Chinh sdch Policy
T r u n g Quoc-ASEAN:
Quy m o trao d o i kinh t e s e t a n g
ttil uen
( A S ™ )
uan hp kinh td cua Trung JQudc vdi Hidp hpi cdc
qud'c gia Ddng Nam A (AS0W), trong hai thdp ky qua, quan hp thucmg mgi gifla ASEAN vdi Tmng Qudc dd tdng khodng 40 Idn, vdi tdng kim nggch gdn 400 ty USD ndm 2011. Trong khi dd, Thfl tudng Tmng Qud'c On Gia Bdo neu myc tieu ndng con sd fren len 500 ty USD ddn ndm 2015. Nd'u nhu ndm 2004, My Id dd'i tdc thuong mgi Idn nhdt cfla ASEAN thi nay dd phdi nhudng vi hi ndy cho Tmng Qudc, va tyt xud'ng vj tri thfl tu sau Lien minh chdu Au (EU) va Nhdl Ban.
Cdn ddi vdi Tmng Qud'c, ASEAN Id dd'i tdc thuong mgi ldn thu ba cfla nudc nay.
Mdc dfl vdy, theo Tdng Thu ky Surin, ddu tu cfla Tmng Qud'c vdo ASEAN hipn khdng duy tri dupc nhip dp vd cdn khiem td'n ndu so sanh vcjri tdng quy md kinh td tiiuong mgi todn cdu cfla Tmng Qudc. Ong Surin khuydn cdo gicM ddu tu Trung Qudc cdn tdng tdc, vd viec tdng cudng ddu tu tgi cdc nudc ASEAN cd Uid tidn tdi vide gidm thidu nhflng mdi bdn khodn lo Idng vd su cgnh tranh cfla Tmng Qudc tgi khu vyc.
Trong khi hogt dpng ddu tu tgi ASEAN dang phdt tridn, Trung Qudc lgi dang td ra khd chdm tgi khu vyc ndy ndu so sdnh vcjri nhflng didm ddn khde. Dfl Id nhd ddu tu quan frpng tgi chdu A vd Ddng Nam A, song Tmng Qudc khdng phdi Id the lyc ndi trpi. Tac gid tiich sd lidu tu Bp Thuong mgi Tmng Qudc, cho thdy, tdi thdng 8/2011, cdc cdng ty Tmng Qudc ddu tu vdo cdc nudc ASEAN 22,3 ty USD, chidu nguoc Igi
Id 90 ty USD. Ndm 2010, vdn ddu tu tryc tidp ra nudc ngodi (ODI) cfla Tmng Qudc tgi khdi ndy tdng 12%, mpt con sd khidm tdn so vdl muc tdng trudng 81,4% tgi My, 57% tgi chdu Au vd 59% d chdu Phi. Trdn binh dipn todn cdu, ndm 2010, Tmng Qud'c dd vupt Nhdt Bdn vd vdn ODI dd trd thdnh nhd ddu tu qudc td Idn thfl ndm thd gidi, sau My, Dflc, Phdp vd Dpc khu hdnh chfnh H6ng Cdng.
Tuy nhien, bdi vidt cho rdng gid ddy, tridn vpng ddu tu tfl Tmng Qud'c vdo ASEAN sdng sfla hon nhidu so vdi thyc tgi. Theo Thfl tudng On Gia Bdo, ODI cua Tmng Qudc tgi ASEAN phdn dnh nhjp dipu thdi dgi. Mpt sd lucpng Idn vd'n tu ndn kinh td Idn thu hai thd gidi dd dd vdo cdc ndn kinh td ASEAN ddn cudi ndm 2011, chi sau thdi gian 2 ndm kd tu khi hai ben bdt ddu tridn khai ddy dfl Hipp djnh Ty do tiiuong mgi (ACFTA) tfl ddu ndm 2010. Tmng Qudc dy kidn trong ndm 2012 se chfnh thflc cu Phdi dodn Dgi didn thudng tryc tgi ASEAN. Cdc nhd kinh doanh vd ddu tu Tmng Qud'c dang gia tdng sy quan tdm ddn Ddng Nam A, noi Ngdn hdng Phdt tiidn chdu A (ADB) dy bdo cd thd dgt muc tdng trudng khodng 5% trong ndm nay. Tmng Qudc hipn Id nhd ddu tu nudc ngodi Idn nhdt tgi mpt sd nudc Ddng Nam A, nhdt Id Mianma.
Nhidu nudc ASEAN khde, frong dd cd Philippin vd Yiit Nam, Id didm ddn hdp ddn dd'i vdi gidi ddu tu Trung Qudc trdn nhfing llnh vyc nhu phdt tridn hg tdng.
Tgi cupc hpi thdo do td Nhdn ddn Nhdt bdo td chiic bdn Id Didn ddn Tdi chinh chdu A ttidng 1/2012 d H6ng Cdng, Phd Gidm ddc didu hdnh Ngdn hdng H6ng Cdng Tmng Qudc (Bank of China Hongkong),
David Wong, nhdn djnh ddng vdn ODI tfl Tmng Qudc vdo ASEAN se tdng trong vdi ndm tdi, vdi dpng lyc tfl ba nhdn td:
Thfl nhdt Id nhd vipc thflc ddy dd chuydn ddng Nhdn ddn td (NDT) thdnh ddng tidn qudc td. Sy chdp nhdn vd khd ndng hodn ddi rpng rdi hon cfla ddng NDT tgi tiij trudng ASEAN se giflp md rpng ddu tu cua Tmng Qudc tgi khu vyc. Tfl ndm 2008, Chfnh phfl Tmng Qudc dd cd chuong trinh thf didm cho phdp mpt sd dja phuong Tmng Qudc dp dyng phucmg thuc thanh todn giao djch vdi cdc nudc ASEAN bdng ddng NDT. Chuong tiinh ndy bdt ddu tgi 5 thdnh phd, sau dd dd md rpng tdi 18 tinh thdnh vd khu vyc d Tmng Qudc.
Thfl hai Id sy md rpng todn cau cfla cdc cdng ty nhd nudc vd tu nhdn Tmng Qudc, frong bdi canh nhidu qud'c gia Ddng Nam A, nhu Vipt Nam vd Inddnexia, dang n6 lyc Uiu hflt ddu tu nude ngodi t)dng thd mgnh vd gid cd ddu ra ttidp, nhdt Id ddi vdi nhung nganh san xudt cd muc dp hodn thidn sdn phdm thdp. Ben cgnh dd, vide xdy dyng vd di vdo hogt dpng Tmng tdm thuong mgi Trung Qudc ASEAN (tgi ttianh phd Nam Ninh) vd Tmng tdm ASEAN - Trung Qudc (tgi thdnh phd Bde Kinh) dupc ky vpng sd giup tdng cudng quan hd thuong mgi - ddu tu song phuong.
Thii ba Id Quy Hpp tdc Ddu hr Trung Qudc - ASEAN, vdi kd hogch ddu tu ldn tdi 10 ty USD cho toan khu vyc. Dy dn ddu tidn dd dupc tiidn khai ttidng 12/2010. Kd tfl dd, quy ndy dd bom tidn vdo ngdnh cdng nghipp ddng tdu d Philfppin, mpt bdn cdng d Thdi Lan hay mo kali hydroxit d Ldo.
