINH
# Thich Khong Tu
DAT VAN DEiTi/thap nien 60 cua the ki XX, UNESCO da vach ro ba thanh to cau thanh muc tieu cua hoc van la: l<ien thirc, l<y nang va thai flo, Ba thanh to nay quan he hufu co vdi nhau ciing tao nen hieu qua giao due. Trong do, thai dp hoc tap phan nao quyet dinh de'n ket qua hoc tap ciia ngUcti hoc vi day la mot trong nhu'ng yeu to tam ly co ban anh hitdng xuyen suot ca tien trinh hoc tap. Doi v6i giao due Phat giao cung vay, khi tang, ni sinh (TNS) co thai do hoc tap tich CLTC ho se vui ve, say me, chu y, yeu thfch viec hoc tap chu- khong phai hpc vi mot sire ep nao ca. Thai do hoc tap tich cUc con giiip TNS kien tri vdi muc dich de ra, luony thiJc viron len khac phuc kho khan de hoan thanh nhiem vu hpc tap.
34.
AP CHI f-JGHIEr^ c u u PHAT HOCThai dd hoc t i p la gl?
Tff di^n ti^ng Viet, djnh nghia thdi dp la: "Tong the ndi chung nhdng biiu hien ra ben ngodi (bdng nit mat, cdchi, ldi noi, hdnh ddng) cOa y nghi, t'inh cdm doi vdi ai hodc doi vdi su viic ndo dd"^
Chffng ta c6 t h ^ xem thai dp hpc tap nhff Id y thffc ben trong dUdc bieu hien ra b§n ngodi bang nhffng xdc cam, nhffng hdnh vi trong hpc tap. Trong hpc tap, ed hai loai thdi dd la thai dd tfch cue vd thai dp tieu cue
Bieu hi^n cua thdi dp tfch cue nhu t u giac, tfeh cffe, chii ddng, say me, hffng thff hpc tap,... Bleu hien cCia thai dp tieu cffe nhU: be tre, chan ndn, thd d, thieu nghiem tue,...
Thai tfd hoc tSp cua TNS Hoc vien 6Mc b i l u hi^n nhitfth^n^o?
€)i tim hi^u b i l u hien thdi dp hoe tap eCia TT^S Hpc vien, tac gid sff dung phUdng phap nghien cffu chfnh Id dieu tra b^ng bdng hdi, phdng van sdu vd thong ke toan hpe.
Sau khi tiep xdc, quan sdt, tim hieu so bd thai dd hpe tdp cffa TNS, tac gid soan thdo phieu thu thap thdng tin Id mdt bdng hdi gdm 10 cau vdi thang do 5 mffc dp tff chffa bao gid din r^t thffdng xuy^n, tuong ffng vdi diem so tff 1 den 5. Ket qua khdo sat diia vao diem trung binh cdng, cd the quy djnh ve cac mffc nhu sau: tff 4,1 den 5,0:
rit thudng xuy#n; tff 3,5 din 4,09: thudng xuyen; tff 2,50
Anh: Chf Gidc Thdng
den 3,49: thinh thoang; dudi 2,49: hiem khi. Nghien edu dffpc khdp sat tren
Hoang Phe (chu bien) (1994), Tff dien tieng Viet, Nxb Khoa hpc xd hdi, tr90.
1.323 TNS he chfnh quy cua Hpe vien. Trong dd, ve gidi tfnhed 140Tang sinh vd 183 Ni sinh.
Ket qua khdo sat thue trang that dd hpc tap ciia TNS Hpc vien dupc bieu hien d bang 1 nhU sau:
Bdng 1. Thai dp hoe tap eua TNS Hpe vien Bleu hien thai dp hoetap.T6ng hdp ehung TBXBTBXBT
Giditinh.TangNLXB. B
1 Tich ciic hpe tap de dat ket qua cao nhat, Hodn thdnh mpi nhiem vu giang vien giao phd. v^ thoai mai trong hpe tap. Cam thay hpc tap tren Idp met mdi nen thdi gian edn lai tranh thu giai tri, Idm viec khac. Ty giac, chit ddng trong hpc tap. Ludn kh^e phue nhffng khd khan de hoan thdnh nhiem vy hpc tap. Nghiem tue trong kiem tra, thi eff. Chu y, hang hai tham gia vao mpi hinh thffe eua boat ddng hpe tap. Thiet lap vd phat trien cdc mdi quan he thay trd, huynh de ciing trudng de hoe tap tot han
Khdng hai Idng khi thay huynh de dong hpc thieu ng- hiem tue trong gid hpe
Ghi chLJ:TB:Trung binh; XB: Xep bdc
Nhin chung qua khdo sat thuc trang d bdng 1, phan tong hop chung, bieu hien thdi do hpe tap dau tien dUPeTNS Hpc vien lUa chpn eho vj trf xep bae thff 1/10, vdi diem so trung binh cao nhdt, dupe the hien d mffe thudng xuyen, do Id "Tugidc, chu ddng trong hgc tdp"{lB
= 3,87). Cd the thay TNS Hpc vien y thffc rd rang viec hoc tap cCia minh xuat phat tff chinh nhu cau ben trong, do do sinh vien se ddnh tam huyet, thdi gian cho viee hpe mdt each tdt nhat. Xuat phat tff y thffc t y giac, chii ddng khien TNS cam thay hpe tap la mot hoat ddng thiet thUe, cd ieh cho bdn than nen hp hpe tap trong sy phan khdi, thieh thii. Vi the thudng xuyen cd bieu hien "Vui ve, thodi mdi trong hgc tap" (TB = 3,81), xep bdc thff 2/10. Hoc vdi y thffe t y giac va tam the sdn sdng, vui v^ da tao nen ddng lye manh me thdi thiic TNS khdng ngffng hudng den viec tim tdi tri thffc mdi nham bo sung, nang cao von kien thffc eiia minh, ddng thdi vUPt qua nhffng khd khan de hoan thanh nhiem vu hoe tap da de ra, vl vay bieu hien "Ludn khdc phuc khd khdn dihodn thdnh ki hogch hoc tdp" ciing duoc the hien d mffc dp thudng xuyen (TB = 3,79).
Ni sinh Huynh Ngpc M (Phdp danh Thdnh H, Idp Dgi cuong, khda 9) phat bieu: "Trong hoc tap, tdi ludn cdu tUn, khdng tu mdn khi dgt dugc nhdng muc tieu di ra; khdng chdn ndn tuti vi nhdng gi chUa dat dugc".
Ket qua hoe tap ra sao phu thupc vao nhieu yeu td tac dpng tff mdi trUdng xa hpi den mdi trUdng hpc tap, mdi trudng tu tap d cac Ty vien va cd bdn than TNS, song thai dd hpc tdp tfch eye la yeu td ludn can thiet de hoat ddng hoc tap dat ket qud tot nhat.
Trong de tai nghien cffu ve Odng co hoc tap cua TNS Hpe vien Phat giao cho thay ly do TNS thi tuyen vao Hoc vien nhSm tim hieu kien thffc Phdt hpc d cap do cao hon;
TAP CHf NGHICN cffu PHAT HpC ^ ^ S*«mnjdy li/B7r"-
va myc dich hpc tap dau tien cua TNS la ren luyen pham chat, nhan each ngudi tu si Phat giao. Chung ta thay, d TNS ket qua hpe tap dat ra khdng hoan toan nam d diem sd ma quan trpng han do la tinh than hpc tap ludn hudng ve myc tieu nang cao tri thffc va hoan thien nhan each ngudi de tff Phat bao gid cung duac quan tam, chii y, dieu do dupe the hien qua thai dp "Tfch cUc hgc tap de dgt kit qud coo n / j a f d mffc thudng xuyen (TB-3,76).
Ngoai ra cac bleu hien "Hoan thanh mpi nhiem vu giang vien giao phd"
(TB = 3,69), "Nghiem tuc trong kiem tra, thi cCf" (TB ^ 3,60) va "Thiep lap vd phdt trien cdc moi quan he thdy trd, huynh di dong hoc nhdm giup bdn thdn hgc tap tdt hon"
(TB - 3,58) cung dUOc the hien thudng xuyen dTNS Hpc vien, nhffng bleu hien nay phan anh viec thyc hien quy ehe, ne nep va npi quy hoe tap trong nha trudng kha tdt.
Ben canh do de tang cUdng sU say me, hffng thu hoc tap TNS ciing biet each thiet lap cac mdi quan he thay trd, ban ddng tu nham giup ban than hpc tap tdt hOn.
Ni sinh Nguyen Thi U (Phdp danh Minh T, ldp Phat gido Viet Nam, khoa 8) chia se ve thai do hoc tap ciia minh: 'ThUc hien tiin do hgc trin trUdng, Idp ki hoach hgc tdp vd thuc hien nghiem tuc, tgo mdi quan hi kien thdc gida cdc mdn hgc, tao diiu kien thiit lap cdc moi quan he thdy trd, ban be giup bdn thdn hgc ngdy cdng tdt han, tich cUc hgc tap dedgt /cef qud tor" That dp hpc tap nghiem tuc nhu vay khien TNS Ccim thay "Khdng hdi Idng khi thdy huynh di dong hoc thiiu nghiem tuc trong gidhgc", tuy nhien bieu hien nay chi thinh thoang chff chUa thudng xuyen (TB = 3,01).
Dae biet, bleu hien "Cam thd'y hgc tap trin Idp met mdi nen thdi gian cdn lgi tranh thu gidi tri, Idm viic khdc" hiem khi xdy ra (TB - 2,82) cho thay TNS
Hpc vien danh nhieu thdi gian cho viec hpc, ngoai hpe tap ra hp it ehu y va tham gia cac hoat ddng glai trf khac.
Sau gid hoc d trUdng, eac TNS phai tham gia vao cac hoat dong phat sU va thdi khda tu tap nhUng ho v i n dau tuthdi gian cho viec t y hoc, t y nghien cffu cua minh.Tang sinh Thai Van TU (Phdp danh Phdp Hanh, Idp Dgi cUOng, khda 9) chia se: "Ngodi gid hoc tren Idp, khi trd vi chua tdi ddnh nhieu thdi gian cho cho viic len mang tim tdi lieu hay doc sdch de tich luy them kie'n thdc bo sung cho viec hgc tren Idp".
Tren day la bffc tranh tong the bieu hien thai dp hpc tap cuaTNS noi chung. Van de dat ra lieu trong bffc tranh tong the do co sy khac biet ve nhffng bieu hien tren binh dien gidi tinh hay khdng?
6 tffng bieu hien cu the, thai dp hoc tap cua Tang sinh va Ni sinh cd cac mffc the hien khac nhau. Nhffng bieu hien "Tfch cue hoc tap dat kit qud cao nhdt", "Hodn thdnh moi nhiem vu gidng viin giao phd", "Nghiem tuc trong kiim tra, thieu" duac Jang sinh the hien tieh eye hdn Ni sinh, Ngupclai d cac bieu h\en:"Vuive, thoai mdi trong hoc tap",
"TUgidc, chu dgng trong hoc tap", "Ludn khac phuc nhdng kho khdn di hodn thdnh ki hogch hoc top", 'Thie't lap vd phdt tnen mdi quan hi thdy tro, ban be nhdm giup bdn thdn hgc tdp tot hon", "Khdng hdi long khi thdy huynh di ddng
hgc thieu nghiim tuc trong gid hgc", nhffng bieu hien nay Ni sinh thUe hien tdt han so vdi Tang sinh. Dae biet d bieij hien thai dp "Cdm thdy hgc tap trin Idp met moi nin thdi gian cdn Igi tranh thu gidi tri, Idm viec khdc" Ni sinh hiem khi the hien hdn Tang sinh (TB = 2,74 < 2,91), cd the ndi Ni sinh cd tinh can cit, cham cht hpc tap, thudng tan dyng thdi gian de hpc tap, it tham gia nhffng hoat dpng md hd
cho la ton thdi gian. * Nhffvay,d tffng bieu hien tren binh dien gidi tinh eung
ed su khac biet nhd ve thai dp hoc tap. Ni sinh ed chieu hudng the hien thai do hpc tap cham chi, can eii lion Tang sinh. Ket luan va kien nghi TNS Hpc vi§n Phat giao, da the hien thai dp hpe tap tich eye vdi mffc dp thffdng;
xuyen. Nhieu TNS da cd bieu hien y thffc t y giac, hffng tiiu say me, no lye vuan len khac phye khd khan va dau tu thdi gian de hoan thanh nhiem vu hpe tap.
Qua thue trang bleu hien thai do hpe tap cua TNS nhi/
trinh bay, ehiing ta cdn nhan thay ed sU hai hda thong nhat tffy thffc den cam xiic, hanh vi hoc tap.
Dieu nay ndi len tmh than cau tien va quyet tam cao do eiia TNS trong viec tfch eye hpc tap nham dat dupe muc tieu da de ra. Can lUu y r^ng ket qua hpc tap khdng chi phy thudc vao viec nhan thffe dung dan, thai dp hpc tap tich cue, ma cdn phy thupe rat nhieu vao hanh vi hoc tdp tren Idp cung nhu ngoai gid len Idp.
De TNS cd hanh vt hpc tap manh me, phii hpp, diing dan vdi chuang trinh dao tao cff nhan Phat hpc rat can dupe sutlep tue quan tam nghien cffu eua Hdi ddng dilu hanh, giang vien va cac nha giao due Phat giao.
TAI Lieu THAM K H A O
1. Thai Van Anh (2013), "Dong cO hoc tdp cua sinh w&l Hgc viin Phdt gido Viet Nam tgi Thdnh pho Ho ChlMin^
Ludn vdn Thae si Tdm ly hgc, TrUdng DH Suphgm TP.Hl 2. Trdn Thi Minh Hdng (2011),TU hgc vd yiu td tdm 1^' bdn trong tuhgc cua sinh vien suphgm, Nxb Gido due
3. Pham Thanh Nghi (2013), Tdm ly hgc gido due, Nxb Oai hgc Qudc gia, Hd NdL
4. Huynh Vdn San (2012), Tdm ly hgc 5Upham Dglh^
Nxb Dgi hgc SU pham Tp.HCM.
3 6 TAP CHl N G H I E N c f f u PHAT HOC
