ia
CO CAU DAN SOdDONG BANG SONG CUfU LONG:
THUC TRANG VA CAC KHUYEN NGHI CHINH SACH
• ThS PHAN THUAN HQC vien Chinh tri Khu vvc IV -k ThS LAM MINH HAU
Trung tdm bdi dudng chinh tri huyen An Minh, tinh Kien Giang
9Tdtiit&(^ciudinsSIitiiMtrotigrihiliigy^iStiUddi^riittiihtiie^phattriaikiithti-xa h^Tiiricdsd^idntkhittictnmgcdcSudtasd^imiitiixuhtidiig^iMtrimdmwddmgbmg sdiigCilulorig,bidvikdSc&ptia&igv6iiMriiU,^iiyciirimtcmbaigffMtuii1idmih,ttahda tnmgffih6adMsSvdtikddiigciiagiithdaddnso,npiyaimatcdhoid&is6vdngd^gbilng sdngCiluLong titdddSxu&ctickliuySn n^chaihstidid^gimquy&iihibignguycd, Midi titikdd.
• Tlii khda: cd cSu d&n s6, biin dSi din s6, gid hda ddn s6, d&n so v&ng ty so gidi tinh.
1. Thyrc trang cff cau dSn so iV dong bang sfing Ciru Long
( ^ kit qui dilu tta din sfi vi nhi or nim 2019 cho tiiay, dfing hing sfing CCm Long (DBSCL) cfi khoing 17,3 ttif u ngufii, ting 1 trifu ngufii so voi nim 2009"'. Ciing vfii sy biln dfiivl quymfi din sfi lhi CO ciu din sfi ciing cfi nhiing hiln dfii nhit dinh.
a) Coda ddn sStbeo gidi tint Mptttpngnhitngdic tnmg eabinciiaeaeiu din sfi thep gifii tinh li t^ sfi gifii tinh eua dan SP vi t^ sfi gifii tinh khi shih.
Vdt^sdgidi tint, tf sfi niy dupc tinh bing sfi nam gioi ttln 100 nti'^'. Theo kit qua dieu tta din sfi vi nhi 6 (2009), (2019) che tiiiy, ty so gifii tinh fi DBSCL khfing efi sy tiiay dfii (99 nara/100 nu) (xem Bing 1). So voi cie vilng kinh t l - xi hfii khic ttong ci nufirc, ty so gifii tinh firDBSCL fin dinh ttong 10 nim qua.
Bang 1: Ty so gifii dnh ciia cic viing kinh te - xa hpi (nam/lOO nir)
Dac diem vung kinh te Trung du vk miSn niJi ptBa&i.
fifing bSng sfing H6ng BJc Tiy B k vk duySn b^ im&i Tning TSy Nguyin
Dong Nam B3 fifing b ^ sfiiq CQu Umg
2009 99,9 97,2 98,2 102,4 95,3 99,0
2019 100,9
98,3 99,2 101,7 97,8 99,0
(Ngudn: Phin tich sfi Ufu tii Kdt qui didu tra ciia Tdng cue thdngke, 2009,2019)
Xltoeie nhfimtofii tai Bing2cho tiiiy, t^ sfi gifii tinh din sofinhom tuoi 0-14 mfii la cap nhit (106,8 nam/100 nir) vi t h ^ nliit anhfim mfii til 80 ttfi Iln (48,4 nam/lOO nir), giam din theo dp tufii; tuy nhiln, ty so niy lai cin bing o nhom mfii 15-64. Ty
L ' ^ l U A N C H f N H T R | - S l 7 / 2 0 2 0
^
T H i r C T l f N - KINH N G H I C Msfi gifii tinh ciia 2 nhfim mfii nay khi tuong bing nhau tinng 2 tfioi dilm. nim 2009 vi 2019. Tuy nhiln, trong giai doan nay, nhom tuoi tir 80 ttfi Iln cfi xu huong giam nhanh tii 63,7 nam/100 nii (2009) xufing eon 48.4 nam/100 nii (2019).
Bang 2; Ty so gifii tinh dan so theo nhfim tuoi (nam/IOO nir) (Ngufin: Phin n'ch sfi lif u tii Kdt qua dieu ua
0-14 tllH 15-64 tuS 65 lull tii len 80tll6itliieil
108.4 j 100 65,9 63,7
106.8 100,9 69J 48.4
ciia Tdng cue thdng ke, 2009,2019) Ty sfi gifii tinh fi DBSCL co xu hufing tupng ty vfii ci nuoc, cfi sy khic bift theo cic nhfim mfii, tufii cing cao ty sfi gifii tinh cing thip, cao nhit finhfim 0-4 mfii (110,3 nam/IOO nu) vi tiiip nhit finhfim tir 80 mfii ttfilen (48,6 nam/IOO nu)'='.
VI? t^ stf gifii flhh ihi sinh, ty sfi niy dupe xie dinh bing sfi til em ttai dupc smh ra ttln 100 ttf em gii, li mpt chi sfi nhan khiu hpc, phin inh cp ciu gifii tinh cua mpt quin thi din sfi. Ty sp gifii tmh khi smh p mirc smh hpc binh thircmg la
hi 104 - 106/100 0* em gii". Net t> so giii '^
khi smh qua cic nim cua DBSCL titing gia' ^<""
2009-2019 (Bilu 1) tiu ty so niy len, xufing khfing fin dinh. Dilu niy cfi nghia ring, vifc kilm soit ty sfi gifii tinh khi sinh 6DBSCL khfing bin vimg.
b) Cadu ddn sStbeo dd tudi
Co ciu din sfi tiieo dfi tiifii li "W' "ong nhimg dJc tirung eo bin eua co eiu din sfi, cho phip dinh gii ve khi ning xuit hif n tinh ttang phy tiiupc eua din sfi eung nhu cahpi tin dyng dy Igi ciia din sfi ving va phin inh tinh ttang gii hfia din sfi tiifing qua chi sfi gii hfia din sfi.
Vdcodu din sd ving. ca ciu dan sfi cua mfit qufic gia dugc coi li ti^ng tiifii ky co eiu din sfi ving khi nhfim din sfi tti em (0-14 mfii) chiira ty ttpng nhfi ban 30% vi nhom din sfi ngufii eao mfii (tlt 65 mfii ttfi Iln) chilm ty ttpng tiiip hnn 15%'s. Theo kit qui dilu tta din sfi vi nhi 6 nim 2019, ty ttpng din sfi duoi 15 tufii firDBSCL ehilm 22% vi nhfim dan sfi tii 65 tufii ttfi ehilm 8,4%. Dilu niy cfi nghia li DBSCL dang ttong thfii ky din sfi ving. So vfii nim 2009, t^ trpng din sfi o nhfim tufii dufii 15 tufii giim 2,3% vi nhfim din so tii 65 tufii ttfi Iln ting 2,4% (xem Bing 3). Nhu vay, din nay, DBSCL vin duy tii dugc CO cau din sfi vang.
Vdtfldpbif thudc dupe xem la cM tiiu dinh gii ginh ningeiiadinsfittongdfimfiilap dfing.
Bieu 1: Ty so gifii tinh khi smh ff DBSCL qua cac nam tir 2009-2019
116 J ^
" ^ • ' \ 114.1 / 111.5
~"108J \
113 J
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 20)9 (Ngufin: Tong cyc tiiong kf, www.gso.gov.vn)
LVLUANCH[NHTR|-So7/2020
ia
Nhom tuoi
DitflStulSl 1tf15-64ttlSI 6S-f
Bing
..^
3: Cff du dan so theo nhom tuoi fi D B S C L nam 2009 v i 2019
^^^n^^, 2019
56 luong Tylf(%) Solumg Tyl«(%) .,45185.451
1.046.723 , 17.178.871 j . -
24,36 69,54 6,09 RL. 100 > < •
3.807 J68 12.013.005 1.453.0y ,. 17.273.630 j£ii
22,04 69,55 8,41 K S s 100 ,.^£.
(Ngudn: Phdn tich sd lieu tii Kdt qui didu tra eua Tdng ei^c thdngke, 2009,2019) Chi tiiu nay phdn dnh tdc dOng ciia miic smh,
miic chit d i n co cdu tudi va lye lugng lao dOng"^'. Sd U$u Bdng 4 cho thdy, t^ l l phy thudc tti em d DBSCL gidm vd t^ 10 phy thuOe chung tdng ttong giai do?in 2009-2019. Trong dd, ty le phy tiiuOc gia tdng nhanh tii 8,8% (2009) Iln 14,4% ciia (2019). Dilu ndy phdn dnh thyc te rdng, tf ttgng dan sd tu 65 tudi ttd len ed xu hudng tdng nhanh hon so vdi cdc nhdm tudi khdc vd nhu v^y, tJ 10 phy thuOc gid se ttd thdnh gdnh ndng cua dan sd trong dO tudi lao ddng, d$c bill Id d khu vye ndng thdn.
Vichls&^i hda din s6, ehi sd nay la ty sd giiia ddn sd 60 tudi ttd Iln so vdi ddn sd dudi 15 tudi tihh theo phdn ttdm. Chi sd nay la mOt ttong nhung CO sd d l khdng dinh sy gja hda dan sd. Kit qud dilu tta dan sdvd nhd dndm 2019 eho thay, chi sd gid hda todn vimg la 58,5%<^, tdng 24,3%
so vdi ndm 2009 (34,2%)'®. Nhu vay, nhdra dan
sd til 60 tudi ttd len d DBSCL ed xu htidng tdng nhanh hon nhdra dan sd dudi 15 mdi. So vdi cd nudc, DBSCL cd ehi sd gia hda dan sd cao nhdt.
Xet theo cdc dia phtrong, sd lilu Bilu 2 phdn dnh chi sd gid hda dan sd d cdc dia phirong tai DBSCL. Theo do, rinh Ben Tre la dia phuong cd chi sd gia hda dan sd cao nhdl va tiidp nhdt Id tinh Kiln Giang. Dieu nay phan anh cd sy khdc biOt ciia qud trinh gia hda dan sd d ede dia phtrong. Vi thi, kiln nghi ehinh sach thich iing ddi vdi gia hda ddn sd cdn phdi dupe tinh din ddc dilm kinh t l - xa hOi ciia mdi dia phuong cu thi.
c)Cac^ud^s6theot^nhd0hocviln Theo kit qua dieu tta dan sdvd nhd d2019, cd 94,2% dan sd tir 15 tudi ttdlln dDBSCL biit dgc, viit, tdng 2,6% so vdi ndm 2009. So vdi cdc vung kinh te - xa hOi ttong ca m ^ , tf 11 nay cao hon vimg Tay Nguyen, Trung du vd miln niii phia Bdc va thap hon cac vimg cdn lai.
Bang 4: Ty 1^ phy thu^c d DBSCL nam 2009 va 2019 (%)
I^ie phu thuic tri IM^IthuScgla 1$]^ phu thudc chung
Chung 35,0 3,8 43,8
2009 Ihanh thj
31,6 8,2 39,6
Nongthan 36,1
8,9 45,0
Chung 30,8 14,4 45,2
2019 Uiinh thj
28,6 10,8 39,3
Nong thon 32,8 12,6 45,3
(Ngufin: Phin tich sfi Liu Hi Kdt qui dieu tra dan sdcua Tdng cue thdngkd, 2003,2019)
L'rLUANCHlNHTR|-Sil7/2020
CL
THirCTI^N - KINH N G H | £ MBilu 2: Chi so gii hia din 56 theo dja phinnig ff DBSCL (%) Bin lie
Vinh Long 11^ Giang Cin Iho Hiu Giang Dfing Thip IiSVInh Long An SicTiang Bac Ueu An Giang CaMau Ki^n Giang
9.7
=S 59.4
= 59
= 58.4 B 57.7 S 57 I 55.6 : 52 : 51
Xdt vd oinh dd giio dye cao nhif, tiieo kit q u i dilu tra d i n sfi vi n h i finim 2019 cho thiy, biic tranh vl ty If d i n sfi 15 tufii trfir Iln efi trinh dfi giio dye cao nhit ft DBSCL cfi sy tiiay dfii khfing tiehcyceythliT^lfdinsfichuatfit nghifp tiiu hpe vi ehua bao gift di hpc vin chilm khi cao (So vfli n i m 2009, t^ If niy cfi xu hufing ting Iln).
Trong khi dfi, ty If din sfi 15 mfii nfir Iln tfit nghifp mmg hpe phfi thfing ehi ting nh? 3,4%
SP vfii n i m 2009"'. Sft di ty If niy khfing n'ch eye l i d o t y l f t i l e m n g o i i n h i trufing ehilm khi cao (13,0%), cao nhit so vfii cic vimg kmh t l - xi hfii khie'"". Thye t l eho tiiiy, tinh trimg ae em bfi hpc ft DBSCL ngiy cing nhilu bfti cie em hi cufin tiien dfing di chiy di cu cua nguoi ifin. Di cu efi t h i giy nhilu tic dfing dfii vfii ae em vi ehung phii dfii m i l vfii sy ehia ly, cufic sfing xa eich gia dinh, q u i ttmh hpc tip bj giin doan v i tiulu cie m ^ g lufii xi hfii. Tre em nam ehii ylu lao dfing trong cic nginh doi hfii phii efi siie khfie nhu xuc tiian hay dinh bit diuy sin, hoic bufin b i n vi bufin liu ma tuy, eon tri em nii tiiudng lim lao dfing giup vife gia dinh, mfit sfi em bi diy vip con duong mai dim"".
(Ngufin: Tfing cyc tiifing kl, 2019) Xdt vd trinh dd chuydn mdn (y thuit, ty If d i n sfi 15 mfii ttft len ft DBSCL dupc dio t?o chuyfn mfin ehilm 9,7% vao nim 2019, ting 3,1% so vfii n i m 2009"'!. Dilu niy till hifn sy chuyin biln tieh eye vl CO ciu din sfi dupc dio t?o. Tuy nhiln, so vfii cic vimg kmh tl- xi hfii, t^ If niy tiiip v i ting ehim nhit so vfii c i nufic (dfing bing sfing Hfing 27,9%; Dfing Nam Bfi: 20,8%; Trung du vi miln mil phia Bie: 18,1%, Tiy Nguyin: 13,9%)"".
So vfii nim 2009, ty If nay ehi ting Iln 3,1%; ttong khi dfi dfing bing sfing Hfing ting 8,5%, Dfing Nam Bfi ting 5,6%, Trung du v i miln nui phia Bic ting 4,4%, Tiy Nguyin ting 4,1%"*'.
Cfi thi nfii, ttong 10 nim qua, t^ If d i n sfi dupc dio tap chuyfn mfin ky tiiuit ft DBSCL efi tiiay dfii nhung chim hon so vfii cic vimg kinh t l - xi hfii khic, cho nfn ninh dfi ehuyin mfin cua d i n sfi ft DBSCL vin duy tii ft vi tii thip n h i t Dilu niy cfi nghia r i n g DBSCL vin ehua tiioit khfti
"vung tiimg" vl ttmh dfi giio dye cua ca nulk.
2. Mpt so khuyen nghj chinh sich a)Mdtsdnb$nxdt
Thunhit, tiong lOnim (2009-2019), ty so gifii tinh din sfi v i ty sfi gifii tinh khi smh 6DBSCL l'^ LUANCHlNH TRj-Si7/2020
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tuong ddi dn djnh vd vdn ndm ttong tdm kilm sodt Sd di cd dieu ndy id do khdng chi thyc hipn tdt cdng tdc tuyln truyin, gido dye md cdn do djnh kien smh con ttai, eon gdi d DBSCL khdng qud khdt khe. Song Viing v5n cd nguy eo mdt can bdng gidi khi sinh, thi hiln d tJ sd gidi tinh khi sinh d DBSCL khdng dn dinh qua edc ndm. Do dd, vile ehii dOng kilm sodt ty sd gidi tinh khi sinh vd gidm thiiu tdc dOng ciia vdn dl ndy Id mOt ttong nhiing nhiim vy eua edng tdc dan sd d DBSCL tix)ng tinh hinh mdi.
Thuhai, co cdu dan sd vl tudi la mdt ttong nhiing tdc dOng rdt ldn ddi vdi phdt triln kinh t l - xd hOi d DBSCL ndi rieng, cd nudc ndi ehung.
Cdu true ddn sd, ddc biOt la cdu tnic tudi ed tdc dOng thlic ddy thi tnidng lao dOng phdt triln ttong thdi ky ca cdu dan sd "vdng""^'. NIu dan sd trong do tudi lao dOng tdng thim 1% thi tdng trudng kinh tl tdng thira khodng 0,5% vd Cli tdng 1% ddn sd cd vile ldm ciia nhdm tudi tii 15-59 va nhdm tu 60 tudi ttd len thi GDP se tdng tuong ling Id 0,36% vd 0,32%"®. DBSCL dang cd lpi till rdt ldn vl dan sd vang ddi vdi sy phdt triln kinh tl - xa hpi nhtmg vdn chua t§n dyng Ipi thi nay bdi vi tinh tt^g thdt nghiip eiia lye lupng lao ddng ttong do tudi lao dOng vdn chilm 2,51%"^, ttong dd thdt nghigp d nhdm mdi 15-24 ehilm 9,24%"®. Trong khi dd, tJ 11 dan sd nhdm tudi hi 65 tudi ttd Iln tdng nhanh hon so vdi edc nhdm tudi khdc ttong 10 ndm qua. Dilu nay eho thdy, gia hda dang diln ra ttong lyc lugng lao dOng d DBSCL Cgng vdi ty 11 phy tiiuOc gia va chi sd gia hda dan sd tdng nhanh tii ndm 2009 den nam 2019 dd ddt ra mOt tiidch tinic ddi vdi DBSCL, dd Id qud trinh gia hda ddn sd diln ra nhanh vd sdm.
Mdc dil cdc nghiin ciiu ehi ra rdng, vdn 6^ gia hda dan sd Id mOt thdnh tyu dang ke cua ddt nude bdi vi nd chiing td dugc dilu Men sdng ciia con ngudi dd dupc bdo ddm hon, thu nhap khd
hon, dinh dudng tdt, he thdng chdm sdc siie khde day du hon'"', ddng thdi nd eung phdn dnh thanh tyu phdt trien ve kinh tl, xa hOi, y t l va cdng tae dan sd™. Con ngudi sdng lau hon Id do chl do dinh dudng, ve sinh, tiln bO y hpe, chdm sdc y tl, gido due vd ddi sdng kinh te ngdy cdng tdt hon°". Song, gia hda dan sd tgo ra nhilu thach thuc ddi vdi tai chinh vd co cdu chi tieu cda Chinh phu, hp thdng chdm sde siie khde, an sinh xa hdi, lam gia tdng sy vd cdm ddi vdi ngudi eao tudi ttong xd hdi... Cd thi ndi, vdn dl ddt ra cho phdt triln kmh tl- xa hOi d DBSCL la ldm till ndo dl tdn dung lyc lugng lao dOng ddi ddo, hgn chl tinh ttang thdt nghipp dl khdng phdi ddnh mdt CO hOi ddn vang. Trong khi dd, gia hda dan sd Id mOt tdt ylu cua qud trinh phdt triln va xu hudng nay d DBSCL dang diln ra khd nhanh. Vi till, niu khdng tan dyng ea hOi nay thi DBSCL si roi vdo tinh ttang "gid trudc khi gidu".
Thuba, trinh dO hpc vdn vd trinh dO ehuyin radn ciia dan sd dDBSCL edn khd thdp so vdi cdc vung kinh t l - xd hOi- Trong thdi gian qua, todn hp tiidng chinh tri d DBSCL da ed nhilu sy nd lye rat ldn ddi vdi ndng cao ttinh dO eho ngudi dan; song qua kit qua dieu tta dan sd vd nhd d ndm 2019 cho tiidy, DBSCL chua tiiodt khdi
"viing trung" ve giao due cda cd nudc. Bdi ll, tinh ttang tte em ngodi nha ttudng, dan sd chtra qua dao tao chilm ty 10 cao so vdi cdc vCmg kinh tl- xa. hOi khac cua ca ntrdc. Ty 11 dan sd d ttong dO tudi di hpc trung hpc phd thdng nhtmg khdng di hpc ehilm 37,5%*^'; ty 11 nay ddO tudi trung hpc cosdla 12,0%'^'. Tyle dan sd tir 15 ttdlln khdng qua ddo tao chiira 90,3%'^^'. Chinh dilu nay da anh hudng din chat Itrong eiia lye lupng lao dOng toan vtmg va ^o dp luc rat ldn vl dao tgo trinh dd chuyen mdn, dao tao nghi, giai quyit vile lam cho lye luong lao dOng dDBSCL ttong bdi eanh dan sd vang.
LfLUANCHiNHTR!-S67/2020
U THlfC T|£N - KINH NGHIEM
b) Kbuy&ngbjdhbsicb
Affit/a, tilp tijc truyin tiifing vl bmh ding gifii v i cie bifn phap giim tiiilu t i e dpng eua mit cin bing gifii tinh khi smh ttpng mpi tang Ifip nhin din. Ngnii ra, cfi eic c h l tii vi kilm soit vife xu ly nghiim hpn nua dfii vfii cie hinh vi h,ra chpn gioi tinh tiiai nhi. Thuc diy bmh ding gifii ttpng eie linh vye cua dfii sfing xi hfii, giim tinh d l tfin ttiupng eua cic eu, die bift If cy ba. Ting cufing Ifing ghf p kiln tiuic bmh ding gifii vio cic mfin hpc ft eie eip bic hpe vi ttpng chutrng tiinh dio tao ly luin chinh ni.
Hai la, xiy dyng hf tiifing cic giii p h i p d l thich ling vi lim chim l^ii q u i trinh gii hfia din sfi ft DBSCL Trong d o c h u y d i n ning eao chit lupng efing tic chim secsuckhfiebandiu cho nhin din; phit tiiin hf thfing dtch vy chim sfic ngufii eao tufii; tuyfn truyin ning eao nhin tiitic ve ty rf n luyf n siic khoe v i xiy dyng Ifii sfing linh manh; diu tu phit triln hf thfing kit eiu ha ting d i m b i o an toin eho ngufii cao mfii; diy m^uih nghiin cim bin quan din ngucri cao hifii ft DBSCL..
Ba/i, sii dyng v i tin dyng mfit cich ttif t d l Ipi t h i eiia eo eiu d i n sfi ving. D& lim dugc dilu niy, tnnic hit cin cfi giii phip hin quan din giio dye- dio tao d l xfia bfi "vimg triing" vl ninh dfi ft DBSCL, d i p irng ylu ciu phit ttiln kinh tl- xi hoi ttong bfii cinh efing nghifp 4.0. Dfi l i diu tu giiodue,diy m ^ phfi cap giio due... Tilp din, ein efi cic giii phip tao vi giii quyit vife lim cho lyc lugng lao dfing dugc dio tao nhu hfi tip vay vfin tindyngtaovife lim, thuhutdiutu,tilp n,ic diy manh xiy dyng nong thfin...
Bdn li, r i soit vi hoin thiln chinh sich din sfi. Chinh sich dan sfi cin dupe xiy dyng dua ttln quan dilm "tilp tyc chuyin ttpng tam chinh sich din sfi tirklhoach hfia gia dinh sang d i n sfi va phit triln. Cfing tic d i n sfi phii chu
ttpng toin difn eic mit quy mfi, eo ciu, phin b6,diebiftlichit lugng dinsfividiinongmfii quan hf hihi eo vfii cic ylu tfi kinh tl, xi hfii, qufic phfing, an nmh vi bio dim phit tilln nhanh, bin viing"'^' 3
(1) Tfing Cue tiifing ke: Kdt qui didu oadinsdvi nhi dnim 2009.2019, Nxb Thfing k«. Hi Nfii, 2009 vi2019.
(2), (3), (5), (6), (7), (9), (10), (12), (14), (17), (18), (22), (23), (24) TdngCuc Thfing ke.Mijui didu Oa din sd va nhi dnim 2019. Nxb Thfing ke, Hi Nfii, tt.57,58, 62,63,64,124,120,268,233,290,293,262,260,125.
(4) UNFPA (2010): Tfsdgidi Onh khi sinh dchiuA va Vi$t Nam: Tdng quan tii li$u nhim hudng din nghidn ciiu vd chinb sich. Hi Nfii, tt.7.
(8) Tfing cyc ihfing ke: Kdt qui di4u tra dan sd vi nhi dnim 2009, Nxb Thfing Ki, Hi Nfii, tt. 139.
(11), (13), (16) UNFPA vi Vifn Nghifn ciiu chiin lupc: Tic ddng ciia bidn ddicocSu tudi din sdddn ting uudng kmh te Vl(t Nam vi cic dixudt chlnh sich. Bio cio Ifim tit, 2017.
(15) http:// lyluanchinhtti.vn: Vfi Thi Hfing Loan:
"Biln ddi ciu ttiic mfii din sfi vi thj tnifirng lao dfing", ngiy ttuy cip 22-2-2020.
(19) Le Tht "Xu hufing gii hfia din so 4 Vif t Nam hif n nay va vifc phit huy vai tto u'ch cue ciia nguoi cao mfii". Tap chi Khoa hocxi hdi, sfi 5,2011, tt.57-65.
(20) Le Vin Khim: "Vin dl vl ngufii cao mfii ft Vif t Nam hifn nay". Tap chi Khoa hocxi hdi Viet Nam, s67(B0),2014,tt.77-86
(21) UNFPA vaHelpAgehiemattonal: Gia hfia lrong thdkyXXI: Thinh tuu va thich thuc. Bio cio tfim tit. Ha Nfi, 2012.
(25) Ban Chap hinh Tmng uong. Nghi quydt Hdi nghi lin thusiu Ban Chip hanh TmnguongKhda XII vdcdng tic din sduong linh hinh mdi.
irLUANCHlNHTRI-SS7/2020
