Anh hu'dng cua nhan thu'c rui ro den y djnh mua bao hiem gian doan kinh doanh:
Vai tro dieu tiet cua hinh anh cone ty bao hiem
C7 / NGUYEN QCIANG THU*
N G O Y I N TAN TRGNG"
HA KIEN TAN- TRAN NHA GHI"**
Tom tat
Nghien cdu ndy kiem dinh mdi quan he giita Nhdn thdc rui ro vd Y dinh mua bdo Mem gidn dogn kinh doanh (BHGDKD) cua cdc doanh nghiep (DN) tgi TP. Ho Chi Minh. Dong thdi, kiem dinh yeu tdHinh dnh cong ty cd tdc ddng dieu tiet hay khong den Y dinh mua BHGDKD cua cdc DN. Ket qud cho thdy, Nhgn thdc rui ro cd tdc dong nguac chieu den Y dinh mua BHGDKD. Hinh dnh cdng ty co tdc dong trUc tiep cung chieu vd tdc dong dieu tiet Rui ro tdi chinh ldm tdng Y dinh mua BHGDKD. Td do, nghien cdu dUa ra cdc hdm y qudn tri de ndng cao y thdc mua BHGDKD.
Tuf khoa: nhdn thdc rui ro, y dinh mua, bdo Mem gidn dogn kinh doanh, hinh dnh cong ty Summary
This study examined the relationship between risk perception and intention to purchase business interruption insurance in Ho Chi Minh city-based companies. Research also examined whether company image had a moderation impact on intention to purchase the aforementioned insurance. The output showed that risk perception had the opposite effect on intention to purchase business interruption insurance. Company image had same direct impact and moderation impact on financial risk that increased intention to purchase business interruption insurance. Finally, research provided several management implications to
enhance the intention to purchase business interruption insurance. ', Keywords: risk perception, intention to buy, business interruption insurance, company image
GI61 THIEU
BHGDKD la can thiet dd'i vdi mdi DN, dffdc coi nhff la sff bao ve trtfdc cac nguy cd triet tieu ldi nhuan va giup DN vtfdt qua giai doan khd khan. Ndi mdt each khac, BHGDKD la "cua de danh" cho cae DN trtfdc nhffng Slf cd ba't trac xay ra. Tuy nhien, thffc te eho tha'y, sdDN tham gia BHGDKD cdn rat it, bdi vin tdn tai mdt sdrao can khie'n cac nha quan ly ngan ngai khi quyet dinh mua BHGDKD, mpt trong sd dd cd the ke de^n la nhan thffc ve riii ro eua hp.
Tai Viet Nam, chffa cd nghien cffu nao ve anh hffdng cua nhan thffe rui ro den viee mua BHGDKD eua DN. Vi vay, muc tieu cua nghien cffu nay nham kham pha md'i
quan he giffa nhan thffc rui ro va y dinh mua BHGDKD eua cac DN. Dong th6i, nghien cufu cung xem xet ye'u td hinh anh edng ty bao hiem cd phai la mpt bien dieu tiet den y dinh mua bao hiem eua DN hay khdng? Tff dd giup DN nang eao y thufc mua BHGDKD, gdp phan giam thieu rui ro va tdn that khi cd sff ed xay ra.
CO SCf LY THUYET
Y dinh mua
Y dinh mua dffdc sff dung rdng rai nhff la mdt dff bao ve hanh vi mua cua 'Tru'dng Dai hoc Kinh te TP. Ho Chi Minh I Email: [email protected]
"Trtfdng Dai hoc Kinh te TP. Hd Chi Minh I Email: [email protected]
*** Trtfdng Dai hoc Kinh te Ky thuat Binh Dtfdng I Email: [email protected]
**** Trtfdng Dai hoc Ba Ria Vung Tau I Email: [email protected]
Ngdy nhan bdi: 30/08/2018; Ngdy phdn bien: 14/09/2018; Ngdy duvet ddng: 21/09/2018
Kiiiht«
va Dir bao
ngffdi tieu diing sau khi xem xet va danh gia san pham (Grewal & cdng stf, 1998).
Ajzen (1991) dinh nghia: "nhffng y dinh dai dien eho eac thanh phan ddng life cua mdt hanh vi, do la sff nd life ed y thffe rang mdt ngffdi se phat huy de thffe hien mdt hanh vi". Ndi each khac, y dinh mua phan anh kha nang ma ngffdi tieu dung nha't dinh se mua san pham hoac dich vu trong quye't dinh mua ngan han (Wu, Yeh,& Hsiao, 2011).
Moi quan he giita nhdn thitc rui ro vd y dinh mua
Cac nghien ciiru trffdc day eho tha'y, nhan thffc rui ro la mdt khai niem da hffdng. Stone & Gronhaug (1993) do Iffdng nhan thffc rui ro bang 6 yeu td: rui ro tai chinh, rui ro hieu qua, rui ro the chat, rui ro tam ly, rui ro xa hdi va rui ro thdi gian. Trong khi dd, nghien effu eua Tsiros & Heilman (2005) eho tha'y, nhan thffe rui ro ed 7 thanh phan: (1) Tai chinh (2) Chffc nang; (3) The chat (4) Xa hdi (5) Tam ly; (6) Sff hai ldng va (7) Thdi gian. Tham khao cac nghien effu di trffdc va dae thu cua bao hiem Viet Nam, trong nghien cffu nay, nhdm tae gia lifa chpn 4 yeu to: Rui ro tai chinh, Rui ro hieu qua, Rui ro tam ly, Rui ro xa hdi de do Iffdng.
Y dinh mua da dffdc sff dung rdng rai trong cae ly thuye't nhff la mpt yeu td dff bao eho hanh vi mua la mpt he qua tie'p theo (Babin & edng sif, 1999). Cu the hdn, Mitchell & edng sff (1999); Wood &
Scheer (1996) da chffng minh rang, y dinh mua cd md'i quan he am vdi nhan thffe rui ro. Cd nhieu nghien effu da tim tha'y ed md'i quan he am gitta nhan thffe rui ro va y dinh mua. Chang ban nhff nghien ctfu cua Kim & edng sif (2008) da kiem chffng va xac nhan rang, nhan thffc rui ro cd tac ddng am (ngffdc chieu) den y dinh mua san pham nhan hang rieng. Dieu nay eung gid'ng vdi ke't qua da tim tha'y cua cac nghien cffu khac (Hong & Cha, 2013).
Tff nhffng phan tieh tren, nhdm tac gia xay dffng gia thuye't HI nhff sau:
Hl-1: Rui ro tai chinh cd tae ddng am de'n Y dinh mua BHGDKD cua DN.
Hl-2: Rui ro hieu qua cd tae ddng am den Y dinh mua BHGDKD eua DN.
HI-3: Rui ro xa hdi ed tac ddng am de'n Y dinh mua BHGDKD cua DN.
HI-4: Rui ro tam ly cd tae ddng am de'n Y dinh mua BHGDKD eua DN.
Hinh dnh cong ty bdo hiem
Hinh anh cdng ty la each ma khach hang nhan thffc ve cdng ty tren cd sd
HINH: MO HINH NGHIEN COfO
NhSn thirc riii ro
- Rui ro tai chinh - Rui ro hi?u qua - Rui ro tam ly - Rui ro xa hoi
"^
y
Hinh anh cong ty bao hiem
t
+ Y djnh mua
BHGDKD ciia DN
N g u o n : De xuat ciJa n h o m tac gia
BANG 1: THANG DO cAC KHAI NIEM NGHIEN CCfU Ky hiSu
bie'n NOi dung Ngu6n
Rui ro tai chinh RRTCl
RRTC2 RRTC3 RRTC4 RRTC5
Mua BHGDKD la lang phi tien bac
Toi lo ngai rang toi se khong nhan du'dc gia tri boi thUdng tu'dng xiJng vdi so'tien mua BHGDKD da bo ra
Viec mua BHGDKD khong phai la mgt quye't dinh khon ngoan ve mat tai chinh cua cong ty
Viec mua BHGDKD co the lien quan de'n nguy cd ton that tai chinh cija cong ty
Toi nghi mua BHGDKD la khong can thiet
Gonzalez &
cpng sir (2006);
Stone &
Gronhaug (1993) Carroll &
cong sff (2014) Nghien cffu dinh tinh Rui ro hi§u qua
RRHOl RRH02 RRH03 RRHQ4 RRHQ5
BHGDKD khong thu'c su' hieu qua nhU gidi thieu
BHGDKD khong mang lai nhUng ldi ich nhu'toi mong ddi Viec mua BHGDKD se khong mang lai ke't qua tot
Toi quan tam ve miJc dp tin cay va chae chan cua BHGDKD Toi lo ngai ve quy trinh giai quye't boi thu'dng cua BHGDKD
Gonzalez &
cpng sir (2006);
Stone &
Gr0nhaug (1993) Nghien cffu dinh tinh Rui ro tam ly
RRTLl RRTL2 RRTL3 RRTL4 RRTL5
Viec mua BHGDKD co the pha huy hinh anh cong ty Viec mua BHGDKD co the phan anh khong tot ve phong thai lam viec ciia cong ty
Viec mua BHGDKD co the dan de'n cang thang noi bp do nhffng riii ro lien quan
Toi CO cam giac lo lang se bi cac doi tac danh gia tha'p ve hinh anh cong ty ne'u mua BHGDKD
Toi lo ngai mua BHGDKD se lam giam long tin ciia doi tu'dng lien quan do'i vdi DN
Carroll &
cpng sff (2014)
Nghien cffu dinh tinh Rui ro xa hoi
RRXHl RRXH2 RRXH3 RRXH4 RRXH5
Viec mua BHGDKD co the tao nen anh hu'dng tieu cu'c de'n quan diem cua ngu'di khac danh cho cong ty
Viec mua BHGDKD se khie'n do'i tac danh gia cong ty toi tha'p hdn
Viec mua BHGDKD cd anh hifdng khong tot de'n doi tu'dng lien quan
Xa hpi cd the khong chap nhan BHGDKD du'dc cung cap bdi cong ty bao hiem
BHGDKD chu'a du'dc xa hoi quan tam
Carroll &
cpng sff (2014)
Nghien ciJu dinh tinh Hinh anh c6ng ty
HAI HA2 HA3 HA4
Cong ty bao hiem cd nhieu gdi san pham bao hiem cho khach hang lu'a chon
Cac gdi bao hiem gidi thieu cua cong ty deu cd chat Iffdng cao Cac gdi bao hiem cua cong ty deu cd gia tri tffdng xffng vdi dong tien bd ra mua
Cong ty bao hiem nay cd chat Iffdng va uy tin cao trong thffc hien cac dich vu
Fall Diallo &
cpng 51^(2013)
Y dinh mua YDINH 1 YDINH2 YDINH3 YDINH4 YDINH5
Toi se mua BHGDKD
Toi se can nhac viec mua BHGDKD Cd the toi se mua BHGDKD Toi cd ke'hoach mua BHGDKD
Toi quan tam de'n nhffng ldi ich tff viec mua BHGDKD
Grewal &
cpngsff (1998)
Mgudn: Nghien cu'u cua n h o m tac gia
BANG 2: KET QUA DO TIN CAY VA GlA TRJ HOI TU CUA THANG DO
Hinh anh cong ty Y dinh mua Riii ro hieu qua Riii ro tai chinh Riii ro tam ly Riii ro xa hoi
Cronbach's Alpha
0,925 0,802 0,873 0,922 0,942 0,843
rho_A 0,935 0,808 0,917 0,929 0,953 0,843
D6 tin c$y t^ng htf p
0,943 0,871 0,904 0,941 0,958 0,895
Phtfcfng sai trich trunp; hinh
0,769 0,628 0,654 0,763 0,851 0,681
Hinh anh cong ty Y dinh mua Riii ro hieu qua Riii ro tai chinh Rui ro tam ly Rui ro xa hoi
BANG 3 Hinh anh
c6ng tv 0,877 -0,179 -0,171 -0,151 -0,106 0,589
: CHI SO FORNELL - LARCKER Rui ro
liidu qua 0,809 0,075 -0,037 0,034 -0,276
Rui ro tai chfnh
0,873 0,602 0,539 -0,556
Ruiro tSmlv
0,922 0,678 -0,514
Rui ro xahdi
0,825 -0,502
Y dinh mua BHGDKD
0,793 BANG 4: CHI SO MODEL FIT
SRMR d ULS d Gl d G2 Chi-Square NFI
Md hinh tdi ban 0,072
1,982 1,36 0,782 573,13 0,803
M6 hinh \i6c Itfdng 0,072 1,982 1,36 0,782 573,13 0,803 Nguon: Ket qua xff ly tff du' lieu dieu tra
chffc nang, chat lffdng va mdi trffdng eiaa nd ddng gdp va bao ham chat lffdng dich vu, gia ca/gia tri va chat lffdng dich vu (Lin & Yeh, 2013). Ndi mdt each khae, nhan thffc hinh anh cdng ty dffa tren cd sd tham dinh nhieu ye'u to' dac trffng rieng cua edng ty (Wu & cdng sff, 2011). Tff day, khach hang sff dung hinh anh cdng ty trong tat ca nhffng danh gia cd the anh hffdng den nhan thffe va den ten goi nhan hang rieng, hay suy diin chat Iffdng nhan hang rieng (Richardson & cong sff, 1996). Hinh anh cdng ty bao hiem (thffdng hieu, uy tin, chat lffdng...) cd tac ddng dieu tie't den y dinh mua bao hiem cua cae DN, do dd nd dffdc dffa vao md hinh de nghien effu. Ke't qua nghien cffu eua Hsin &
Wen (2008) cho tha'y, hinh anh cdng ty cd anh hffdng tich cffc den nhan thffc rui ro va y dinh mua cua khach hang. Mot so nghien effu da cho thay hinh anh cdng ty ed anh hffdng dffdng de'n xu hffdng mua eua khach hang (Wu & cong sff, 2011). Tren cd sd dd, cac gia thuyet H2 va H3 dffdc dat ra nhff sau:
H2: Hinh anh cdng ty bao hiem cd anh hffdng dffdng de'n Y dinh mua BHGDKD eua DN.
H3-1: Hinh anh cdng ty bao hiem cd anh hffdng dffdng den Rui ro tai chinh va lam tang Y dinh mua BHGDKD.
H3-2: Hinh anh cdng ty bao hiem cd anh hffdng dffdng de'n Rui ro hieu qua va lam tang Y dinh mua BHGDKD.
H3-3: Hinh anh cdng ty bao hiem cd anh hffdng dffdng den Riii ro xa hdi va lam tang Y dinh mua BHGDKD.
H3-4: Hinh anh edng ty bao hiem co anh hffdng dffdng de'n Rui ro tam ly va lam tang Y dinh mua BHGDKD.
Tff cac gia thuyet dffa ra, md hinh nghien cffu dffdc de xua't nhff Hinh.
PHl/aNG PHAP NGHIEN cCu Nghien cffu dffdc thffe hien thdng qua hai bffdc: nghien effu sd bo va nghien ciJu chinh thffc. Nghien cffu sd bo dffdc thufc hien bang phffdng phap nghien cffu dinh tinh thdng qua ky thuat thao luan triTc dep vdi 07 chuyen gia la giam dd'c cac DN tai TP. Ho Chi Minh da tffng mua BHGDKD nham kiem tra tinh ddng nhat, tinh d i hieu cua cac bie'n quan sat do Iffdng eac khai niem nghien effu. Ke't qua nghien effu dinh tinh cho tha'y, ed 06 bien quan sat mdi dffdc dffa them vao thang do va sff dung eho nghien cffu chinh thu'c (Bang 1). •
Nghien cffu chinh thffc dffdc thtfc hien bang phffdng phap nghien cffu dinh Iffdng, thu thap thdng tin qua bang hdi truTc tiip 150 DN tai TP. Ho Chi Minh. Th5i gian phdng van tff thang 10-12/2017. Sd phie'u thu ve la 147, sau khi lam sach con 133 phie'u dat yeu eau dffa vao phan tich.
Vi so' mau nhd, nen nghien cffu sff dung cdng cu PLS-SEM de phan tieh dff lieu.
Bang hdi sff dung thang do Likert 5 hac (tff 1: Hoan toan khdng ddng y, de'n 5:
Hoan toan ddng y).
KET QUA NGHIEN CLfU
Kiem dinh mo hinh do lUcfng
Theo Henseler & cong sff (2016), kiem dinh md hinh do Iffdng bao gom:
do tin cay td'ng hdp (danh gia tinh nhat quan ndi tai), do tin cay rieng eua ttog thang do/bien, phffdng sai trich (AVE), danh gia gia tri phan biet dung tieu chi Fornell lacker va he so' tai eheo (cross loading). Gia tri do tin cay tdng hdp phai
> 0,7 (dd'i vdi nghien cffu kham pha, chap nhan he sd 0,6-0,7). De danh gia gia tri hdi tu, phai xet he sd tai ngoai eua cae bie'n quan sat va AVE. De he sd tai ngoai ed y nghia thd'ng ke thi no phai > 0,708, ed nghia la AVE > 0,5 (0,708^= 0,5). Ddi vdi gia tri phan bi^t (discriminant validity), Henseler &
edng sff (2016) de xua't sff dung tieu chi HTMT (heterotrait - monotrait), gia tri<
0,85. Gia tri VIF < 5 chffng td khdng co hien tffdng da edng tuye'n.
Kinhtd
Nhff vay, ke't qua do Iffdng do tin cay (Bang 2), gia tri hoi tu va gia tri phan biet (Bang 3) cho tha'y deu dat gia tri cho phep. Chi sd VIF < 5 nen md hinh khdng xay ra hien tffdng da cong tuye'n. Chi sd' model fit deu dat ngffdng cho phep (Bang 4). Vi vay, cd the ke't luan dff lieu md hinh nghien cffu la phu hdp.
Kiem dinh mo hinh cdu true tuyen tinh (SEM)
Trong danh gia md hinh SEM, can danh gia mffe y nghia va sff lien quan cua cae md'i quan he trong md hinh bang phffdng phap Bootstrapping (eac gia thuyet ed gia tri t-value > 1,96 thi cd y nghia thd'ng ke d mffe 5%). He sd xac dinh R- dung de dff bao md hinh (R^ gdm cae gia tri 0,75; 0,5; 0,25 tffdng ffng cd kha nang dff bao manh; trung binh hoac yeu (Henseler & edng sff, 2016)). De do Iffdng mffe do phu hdp md hinh vdi dff lifu thi trffdng, thi SRMR <0,08 (0,12 van ed the chap nhan trong trffdng hdp nghien cffu kham pha).
Trong nghien cffu nay, nhdm tac gia sff dung ky thuat Bootstrapping vdi ed mSu lap lai la 5.000 quan sat. Ke't qua ffdc Iffdng tff 5.000 quan sat cho tha'y, trong sd' gdc ed y nghia vdi trong so trung binh cua Bootstrapping vi ta't ea trong sd gdc deu nam trong khoang tin cay 95%.
Nhff vay, cac ffdc Iffdng trong md hinh bang ky thuat Bootstrapping cd the ke't luan la dang tin cay.
Theo Bang 5, Hinh anh cdng ty bao hiem ed tac ddng dffdng rat manh de'n y dinh mua BHGDKD (p = 0,430). Tie'p de'n la Rui ro tai chinh cd tac ddng am kha manh de'n y dinh mua BHGDKD (P
= 0,252). Rui ro xa hdi va Rui ro hieu qua cd tac ddng am tffdng dffdng (P = 0,196 va p = 0,192). Rui ro tam ly cd tae ddng am de'n y dinh mua BHGDKD (P = 0,160) va d mffe tha'p hdn so vdi 3 thanh phan tren. Hinh anh edng ty bao hiem cdn cd tac ddng dieu det de'n Rui ro tai chinh lam tang y dinh mua BHGDKD eua DN, nhffng kha ye'u. He sd'R^= 0,670 cho tha'y sff bie'n thien cua ye'u td' y dinh mua BHGDKD dffdc giai thich bdi 67,0%
cae ye'u to trong md hinh, cdn lai 33% cac ye'u td'khac chffa dffdc kham pha.
Kiem dinh cdc gid thuyet
Tff ket qua kiem dinh d Bang 6, cac gia thuye't H l - 1 , Hl-2, HI-3, HI-4, H2, H3-1 (bie'n dieu tiet) dffdc chap nhan.
Cdn lai 03 gia thuye't dieu tie't H3-2, H3- 3, H3-4 khdng dffdc chap nhan.
BANG 5: KET QUA T A C DONG TRgfC TIEP, GIAN TIEP VA TONG T A C DONG GIOfA CAC KHAI NIEM Tac ddne 1Y dinh mua BHGDKD (R2 hiSu chinh=0.67) Hinh anh cong tv bao hiem
6 Tru'c tiep 6 Gian tiep IB Ton 2 il
0,430 0 0,430 0,428 Rui ro tai chinh * Hinh anh cong tv bao hiem
B Tru'c tiep B Gian tie'p B Tong f2
0,118 0 0.118 0,008 Rui ro tai chinh
6 Tru'c tiep 6 Gian tiep 13 Tong f2
-0.252 0 -0,252 0,104 Riii ro hiiu qua
B Tru'c tiep B Gian tiep B Tone f2
-0,192 0 -0,192 0,09 Rui ro xa hoi
B Tru'c tiep B Gian tiep BTone f2
-0,196 0 -0,196 0,059 Rui ro tam ly
B Tru'c tiep B Gian tiep B Tong f2
-0,160 0 -0,160 0,032 BANG 6: KET QUA KIEM DINH GIA THUYET MO HINH NGHIEN CCTU STT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Gia thuyfe't
Hl-1: Riii ro tai chinh co tac dong am den Y dinh mua BHGDKD cua DN
Hl-2: Rui ro hieu qua co tac dong am den Y dinh mua BHGDKD cua DN
HI-3: Riii ro xa hpi co tac dong am den Y dinh mua BHGDKD cua DN
HI-4: Riii ro tam ly co tac dong am den "i dinh mua BHGDKD cua DN
H2: Hinh anh cong ty bao hiem co anh hu'dng du'dng den Y dinh mua BHGDKD ciia DN
H3-1: Hinh anh cong ty bao hiem co anh hu'dng du'dng den Riii ro tai chmh va lam tang Y dinh mua BHGDKD H3-2: Hinh anh cong ty bao hiem co anh hifSng dUdng den Rui ro hieu qua va lam tang y dinh mua BHGDKD H3-3: Hinh anh cong ty bao hiem co anh hu'dng du'dng de'n Rui ro xa hoi va lam tang Y dinh mua BHGDKD H3-4: Hinh anh cong ty bao hiem co anh hu'dng du'dng de'n Riii ro tam ly va lam tang Y dinh mua BHGDKD
Kg*! Iu3n Chap nhan Chap nhan Chap nhan Chap nhan Chap nhan Chap nhan
Khong chap nhan
Khong chap nhan
Khong chap nhan
Mtfc y nghia (%)
5 5 5 10 5 10
>10
>10
>10 Ngu6n: Ke't qua xu' ly tu" du' lieu dieu tra
KET LUAN VA HAM Y CHINH SACH
Qua nghien cffu eua nhdm tae gia, Hinh anh cdng ty bao hie'm cd tac ddng dffdng rat manh de'n y dinh mua BHGDKD; Rui ro tai chinh, Rui ro xa hdi, Rui ro hieu qua, Rui ro tam ly deu cd tae ddng am de'n y dinh mua BHGDKD. Ke't qua edn eho bie't, Hinh anh edng ty chi ed tac ddng dieu tiet de'n Rui ro tai chinh lam tang y dinh mua BHGDKD, nhffng ye'u va khdng ed tae ddng
dieu tie't de'n 03 thanh phan edn lai (khdng ed y nghia thd'ng ke).
Tff ke't qua tren, nhdm tae gia dffa ra mdt vai ham y sau:
Thd nhdt, ndng cao hinh dnh cua cdng ty bdo Mem Cac cdng ty bao hiem can tff tao eho minh mdt vi the vffng chae, duy tri va md rdng thi phan, tao niem tin d khach hang thdng qua da dang hoa san pham, nang cao cha't Iffdng dich vu, cham sdc khach hang.
Ben canh dd, dat cae van phdng giao dich tai cae dia die'm giao dich thuan tien cho khach hang, dong tlidi nhanh chdng nam bat va ffng dung cac thanh tffu eua khoa hoc cdng nghe, dae biet la cdng nghe thdng tin vao qua tiinh khai thac va quan ly hoat ddng kinh doanh nham nang cao hieu qua kinh doanh, tiet kiem
ehi phi quan ly, ha phi bao hiem mdt each hdp ly.
Thd hai, ndng cao nhdn thdc rui ro cua cdc nhd qudn tri
Qua eac vu thiet hai cua DN tai cac khu edng nghiep d tinh Binh Dffdng, Dong Nai lien quan de'n thien tai, hoa hoan..., cd the tha'y nhieu DN da khong mua BHGDKD. Dieu nay khie'n cho khi xay ra rui ro, DN phai chiu td'n that khdng nhd. Do vay, cac nha quan tri can danh gia dung vai trd eua BHGDKD de cd the bao ve minh khdi nhffng rui ro bat ngd trong tffdng lai.Q
TAI LIEU THAM KHAQ
1. Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 50(2), 179-211
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