Cac nhan to anh hiTofng den
dong li/c lam viec cua ngu'di lao dong tai Cong ty TNHH Pouchen
Viet Nam
vti MINH NGCIYgr Tom t^t
Nghiin cffu nham khdm phd cdc nhdn tddnh hudng de'n dgng lffc ldm vice cua ngffdi lao dgng tgi Cdng ty TNHH Pouchen Viet Nam. Ke't qud cho thdy. co 5 nhdn to. bao gom: Quan he trong id chffc; Cdng viic thd vi; Luang, thudng vd che do phiic lgi; Ddo tgovd thdng lien; Ddnh gid kit qud thtic hien cdng viic dnh hffdng din dgng lffc ldm viec cua ngUdi lao ddng tai Cong ty TNHH Pouchen Viet Nam vdi mffc y nghia 5%. Tren ca sd do. ngbien cffu dua ra mat sd kii'n nghi nhdm thu hdi vd giff chdn ngUdi tdi d lgi Cdng ty.
Ttf khoa: dgng lUc ldm viic, ddo tgo. thdng lien, Cdng ty TNHH Pouchen Viet Nam Summary
The study aims to explore faclors affecting work motivation of employees in Pouchen Vietnam Co., Ltd. The result discovers five determinants at the 5% level of significance, which are Relationship in organization; Interesting job; Salary, bonus and welfare; Training and promotion; Performance evaluation. From this finding, the study makes some recommendations
lo the Company for attracting and retaining talented people.
Keywords: work motivation, training, promotion, Pouchen Vietnam Co.. Ltd GlCfl THIEU
Ddng Iffe Idm vide cd anh hffdng quan trpng dd'n hidu qua Idm vide cua td chffc kinh doanh. Ddy dffde eoi la mdt irong nhffng chffc nang quan trpng eua nha quan Iy, Id nhan td'mang tinh quye't dinh hidu qua lam vide va kha nang eanh tranh eiia to chffe, cho du do la to chffc Clia nha nffde hay to chffc tff nhan. Vide tao ddng lffc eho ngffdi Iao dpng ed tam quan trpng dac biet, vi hp la bp phan quan trpng quye't dinh de'n hidu lffc, hieu qua ciia bp may to chffc. Dpng lffc ed anh hffdng de'n hieu sua't lam viec ciia ca nhan va td chffc.
Dpng lffc lam viec la ed sd dem lai sff sang tao trong to chffc, ngffdi cd ddng lffc lam vide thffdng cam thd'y thoai mdi va say md vdi nhidm vu dffde giao. Chinh vi vdy, hp ludn thl hidn tinh sdng tao trong edng vide, tff dd giup td chffc ed thdm nhffng y tffdng sang tao, ddi mdi, tao ra sff dot phd trong td chffc, giiip td chffc thich u^g dffde vdi nhffng thay ddi vd ehii dpng tao ra nhffng thay ddi.
Xua't phdt tff cac Iy do tren, vide thffc hidn nghien effu ede nhdn td anh hffdng de'n ddng lffc ldm viec ciia ngffdi lao ddng tai Cdng ty TNHH Pouchen Vidt Nam Id can thie't.
CO SO LY THUYET VA MO HINH NGHIEN CLOJ
Cd stf ly thuydt va mo hinh nghidn cvtu Theo Abraham Maslow (1943), ffong cudc ddi moi chiing la, vide ddp ffng cdc nhu eau ed ban can phai dffdc ffu tien thffc hidn. Khi nhu cau cua con ngffdi ehffa dffde bu dap, thi hp se bat dau hoat dpng d l thoa man nhu eau dd vd khi da dffde thoa man, thi co thl ddng cd ldm vide ciing tdng len.
Herzberg (1987) da dffa ra 2 nhan td ddng vidn la: Duy tri (nhdn td'tac ddng tff bdn ngoai) vd Thue day (nhdn tdnpi tai).
Tuy nhien, kd't qua nghien cihi van ton tai mpt khoang tnmg tinh. nghTa Id nhan vidn khdng thda mdn, md cung khdng bat mdn.
Theo Ali ShaemiBarzoki va cdng sff (2012). ed 5 nhdn td tdc dong de'n ddng Iffe ldm vide cua nhan vidn. gdm: Lffdng, thffdng vd che'dd phuc Idi; Cdng viec thu vi; Quan hd cS^p trdn va ddng nghidp;
* Tri/dng Dai hoc Lac Hong (LHG)
Ngdy nhdn bdi: 05/5/2020; Ngdy phdn bi?n: 18/5/2020: Sgdy duy?i ddng: 25/5/2020
80
Danh gid ke'l qua thffc hien cdng vide;
Ddo tao.
Nghidn ciJu cua Tran Thi Bich Thuy va cdng sff (2017) cho rang, ed 4 nhdm nhan tddnh hffdng den ddng lffc lam vide cua can bd cdng chffc ed'p xa, phffdng tren dja ban TP. Thai Nguydn, tmh Thai Nguyen, bao gom: Sff quan tam vd thffa nhdn eua lanh dao, ding nghidp; Quan hg xd hdi; Bdn cha'l cdng vide; Cd hdi hpc tap va thdng tid'n.
Dffa vao cd sd Iy thuyei ndu tren, tSc gia xdy dffng md hinh nghien cffu nhff Hinh.
Mdt sd gia thuye't dffa ra nhff sau:
HI: Nhdn toQuan hd trong to chffe ed tdc dpng tich cffc tdi ddng lffc lam vide cila ngffdi Iao dpng tai Cdng ty TNHH Pouchen Vidt Nam.
H2: Nhan td Cdng vide thii vi cd tac dpng tieh cffc tdi ddng lffc lam vide Clia ngffdi lao ddng tai Cong ty TNHH Pouchen Vidt Nam.
H3: Nhdn td Lffdng, thffdng va che dp phiic ldi cd tdc dong tich effe tdi ddng li/c lam vide ciia ciia ngffdi Iao ddng tai Cdng ty TNHH Pouchen Vidt Nam.
H4: Nhdn toDdo tao vd thang tie'n ed tdc dpng tich cffc tdi dpng lffc ldm vide Clia ngffdi Iao dong tai Cdng ty TNHH Pouchen Vidt Nam.
H5: Nhan td Ddnh gid ke't qua thffc hi?n cdng vide cd tdc ddng tich effe tdi ddng lffc lam vide eua ngffdi Iao dpng lai Cdng ty TNHH Pouchen Vidt Nam.
Phffdng phap nghidn clili De thu thap sd' lieu, tac gia phdt 400 phid'u tffdng ffng 400 ngffdi lao dOng, bang phong va'n trffc tid'p ngffdi lao dpng tai Cdng ty TNHH Pouchen Vidt Nam. Ke't qua nhan lai 370 bang tra ldi hdp Id. Thdi gian nghidn effu tff thdng 6/2019 dd'n thdng 12/2019. Sau khi nhap dff lieu, tae gia tid'n hdnh xff IJ sdlieu vdi phan mem SPSS 20.0 (Bdi vii't sff dting cdch vii'l .so thdp phdn theo chudn qudc te).
KETQUA NGHIEN CUU
PhSn tfch Cronbach's Alpha Bdng 1 eho thd'y, dp tin cdy eua thang do ddi vdi cdc nhan to' Id dat ydu cau, do he sd Cronbach's Alpha Idn hdn 0.6.
Do dd, khdng loai bie'n ndo trong 22 bid'n Clia md hinh nghien cffu. Vi vay, cac bien nay deu dffdc sff dung ffong phdn tich nhdn id khdm phd (EFA).
HINH: MO HINH NGHFEN Cflfa D 6 XUAT
Nguon Tac gia de x B A N G 1: THONG KE DQ TIN CAY CGA THANG DO
Cac nhdn 19*
1. D^o tao va ihang nen (DTTT) 2. Quan he trong to chii'c (QHTC) 3. Danh gia ket qua thilt hien cong viec (EXJCV) 4. Cong viSc thu vi (CVTV)
5. Lu'dng. tliu'dng va che do phiic ldi (LTPL) 6. Dong lye lam viec (DLLV)
Stf bign quan
sat 3 5 3 4 3 4
D^tinc^y Crontech's
Alpha 0.873 0.913 0.924 0.918 0.879 0.737
BANG 2:
Nh6in
1 2 3 4 5 6
18
BANG VE PHCTdNG SAI TRICH CAC NHAN TO Chi ti^u: Initial Eigenvalues
T^ng 4.717 4.023 2.612 1 726 1 529 563
.073
%
Phififng sai 26.207 22.348 14.509 9,591 8.496 3 128
404
%
tich luy 26.207 48.555 63.064 72 655 81.151 84 279
100.000
T^ng phiAmg sai trich Ttfng
4717 4.023 2.612 1 726 1-529
Phrftftig sai 26.207 22.348 14 509 9 5 9 ! 8 496
%
tich luy 26 207 48 555 63.064 72.655 81.151
KMO: 0.767
^juon Ket qua tinh toan cua ta< •.
Phan ti'ch EFA
Bang 2 cho thay, he sdKMO = 0.767 (0.5 < KMO
< 1) vd mffe y nghTa (Sig.) la 0.000. Nhff vay, phan tieh EFA Id phu hdp vdi dff lieu khao sdt. Do do, du dieu kidn dffa dff Iidu vdo phan tich md hinh hdi quy tuyen tinh bpi. Ke'l qua Bang 2 cQng eho tha'y, tdng phffdng sai trieh la 81.151%. Nghia Id sff bie'n thidn dff lieu cua cac bid'n quan sdt dffdc giai thieh bdi 5 nhan to
Economj' jnci Forecj.M Revie
81
Ma hinh
BANG 3: PHAN TiCH KET QUA H6I QUY TUYEN TINH BOI H$ stf tifotng quan
1 1 .72i
H^stfxdcdinh H$ stf xac dinh tliSu cliinh .520 513
Saistf chuSn tfdc itftfng
Durbin-Walson 393 '-^^3 a. Predictors: (Constant)
b Dependent Variable; Dong lijc Ikm viec
ANOVA- M5 hinh
Hoi quy Sai s6' Tong
TSng binh phtfcfng 60.968 56.289 117.257
B§cttfdo 5 364 369
Binb phtftfng trung binh 12 194
.155 Gia tri
F 78 851
Mdc S nglua . (Sig-)
.000
Cac he sif
Md hinh
Tung do QHTC CVTV DGCV DTTT LTPL
H^ s^hdi quy chtfa chujfn hoa B
.972 .183 .210 .145 .073 .103
Sai stf choS'n .125 .027 .021 .017 .018 .025
H$ stf hSi quy chuan h6a
Beta
.276 .385 .334 .157 .172
Gid trj t
7 799 6.708 10.159 8.722 4.022 4.162
Mtfc y ngbia (Sig.)
000 .000 000 .000 .000 .000
Thong k& da C0ng tuytfn Dung sai
.782 921 .901 .865 .771
Gia tri VIF
1.279 1.086 l.liO 1.156 1.298 Ngii6n* Ket qua tinh toan Id: Ddo tao vd thdng de'n (DTTT); Quan he trong to
chffc (QHTC); Ddnh gid ke't qua thffe hien edng vide (DGCV); Cdng vide thu vi (CVTV) vd Lffdng, thffdng vd che'dd phiic ldi (LTPL).
Ke't qua hdi quy tuyd'n tinh bdi
Kd't qua phan tich hdi quy (Bang 3) cho thd'y. he so' xde dinh hidu chinh cd y nghia thd'ng kd vd phdn dnh dff lidu cd dd tin edy eao. Ngoai ra, he sdxde dinh hieu chinh dat 51.3% vd ta't ea cdc gia tri mffc y nghia nho hon 0.05. Ben canh dd, cdc he so' hdi quy deu cd gid tri dffong. Dieu nay cd nghia rang, cdc tde dpng cua bie'n dpc ldp ciing ehieu vdi dpng lffc ldm vide. Nghia Id khi tac ddng vdo 5 nhan to' kd' trdn, thi dpng life lam viec cua nhdn vien se drfdc eai thidn.
Ngodi ra, VIF la he sd phdng dai phffdng sai, khi VIF cd gid tri vffdt qua 10 Id the hien da'u hidu cua hidn tffdng da eong tuyd'n. Nhff vdy, tff ke't qua Bang 3 ed the khang dinh, khdng ed md'i tffong quan giffa cde bie'n ddc lap trong phffdng trinh. Nhff vdy, khdng cd hidn tffdng da cdng tuye'n. Ben eanh dd, chi sd Durbin - Watson stat= 1.853 (trong khoang 1< Durbin -Waston stat < 3), eho bidt khdng cd hien tffdng tff tffdng quan.
KET LUAN VA HAM Y QUAN TR!
Ket qua nghien cffu eho tha'y, cd 5 nhan to anh hffdng de'n dpng lffc ldm viec cua ngrfdi lao ddng tai
Cdng ty TNHH Pouchen Viet Nam dffdc xap xd'p theo thff tff giam dan nhff sau:
Cdng vide thu vi (CVTV), cd he sdhoi quy chuan hda la 0.385; Ddnh gid ket qua thffc hidn cdng viec (DGCV), cd he sd hdi quy chuan hda Id 0.334; Quan hd trong td chffc (QHTC), cd he sd h6i quy chud'n hda Id 0.276; Lffdng, thffdng va ehd' dp phiic ldi (LTPL), cd he sd hoi quy ehuan hda la 0.172; Dao tao vd thdng tid'n (DTTT), cd hd sdhdi quy ehuan hda Id 0.157.
Dffa trdn kd't qud nghien effu, tde gid dffa ra mdt sd' ham y quan tri nhdm giiip Cdng ty dap ffng nhu ciu cua ngffdi lao dong vd cd chinh sdch thu hUt ngffdi gidi dlai, nhff sau:
Thff nhdt, ve Cong viec thii vf: Moi ngffdi lao dong deu cd mdt khd ndng nhat dinh. Vi the, ne'u phdn cdng hp nhffng cdng vide pjiii hdp vdi khd ndng, thi hp se cam tha'y thich thii vd hodn thdnh tdt cong vide dd. Chinh vi the, td chffe cin bd tri nhdn sff cd the dffPc bleu Id mpt cdng vide quan irpng c6 md'i lien quan m§t thid't ddi vdi co ca'u to chffc.
Neu bie't edch tim kiem, bd tri, Nff dung vd phdt huy nhffng tdi ndng n^y^ ,hj j , " - ^
82
qua ve sau se vd cung to ldn. Ldnh dao nen phan edng cdng vide cho ngffdi lao ddng Id thoai mdi vd cd the tff giai quyd't cdng vide td't tai Cdng ty TNHH Pouchen Viet Nam.
Thff hai ve Ddnh gid ki't qud thuc hien cdng viic: Ddnh gid thffc hien cdng viec thffdng dffdc hidu la sff do lffdng mdt cdch he thd'ng, chinh thffc va cdng khai ket qud thffe hidn cdng viec so vdi cac tieu chu£n da de ra. Vide ddnh gia ngffdi lao ddng dffdc lam thffdng xuydn vd hop 1^ se tao can eff dd ed cde giai phdp td chffc ngffdi lao ddng phu hdp. Do vay, can tie'p tue thffc hien ddi mdi cdng tde ddnh gid ngffdi lao ddng; xay dffng vd hoan thidn tidu ehuan chffc danh nghe nghidp, vi tri cdng vide, tidu ehi danh gid cii thd dd'i vdi tffng chffc danh, vi tri cdng tdc.
Thff ba, vi Quan he trong to chffc:
Quan hd trong td chffc la md'i quan he giffa ngrfdi lao ddng vdi nhau trong mpt to chffc, nd ed y nghTa rat quan trong, gdp phan nang cao ddng iffe Iam vide eua ngffdi lao ddng. Cdng ngay ngffdi ta edng nhSn ra sffe manh eiia ede md'i quan he, cai ma c6 dffde tff mdt ky ndng giao tid'p tdt. Ngffdi lao dpng phai thdnh thao giao tidp bang van ndi va ca vdn viet. Ngffdi
lao ddng phai bie't cdeh gay d'n tffpng bang gipng ndi, doi mat va each dien dat dd hieu, thuyd't phuc. Kha ndng giao tiep tdt cung phdt huy tac dung trong quan ly nhan sff.
^ ThfftU. Luang, thudng vd che do phuc lgi: Chinh sach tien Iffdng eua edng ty van cdn nhieu han che', bat cap. Chinh sdch tien Iffdng cdn phffc tap, thie't ke he thd'ng bang Irfdng chffa phii hdp vdi vi tri viec ldm, chffe danh vd chffc vu ldnh dao, edn mang ndng tinh blnh quan, khdng bao dam dffdc cudc sdng, chffa phat huy drfdc nhdn tai, chffa tao dffdc dpng Iffe de ndng cao cha't Iffdng va hieu qua lam vide eua ngffdi Iao dong. Tien Iffdng Id va'n de md ngffdi lao ddng quan tam dau tidn khi di lam. Chinh vi the', vide xay dffng mot ehe do Irfdng thrfdng hdp ly, cdng bang, khoa hpe de tao ddng lffc thiic day ngffdi lao ddng lam viec Id dieu c^n ddt ldn hdng diu tai Cdng ty.
Thff ndm. Ddo tgo vd ihdng tten: Thffc te'cho thd'y, dpi ngu ngffdi lao ddng hidn nay cdn thie'u tinh dn dinh, Iam viee khdng chuyen nghidp, ehffa ngang tam vdi yeu cau nhiem vu. Nhieu cdng nhdn trinh dp va tay nghe cdn rd't ba't cap, hieu bid't ve phap ludt, ve hanh ehinh edn nhieu ban chd', ky nang thffc thi cdng vide, cung nhff kha nang van dung khoa hpc, cdng nghd hien dai vao cdng vide edn nhieu liing tung. Vi vay, Cdng ty TNHH Pouchen Viet Nam can ddi mdi edng tdc ddo tao, bdi dffdng ngrfdi Iao ddng, nham xay dffng mpt dpi ngu phii hdp vdi yeu cau trffdc mat, eung nhff Idu dai.G
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:coDomy and Forecasi Review
