VIEN KHONG TU VA NGOAI GIAO VAN HOA TRUNG QUOC:
NHIN Ttf GOC DO BEN TIEP NHAN
D 6 THANH V A N "
Tom tdt- Khi "Hoa binh vd Phdt trien" dd trd thdnh chu de trong thdi dai todn cdu hoa cua the gidi ngdy nay, ngoai giao vdn hda vd ngoai giao kinh te ngdy cdng diigc cdc niidc tren the gidi coi trgng. Ld mot trong nhiing bg phdn cdu thdnh quan trong trong chinh sdch vd y tiidng ngoai giao, ngoai giao vdn hoa da phdt huy vai tro ngdy cdng quan trgng trong bdc tranh todn cdnh ngoai giao Trung Qudc trong nhiing ndm trd lgi ddy, vd "Vien Khdng T^' lgi chinh Id thiidng hieu noi bdt nhdt trong cdc hoat dgng tuyen truyen vdn hoa ra niidc ngodi cua Trung Qudc ke tii ddu the ky XXI den nay. Chinh phu Trung Quo'c da su" dung 'Yien Khdng Tu" trd thdnh thd cdng cu md rong tdm dnh hiidng cua minh tren the gidi cung nhii chuyen tdi tinh thdn hdu hao den vdi cong dong quo'c te.
Tii khoa: Vien Khong Td; ngoai giao vdn hda.
Abstract: In the context of the era of globalization where "Peace and Development" have become the focus point of the modern world, Cultural and Economic Diplomacy have both increasingly become the focus of many countries foreign relations efforts. As a part of the policies of diplomatic thought, cultural diplomacy has played an increasingly important role in modern Chinese diplomacy, and the most powerful brand in the communication of Chinese Culture abroad since the beginning of the 2r' Century have been the "Confucius Institutes". The Chinese government has used these institutes as a tool to increase the influence of China on the world and to serve as a symbol or China's friendly intentions towards the international community.
Key Words: Confucius Institute; Cultural Diplomacy; Recipient.
Ngdy nhgn bdi: 10/01/2019; Ngdy sda bdi: 15/02/2019; Ngdy duyet ddng bdi: 20/3/2019.
Cflng vdi sii tang trfldng nhanh chdng Trong cdn sdt tieng Han toan cau, chinh cua nen kinh te Trung Qudc, van de ve sfl phu Trung Qudc da khdng bo 16 thdi ed de phat trien cua Trung Qudc se dem den nguy trien khai cdng tac phat trien tieng Han b cd cho hda binh the gidi hay la mdt sil ddng nfldc ngoai, "Vien Khdng Tfl"*^* d khap ndi gop cho nhan loai ngay cang dfldc nhiiu tren the gidi dfldc ra ddi nhfl the. Tinh tfl ngUdi quan tam de'n. Tfl nhiing nam 90 cua ngay 21 thang 11 nam 2004, "Vien Khong the ky XX trd lai day, tai khIp ndi tren the Tfl" diu tien tren the gidi dUdc treo bien tai gidi xuat hien trao lflu hpc tap tie'ng Han va thu do Seoul cua Han Quo'c cho den nay da nghien cflu chie'n Ifldc van hda Trung Qudc. ed 548 Vien Khong Tfl, 1.193 Ldp hgc Khong Tren thflc te, sau khi bflde vao the ky XXI, Tfl dfldc thanh lap tai 154 quo'c gia va viing sfle manh tong hdp va vi tri ngay cang cao lanh thd.
tren trfldng qudc te ciia Trung Qudc ciing
•u- u 1- "... - 1 , - - I,--- 1 j ^ !,•"'.„ - JAv,!, "ThS., Vien Khong TLI tai TrUdng DH HaNoi.
chinh la m p t ed hgi chien Ifldc h i e m cd d a n h „ ^ ^ ^.g^- ^ ^ ^ J^^^ ^^^ -^L^ W ' tix tieW Trung cho viec p h a t trien tieng H a n r a b e n ngoai. sang tieng Vigt dUdc dimg la "Vien Khdng Tit'.
m NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XA HM SO 6-2019
Khi mdi bat dau, tai li|u chuyen nghien ciJfu ve "Vien Khdng Tif' trong va ngoai Trung Qud'e khdng nhieu, chu ye'u bieu hi6n trong hai phfldng dien: mot mat la cac hpc gia nfldc ngoai eung nhfl truyen thong quo'c td' nghien cflu hoac binh luan vl nhflng thanh tflu ma Trung Quo'c dat dfldc trong nhflng nam d i u the ky mdi co de cap de'n chien Ifldc ngoai giao van hda ciia Trung Quo'c, trong do CO nhle den viec Trung Qudc nang cao sfle manh mem bao gom ca khai niem
"Vien Khong Tfl" va cac bai vie't, tra ldi phdng vln cua cac quan chflc Trung Qud'e nhfl fly vien Quoc vu vien, Bg Giao due, Bg Van hoa va Uy ban qudc gia phat trien tie'ng Han ra nfldc ngoai (sau day ggi t i t la Han Ban)'^'. Tuy nhien, cdn sd't tie'ng Han ngay cang "tang nhiet" va cflng vdi nd la cac Vien Khdng Tfl nhanh chdng phat trien khap ndi tren the gidi, cac hgc gia trong va ngoai Trung Qudc b i t d i u r i m rd tham gia vao thao luan "cdn sd't Vien Khong Tfl".
Tfl viec hieu va nhin nhan ve Vien Khdng Tfl khdng gid'ng nhau nen thai dp va each nhin ciia hp ve Vien Khong Tfl ciing cd nhieu khac biet.
Trong dieu kien Vien Khong Tfl xua't hien tren khlp toan clu nhu hien nay, chie'n lUdc ngoai giao van hda "phat trien hai hda" cua chinh phu Trung Qud'e eung vdi tinh hinh van hanh cua Vien Khdng Tfl tren toan the gidi rat dang de nhflng ngUdi nfldc ngoai nghien cflu, tim hieu.
Bai viet thdng qua 3 phUdng dien: (1) Gidi thieu va phan tich van hoa ngoai giao va dac diem cua nd tai Trung Quo'c; (2) Hoan canh ra ddi, phfldng thflc va cdn dfldng truyen ba van hda cua Vien Khong Tfl; (3) Dinh vi va chflc nang cua Vien Khong Tfl cflng nhfl y nghia cua nd dd'i vdi ngoai giao sd 6-2019
van hoa de tie'n hanh tim hieu, nghien cflu, nhin tfl gdc do cua ben tie'p nhan dd'i vdi viec xay dflng, phat trien cua Vien Khdng Tfl va y nghia cua nd doi vdi chien lUdc ngoai giao van hda cua Trung Quo'c, tfl do tac gia dfla ra mot vai suy nghi ban dau.
1. Ngoai giao van hoa va Trung Quoc Ve khai niem ngoai giao van hda, cac hgc gia trong va ngoai Trung Qudc ed rat nhieu quan diem va each dinh nghia khac nhau. Cd hpc gia cho rang, ngoai giao van hda khong gid'ng nhfl quan he giao lflu van hda theo nghia thdng thfldng, nd tap trung lam ndi bat vai trd cua ehinh phu trong quan he van hoa dd'i ngoai. Cd the ndi, ngoai giao van hda la tdng hda ve quan he van hda dd'i ngoai eua chinh phu mdt dit nfldc, hoac ndi each khac, dd la viee lay chu quyen qud'e gia lam chu de, hanh xfl chu quyen ra ben ngoai cua quan he van hoa chinh thflc b cap nha nfldc. Ngoai giao van hda la ngdai giao lay viec truyen ba, giao lflu va tim hieu ve va.n hda lam ndi dung ehinh de trien khai, la mot hoat ddng ngoai giao ma eac quo'c gia chu quyen ldi dung bien phap van hda de dat dfldc muc dieh ehinh tri rieng hoac y do chie'n Ifldc dd'i ngoai*^'. Cung co hpc gia cho rang: "Ngoai giao van hda la hoat ddng ngoai giao cua chinh phu cua mdt nfldc hoac td chflc phi chinh phu va dan chung dfldc chinh phu uy quyen de trien khai, lay viec truyen ba, giao lflu va tim hieu vd' van hda lam ndi dung chu de, nham dat dfldc y do chie'n Ifldc dd'i ngoai mang muc
'^' T#n ggi t a t cua Uy ban qu6'c gia ve phat t n e n H a n n g a ciia Tning Quoc tai nii6c ngoai
i^mmmxi^m^f^^rm^'i-tm'Ji^ - u^. office of
Chinese Language Council International (Hanban)).
'3' Tham khao Li Zhi: "Cultural Diplomacy: An Interpretative Mode of^ Communication", Nxb Dai hoc Bac Kinh, 1.2006, Beijing, Tr.24.
NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XAHOI ^
VIEN KHONG TtT VA NGOAI GIAO...
dich chinh tri"*"'. Vi vay, "tinh chinh tri cua muc dich, tinh van hoa cua bien phap va tinh chinh phu cua chu th^, la dieu kien ca'u thanh tat yeu cua ngoai giao van hda"*"*. Cho dfl dinh nghia ve khai niem ngoai giao van hda qua rpng, nhflng nhin tfl gdc do tdng the, mue tieu cud'i cflng cua ngoai giao van hda la phuc tung cho vide bao ve ldi ich an ninh qudc gia lam trpng tam cua chinh the chien Ifldc ngdai giad, dong thdi "la xay dung thfldng hieu td't dep eua minh d nude khac, nhlm danh dUde sfl ly giai, ung hd eua dfl luan qudc te va tfl do thuc thi nhiem vu "san dUdng bac clu"
cho chinh sach ngoai giao"'^'.
Ngoai giao van hda dd'i vdi Trung Qudc khdng cdn la mpt van de mdi me! Trung Qud'e da tflng dung "ngoai giao ga'u trflc",
"ngoai giao bdng ban" de tao anh hfldng dfl luan qudc te, hda giai cue dien cang thang cua Chien tranh lanh trong nhflng nam 80 cua the ky XX, md rdng con dfldng de'n vdi vu dai the gidi cfla Trung Quo'c. Trong gin 30 nam thflc hien cai each md cfla, Trung Qudc da phat trien nhanh chong ddng thdi danh dUdc nhflng thanh tflu to Idn lam cho vi the tren trfldng quo'c te khdng ngiing nang cao, Trung Qudc cung da trd thanh da't nfldc dUdc the gidi tap trung quan tam de'n. Tuy nhien, sfl phat trien qua ndng v l kinh te da gay ra cac van de trong nfldc nhu khoang each giau ngheo ngay cang sau rdng, sU phat trien m i t can bang gifla khu vUc ven bien va vung sau vflng xa, chuan mflc dao dflc xa hdi xud'ng cap..., them vao do la dU luan quo'c te nhU "nguy cd Trung Qudc"..., ta't ca nhflng dieu nay budc Trung Qud'e phai tim ra mdt loat cac bien phap giai quye't mang tinh kha thi.
Trong qua trinh tim Idem bien phap cho muc tieu lau dai la trd thanh mpt nfldc Idn ciia the gidi, Trung Qud'e phat hien ra
ring, van hda truyen thd'ng vdi hang ngan nam lich sfl - ngdn ngfl va van hoa - ehinh la sud'i ngudn cho van hda nfldc nay "phat huy rang rd". Trung Qud'e la mpt nfldc Idn ve tai nguyen van hda, nhflng lai khd cd the dfldc coi la "nfldc Idn ve van hda", nguyen nhan vi dau? Trong canh tranh sfle manh mem vdi cac nfldc Idn tren the gidi, Trung Quo'c d trong tinh trang tfldng ddi ye'u the, ngoai viec khan hiem ve phln ciing nhfl khoa hpc va cdng ngh§ ra, nguyen nhan chu ye'u chinh la 5 chd Trung Qudc tan dung chfla het, khai thac chua het ngudn tai nguyen phong phu cua van hda dan tdc cua minh. Xuat phat tfl y tudng 'Van hoa Trung Qudc can phai "di ra ben ngoai", phat huy nic rd tren the gidi, diiu quan trpng la d ehd tim ra sfle ha'p dan va sfle sd'ng cua van hda truyen thd'ng Trung Hoa, lly "Qudc hpc" de chin hflng van hoa va chinh phuc nhan dan tren the gidi", mpt mat Trung Qud'e thuc hien chie'n Ifldc phuc hflng van hoa truyen thd'ng va sfl ddng cam ve van hda ngay cang ndng len trong nfldc tieu bieu nhfl
"cdn sd't Qudc hpc", "Thie'u nhi dgc diln cam cac tac pham kinh dien", "cdn sd^
Luan ngii"... da trd thanh chie'n Ifldc van hoa chfl ye'u.
Bing nhieu hinh thflc khac nhau, mang tren minh nhiem vu dao tao tie'ng Han va giao lflu van hda, "Vien Khdng Tfl" da trd thanh chie'c cau ndi quan trpng cho Trung Qud'e hda minh v6i the gidi, thiic hien mue tieu "De Trung Quo'c bflde ra The gidi; De The gidi hieu ve Trung Quo'c", chinh sach
'•" Tham khao Zhao Kejin, Public Diplomacy: Theory and Practice, Nxb. Ttf Tha, Thaong Hai, 10.2007, ( S h a n g h a i Cishu Press), Shanghai, tr.239.
'^' Tham khao Zhao Kejin, Public Diplomacy: Theory and Practice,T\dd tr.239.
*' Tham khao Zhao Kejin, Public Diplomacy: Theory and PracHce,'ndd. tr.239.
Qjg NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XA Hdi
ngoai giao mang ti'nh chien Ifldc nay da dfldc gin them eai mac "trdi day hda binh", lam cho Trung Quo'c trd thanh "con rdng than thien".
La thfl cdng cu vdi hinh thflc mdi me trong chinh the ngoai giao Trung Qudc dau th6' ky XXt, Vien Khdng Tfl cd hai thupc tinh, nd viia la ngdai giao cdng chiing ciing vfla la ngoai giao van hda. Bdi neu xet ve loai hinh ngoai giao, Vien Khdng Tfl thugc vl ngoai giao van hda, la doi lap vdi ngoai giao kinh te, cdn neu xet ve phfldng thflc ngoai giao thi Vien Khong Tfl lai thupc ve ngoai giao cdng chiing, cd vai trd bd sung cho ngoai giao chinh thflc cua chinh phu.
vay thi, tai sao Trung Qudc can phai thanh lap Vien Khdng Tfl? Trung Qud'e se xay dflng Vien Khdng Tfl vdi nhijtng hinh thflc gi va se lam the nao de xay dflng nen thfldng hieu eua Vien Khong Tfl? NgUdi ta mong chd gi ddi vdi hinh thflc, pham vi hoat dpng, do'i tfldng va md hinh xay dflng ciing nhu cd che dieu hanh cua Vien Khdng Tfl? Phan tiep theo xin trinh bay chi tie't, cu the ve van de nay.
2, Vien Khong Tuf
2.1. Hodn cdnh ra ddi cua Vien Khdng Ta
La cdng cu giao lflu va the chuyen tai van hda quan trpng n h i t cua nhan loai, ngdn ngfl da trd thanh cau noi tang them sfl hieu bie't va hflu nghi gifla nhan dan cac nfldc. Cflng vdi sfl giao lflu ngay cang sau rdng gifla Trung Quo'c va cae nfldc tren the gidi, gia tri van hda va gia tri sfl dung cua tie'ng Han cflng dfldc nang len, vi§c hpc tap tie'ng Han ngay cang dUdc cac nudc va ngUdi dan cfla hp coi trpng.
Nhlm phat trien quan he hflu hao gifla Trung Quo'c va cac nUdc tren the gidi, tang cudng sfl hieu biet cua nhan dan cac nfldc dd'i vdi ngdn ngfl va van hda Trung Quo'c, sti 6-2019
de tao dieu kien hgc tap thuan lgi va td't nha't cho nhflng ngfldi cd nhu clu hpe tap tie'ng Han, Han Ban thanh lap tai nhflng nude cd nhu clu, cd dieu kien xay dflng cd sd trien khai viec dao tao tie'ng Han va truyen ba van hda dan tdc cua Trung Qud'e - "Vien Khdng Tfl", ddng thdi dat tru sd chinh (ggi t i t la Tdng bp Vien Khdng Tfl) tai Bic Kinh, viee lam nay da nhan dflgc sfl coi trgng cua nhieu qud'e gia va khu viic.
Cd the ndi, viee xay dilng Vien Khdng Tfl tai nfldc ngoai la mdt dfl an Idn do nha nUdc Trung Qud'e phat ddng, cung la mdt chien lUdc ngoai giao van hda cua Trung Quo'c trong diu the ky XXI. Bit dau tfl nam 2001, Han Ban da tinh den viec hgc tap kinh nghiem cua mot so' nUdc phat trien trong viec phat trien ngdn ngfl cua dan tdc minh, thanh lap cd sd dao tao va phat trien ngdn ngfl tai nUdc ngoai, cac cd sd dao tao nay chinh la tien than eua Vien Khdng Tfl. Thang 3 nam 2004, cac cd sd dao tao nay chinh thflc dfldc dat ten la
"Vien Khdng Tfl". Phat bieu tai Dai hgi Vien Khdng Tfl lan thfl Hai, ba Trln Chi Lap (Chen Zhili), Uy vien thfldng vu Quo'c vu vien Trung Qud'e, Chu tich Hgi dong Tong bd Vien Khdng Tfl da nhan manh:
"Nen van hda the gidi la da dang va phong phu, viec hpc tap va hpc hdi gifla cac nen van hda khac nhau chinh la yeu cau tat ye'u cua ban than va thuc day van hda va phat trien van hda da nguyen cua the gidi.
La cdng cu chuyen tai trong giao luu trao ddi cua nhan loai, ngdn ngfl da phat huy vai trd ngay cang quan trpng trong vide tang cfldng viec hpc tap va hgc hdi gifla cac nfldc. Nhlm dap flng nhu clu hpc tap tie'ng Han ngay cang tang cfla nhan dan cae nfldc, giflp cho hp dfldc hpe tap tie'ng Han ma khdng cin phai di du hpc, chung tdi quyet dinh thanh lap cd sd dad tao va phat
NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XAHOI [ Q
VIEN KHONG TLT VA NGOAI GIAO...
trien ngdn ngfl tai nfldc ngoai va sfl dung ten ciia nha tfl tfldng, nha giao due ndi tieng thdi Co dai cua Trung Quoc - Khdng Tfl - de dat tdn eho cd sd nay, goi la 'Vi6n Khdng Tu""*"".
Sau hdn mot nam thfl nghiem, Tdng bd Vien Khdng Tfl dfla tren cd sd kit qua cua viec trflng cau y kie'n va kid'n nghi cua cac Vien Khdng Tfl tren the gidi da tien hanh chinh sfla dei vdi "Dieu le heat dgng cua Vien Khdng Tfl", Dieu le nay da ehinh thflc dUdc thdng qua tai Hdi nghi lan thfl Nha't Hdi dong Tong bp Vidn Khdng Tfl td chflc ngay 12.12.2008. Dieu le nay gdm 8 chfldng vdi 40 dieu khoan, la tdn chi boat dpng tUdng dd'i hoan chinh va cd hieu Iflc phap luat. Diiu le nay tfl phan "Nguyen tic chung" de'n "Dieu khoan khac" da de cap kha chi tiet den: Pham vi boat ddng, Tdng bd, Xay dflng thanh lap, Kinh phi, Quan ly, Quyen ldi va nghia vu cua Vien Khdng Tfl<''.
2.2. Tinh hinh hogt dgng cua Vien Khdng Ta tren the gidi vd so sdnh hien trgng phdt trien cua chung
Tinh tfl nam 2004 den thang 12.2018, da cd 548 Vien Khdng Tfl, 1.193 Ldp hpc Khdng Tfl dfldc thanh lap tai 154 quo'c gia va vflng lanh tho. Trong do chau A cd 126 vien tai 34 qud'e gia va vung lanh thd, chau My cd 160 vien tai 24 quo'c gia, chau Au cd 182 vien tai 41 quo'c gia, chau Phi cd 59 vien tai 43 quo'c gia, chau Dai Dfldng cd 21 vien tai 5 qud'e gia. Vl ldp Khdng Tfl, cd 1.193 ldp tai 83 qud'e gia va vflng lanh thd, trong dd chau A cd 59 ldp tai 43 quo'c gia va vflng lanh thd, chau My cd 595 ldp tai 9 qud'e gia, chau Au cd 341 ldp tai 30 quo'c gia, chau Phi cd 41 Idp tai 18 quo'c gia va chau Dai Dfldng cd 102 ldp tai 4 qud'e gia.
TrUdc mat, My la nfldc cd so'lfldng Vien Khdng Tfl va Ldp Khong Tfl nhieu nha't
tren the gidi vdi con so' 105 vien va 501 ldp, tiep theo do l i n Ifldt la Anh (29 vien va 148 ldp), Han Quo'c (23 vien va 4 ldp), Nga (19 vidn va 5 ldp), Dflc (19 vien va 5 ldp), Nhat Ban (15 vien va 8 ldp) va Thai Lan (16 vien va 20 ldp), eac nfldc nay deu la nhflng dd'i tac thfldng mai quan trpng cua Trung Quo'c.
Viec Vien Khdng Tfl phat tri^n vdi td'c dp nhanh chong nhu vay trong gan mUdi lam nam qua, dieu quan trpng la d chd nhu clu cua cac ndi tren the gidi vd cung manh me, tai sao vay? Toe dp phat tridn cua Trung Qud'e lien tuc tang nhanh va dat dfldc nhflng thanh tflu khie'n ngfldi ta kinh ngac, t i m anh hfldng cua Trung Qudc tren trfldng qudc te ngay cang Idn va vi the trong cdng ddng qudc te khdng ngiing nang len lam cho ca the gidi mong mud'n tim hidu ve Trung Qud'e, le tfl nhien se xua't hi§n nhu cau hgc tie'ng Han Idn chfla tflng cd tfl trfldc de'n nay, va cd the ndi ring, Trung Qud'e da b i t kip cd hgi vang nay.
Vien Khdng Tfl nhan dfldc sfl gdi y tfl Vien Goeuthe cua Lien bang Dflc, nhflng md hinh phat trien eua ehflng hean toan khac nhau. Theo tim hieu ciia tac gia thi dai da so' nguon vd'n hoat ddng cua Vien Goeuthe do phia Dflc cung cap, moi lan thanh lap mdt vien mdi thi phia Dflc deu tfl tay lo lieu tfl viec xay dflng tru sd cho den viec td chflc day hpc. Ngflde lai, tuyet dai da sd' Vien Khdng Tfl cua Trung Quo'c lai ap dung md hinh hop tac vdi eac dd'i tac nfldc ngoai, phia Trung Qudc chii yeu chiu trach nhiem ve viec cfl giao vien, tang giao
<"" Tham khao: H a n b a n (2007), Special Edition of the Second Confucius Institute Conference, Beijing, t r . l 9 . '^' Tham khao: H a n b a n (2007), Special Edition of the Second Confucius Institute Conference, Beijing, tr. 50-66.
m
NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XAHH SOe-2019trinh cdn cac thiet bi phan ciing va Iflc Ifldng giao vien cd hiiu chu yeu dfla vao dieu kidn sin cd ciia ben dd'i tac cua nfldc sd tai. Tra ldi phdng van eua phdng vien, ba Hfla Lam (Xu Lin)- chu nhiem Han Ban (giai doan 2004-2016) cho bi^t, flu the oua mo hinh hdp tac hien tai cua Vidn Khdng Td chinh la d cho giup cho chinh phu Trung Qud'e diu tu d mflc han chd' nhflng lai thu dfldc hieu qua cao.
Xet ve mo hinh hdp tac, Vien Khdng Tii ap dung cac hinh thflc rat linh hoat. Vi^n Khdng Tfl sfl dur^ phfldng thflc uy quyen van hanh va dau tfl trflc tiep trong khudn khd dieu kien cho phep nhflng khdng dau tfl lien tue, ciing khdng may moc hgc theo md hinh hdp tac gifla chinh phu vdi ehinh phu nhfl la cua Vien Goueth. Trfldc mit, md hinh hdp tac ciia Vien Khong Tfl diu la quan hd ddi dang, chfl yeu phan lam ba loai: Tha nhdt, hdp tac vdi trfldng Dai hgc hoac trung hgc cua nfldc ngoai, day cung chinh la md hinh phd bie'n nhai; Tha hai, hgp tac vdi cac to chflc doan the xa hdi; Tha ba, hdp tac vdi cac doanh nghiep.
Xet ve phfldng thfle quan ly, Vien Khdng Ttt thflc hien theo cd che thanh lap Hgi ddng quan tri dieu hanh va Vien trfldng chiu trach nhiem thi hanh, chu yeu do phia nfldc ngoai quan ly.
Xet ve mflc dau tfl kinh phi, Vien Khdng Tfl tai cac ndi tren the gidi deu ed sfl khac biet tfly theo quy md va hinh thflc thanh lap. Trong dd, kinh phi cua tuyet dai bd phan cac Vien Khdng Tfl do hai ben Trung Quo'c va phia dd'i tac nfldc ngoai cung ganh vac, ehi cd mdt bd phan rat it la do Han Ban diu tfl dgc lap hoae do Han Ban uy quyen nhflng khdng chi kinh phi dau tfl.
Xet v l edng tac bien soan giao trinh, trudc m i t phia Trung Quo'c dang dd'c sfle sd 8-2019
chd viee bien scan nhiiu loai giao trinh tieng Trung can cfl theo quy luat cua giang day ngoai ngfl thfl hai, nhlm vao tflng dd'i tfldng ngfldi hpc khdng gid'ng nhau de bien soan ra nhflng cud'n giao trinh phu hdp vdi cac nin van hda khic nhau, eac nfldc khac nhau va eac ngfl hd khac nhau, dong thdi, Vien Khong Tii Cling chu trgng de'n vln d l cap nhat thdng tin va cac bien phap tao dieu kien thuan tien cho ngfldi hpc thdng qua sfl dung MPS, MP4 va Internet. Day chinh la diiu ma Trung Qud'e mong mud'n tao ra sfl mdi me trong giao lflu gifla cac nen van hda khac nhau ma khdng hi dong hda cua lich sfl van minh nhan loai, nd cflng chinh la diem cdn thieu sdt trong y tfldng va qua trinh truyen ba van hda cua minh ra nfldc ngoai cua cac nude Idn khac.
2.3. Y nghia cua Vien Khdng Ta ddi vdi ngoai giao vdn hoa cua Trung Qudc
Thang 8 nam 2008, Trung Qudc da thanh cdng trong viee dang cai td chflc Th§'van hpi lan thfl 29. Trong ll khai mac.
In tfldng sau sic nha't la hinh anh cua cupn giay khong Id tai hien nghe thuat thfl phap va tranh thuy mac, tflng chfl tfldng hinh xua't hien len xud'ng, ldi ra lorn vao. Mot chfl "Hda" (^0 he) khdng id tholt an tholt hien vdi cac kieu font chfl khac nhau, dfla khan gia di tfl Trung Quo'c cd dai din vdi Trung Qud'e hien dai... mong mud'n lam cho nhan dan tren the gidi hidu, yeu quy, tdn trpng, va tan dong dd'i vdi
"Van hda "Hda"- Hda binh, Hai hda" ddi vdi Trung Quo'c.
Khdng cin phai ban cai gi trUdc nhflng ddng gdp to Idn cua Vien Khdng Tfl dd'i vdi viec xay diing va nang cao hinh anh qudc gia td't dep cua Trung Quo'c trong cdng ddng qud'e te cflng nhfl y tfldng ngoai giao la xay dflng mdt the gidi hai hda, tfl sfl ra ddi, xay NHAN LUC KHOA HOC X A H O I Qj^
VIEN KHONG TIT VA NGOAI GL^O..
dflng va qua trinh phat trien hien nay cua Vien Khdng Tfl da tao cho ngoai giao van hda cua Trung Qudc mdt be phdng vd ciing quan trpng.
Bit dau tfl thap ky 90 cua the ky XX, viec hgc tieng Han b mdt sd' qudc gia va khu vflc da d in dan trd thanh mot trao lflu, nhflng ban dau cung chi la nhu eau ve viec lam chfl khdng phai la do ngudi hpc thilc sU mud'n tim hieu v l Trung Qudc cung nhu van hda Trung Qudc. Tie'p theo do, so' Ifldng ngfldi hgc tie'ng Han ngay cang tang len, va nhu clu cua hg khdng chi dling lai d viec hgc ngdn ngfl nfla, ngfldi hgc con mud'n hieu biet ve da't nfldc con ngUdi Trung Quo'c, ve xa hdi Trung Quo'c dUdng dai, va hp thi nhau den Trung Qudc du hpc, ngay cang cd nhieu cac trUdng dai hgc cua cac nude cung thanh lap khoa tie'ng Trung Qud'e hoac nganh tieng Trung Qudc..., tao nen "cdn sd't tie'ng Han" khlp toan clu.
Tfl "cdn sd't tie'ng Han" de'n "cdn sd't Vien Khdng Tii" la bUde chuyen minh cfla qua trinh tfl hoan thien minh va the hidn tinh Uu viet cfla ngdn ngfl van hda Trung Qud'e. Vien Khdng Tfl da trd thanh thUdng hieu ndi bat nha't trong boat dgng truyen ba van hda ra nUde ngoai cua Trung Qud'e trong thdi ky dau the ky XIX, la thfl cdng cu de md rdng t i m anh hfldng cua Trung Qud'e do'i vdi the gidi va chuyen tai y tfldng hflu hao den cong ddng qud'e te.
3. Vien Khong Tii tai k h u vflc Dong Nam A
Rieng tai khu viic Ddng Nam A, ndi cd dac thfl ve sd' lugng ngUdi Hoa va Hoa kilu tap trung ddng nhat tren the' gidi, cd 37 Vien Khdng Tfl va 35 ldp Khdng Tfl.
Trong thdi gian cud'i thang 5 va dau thang 8 nam 2008, tac gia cd dip de'n tham va khao sat thfle te tai Tdng bd Vien
Khdng Tfl tai Bic Kinh va 3 Vien Khdng Tfl, 1 Ldp Khdng Tfl tai cac nfldc Dong Nam A (tai Singapore tham 01 Vien Khdng Tfl, tai Thailand tham 02 Vien Khdng Tfl va 01 Ldp Khdng Tfl). Qua chuye'n di thflc te nay, tac gia nhan ra rang vi§c Trung Qudc xay dflng Vien Khdng Tfl tai nfldc ngoai ne'u chi dfla vao sfl no Ifle cfla cac trfldng hpc hoac cd sd giad due cua hai ben thi chfla dii, vi dai da sd' nhflng Vien Khdng Tfl xay dflng thanh cdng diu dfla vao sfl iing hd, giflp dd ve nhan Ifle, vat chat va tai chinh cua chinh phu, ehinh quyen va nhan si cac gidi cua nfldc sd tai.
Tai Viet Nam: Sau thdi gian dam phan kha dai, Vien Khdng Tfl tai TrUdng Dai hgc Ha Ndi da dupc thanh lap thang 12/2014 dudi sU ehflng kie'n eua cac lanh dao cap cao cua hai nfldc, day la Vien Khdng Tfl dau tien d Viet Nam va dang la cd sd duy nha't tinh d§'n thdi diem hien tai.
Ve Ton chi ldm viec: La ddn vi do hai trudng Dai hpc Ha Ndi, Viet Nam va Dai hpe Su pham Quang Tay, Trung Quo'c hdp tac thanh lap dUdi sfl diu tfl, tai trd cua Tdng bd Vien Khdng Tfl, Trung Qudc (Han Ban). Ngay 27 thang 12 nam 2014 dudi sfl chflng kien cua lanh dao cap cao hai nfldc Viet - Trung, Vien Khdng Tfl tai Trfldng Dai hgc Ha Npi dfldc chinh thflc gin bien thanh lap. Vien Khong Tfl ra ddi nhlm thflc day md'i quan he hdp tac gifla hai TrUdng, tang cfldng sfl hieu bie't ciia nhflng ngfldi hpc tiling Han tai Viet Nam dd'i vdi Van hda va Ngon ngfl Trung Qud'e, md rpng quang ba vl Van hda va Ngdn ngfl Trung Qudc tai Viet Nam, tao dieu kien td't nha't cho viec hpc tap va tim hieu van hda Trung Qud'e. Dac biet la tang them tinh hdp tac hflu nghi gifla nhan dan hai nfldc.
[ Q l NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XAHOI Sd 6-2919
Cd cdu, tinh chdt: Vien Khdng Tfl ve tinh chit la mpt td chflc xa hpi phi ldi nhuan xay dflng tren cd sd nhiem vu tuyen truyen, gidi thieu van hda Trung Qudc va hd trd v l giang day tie'ng Han tai Vi6t Nam tren cd sd tuan thu, tdn trgng quy dinh va phap luat cua nfldc sd tai, chiu sfl kidm tra va giam sat cua cac cd quan hanh chinh lien quan.
Ndi dung cdng viec: Vien Khdng Tfl cd nhidm vu md rdng va phat trien giang day Han ngfl, chu ye'u thflc hien cac cdng viec nhfl sau: a) Td ehflc cac khda hoc ngin han cho eae bac dai hgc, trung hgc cd sd va trung hpe phd thdng; b) To chflc cac Idp nang cao trinh dp nghiep vu cho giao vien Han ngfl; e) Td chflc, md cac khda hgc Han ngfl cho cac loai hinh (Tap ddan doanh nghiep, dao tao trUdc khi du hgc, tap hua'n nghe, dn luyen) va ky nang (Phien dich, Du lich, ThUdng mai, Tai chinh, Trung y);
d) To chflc thi va d p chflng chi tfldng flng cho cac bac hgc va nghiep vu giang day; e) To chflc eac hoat ddng gidi thieu ve van hda Trung Qud'e va giao lflu van hda Viet - Trung; ¥) Cung d p cac dich vu tfl van ve van hda va giao due ciia Trung Qud'e; g) Td chflc cac hoat dgng dfldc Uy ban Han ngfl Qudc gia giao hoac fly quyin td chflc.
4. Mot so n h a n xet ban dau ve Vien Khong T^
Vien Khdng Tfl la mot cd sd dao tao tie'ng Han tai nUdc ngoai, dong thdi eiing la canh cfla de nhan dan eac nUde tim hieu ve Trung Qudc, la ndi de thuc day giao lflu hdp tac gifla Trung Qud'e va cac nfldc tren the gidi. Chinh vi vay, Vien Khdng Tfl va khoa tieng Trung eua cac trfldng dai hgc nen xay dflng va duy tri quan he bd sung cung cd ldi, hdn nfla cdn thuc day sfl phat trien cua cac nganh khda hpc nhan van khac trong trfldng dai hgc dd.
sd 6-2019
Van minh 5000 nam cua dan tdc Trung Hoa va van hda truyen thd'ng Trung Qud'e la di san quy bau cua nhan loai, viec ti§'n hanh bao tdn, phat huy va quang ba nd tuy la mdt cdng viec vinh du nhUng ciing nhieu khd khan, day la sfl cd'ng hien eho nhan dan the gidi va ngay ehinh vdi ban than cua Trung Qud'e. Khdng T^ la nhan vat dai dien cho van hda truyen thd'ng Trung Qud'e, viec Ifla chgn ten dng lam thfldng hidu cho cdng tae giang day tieng Han ehinh la mpt sfl danh dau cua phuc hflng van hda truyen thd'ng Trung Qudc.
Trong nhflng nam diu mdi trien khai, nhflng bieu hien trong muc tieu, phfldng thflc va td'c dp phat trien cua Vien Khdng Tfl da bdc lg ra't nhieu nhflng bat cap trong cdng tac quan ly, gay ra sfl hoai nghi cua ngfldi trong va ngoai cudc ve
"hanh vi phi nha nUdc" hoac "hinh thflc chu nghia" dd'i vdi Vien Khdng Tfl. Trung Quo'c phai lam gi cung nhu phai dieu chinh cac chinh sach va bien phap cd lien quan nhU the nao de xay dflng thfldng hieu Vien Khdng Tfl, dly manh nghien cflu chie'n Ifldc phat trien ben vflng cfla Vien Khdng Tfl la va'n de ma eac nha xay dflng sach Ifldc truyen ba van hda ra nfldc ngoai cua cac cd quan hflu quan eua chinh phu Trung Qud'e va cac nha nghien cflu quan tam ngay cang nhieu.
Vay nang cao chat lugng dao tao cua Vien Khdng Tfl can giai quye't nhflng van de ^ ? Dd chinh la giai quye't ba van de:
giao trinh, giao vien va phfldng phap giang day, ma Trung Qud'e vdi tfl each la nUdc cd tie'ng Han la tie'ng me de se phai cd trach nhiem va nghia vu de giflp dd cho cdng viec nay.
De giai quye't nhflng van de tren day, Vien Khdng tfl da rat chfl trpng thuc day hdp tac bien soan giao trinh gifla Trung NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XA Hdi [ Q ]
VIEN K H 6 N G TU" VA N G O A I GLVO...
dling va qua trinh phat trien hien nay ciia Vien Khdng Tfl da tao cho ngoai giao van hda cua Trung Qud'e mpt be phdng vd cflng quan trgng.
Bat dau tfl thap ky 90 cua the ky XX, viec hgc tieng Han d mdt so' quo'c gia va khu vflc da dan dan trd thanh mdt trao lflu, nhflng ban dau cung chi la nhu cau ve viec lam chfl khdng phai la do ngudi hpc thuc su mud'n tim hieu ve Trung Qudc cung nhu van hda Trung Qudc. Tie'p theo do, so' Ifldng ngfldi hpc tie'ng Han ngay cang tang len, va nhu clu cua hg khdng chi dflng lai d viec hpc ngdn ngfl nfla, ngUdi hgc cdn mudn hieu biet ve dit nUdc con ngfldi Trung Qudc, vl xa hpi Trung Qudc dUdng dai, va hg thi nhau den Trung Qud'e du hgc, ngay cang cd nhieu cac trudng dai hpc cua cae nUdc cung thanh lap khoa tieng Trung Quo'c hoac nganh tie'ng Trung Qud'e..., tao nen "cdn sd't tid'ng Han" khlp toan clu.
Tfl "cdn sd't tieng Han" de'n "cdn sd't Vien Khdng Tfl" la bflde chuyen minh cua qua trinh tfl hoan thien minh va the hien tinh Uu viet cua ngdn ngfl van hda Trung Qud'e. Vien Khdng Tfl da trd thanh thfldng hieu ndi bat nhat trong boat ddng truyen ba van hda ra nfldc ngoai cua Trung Quo'c trong thdi ky dau the ky XIX, la thfl edng cu de md rdng tam anh hfldng ciia Trung Qud'e doi vdi the gidi va ehuyen tai y tfldng hflu hao den cdng ddng qud'e te.
3. Vien Khong Tii tai k h u vflc Dong Nam A
Rieng tai khu vile Ddng Nam A, ndi cd dac thfl ve se' Ifldng ngfldi Hoa va Hoa kieu tap trung ddng nha't tren the gidi, cd 37 Vien Khdng Tfl va 35 ldp Khdng Tfl.
Trong thdi gian cudi thang 5 va dau thang 8 nam 2008, tae gia cd dip de'n tham va khao sat thflc te tai Tdng bp Vien [ Q ] NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XA Hdi
Khdng Tfl tai Bic Kinh va 3 Vien Khdng Tfl, 1 Ldp Khdng Tfl tai cae nfldc Ddng Nam A (tai Singapore tham 01 Vien Khdng Tfl, tai Thailand tham 02 Vien Khdng Tfl va 01 Ldp Khdng Tfl). Qua chuy§'n di thflc te nay, tac gia nhan ra ring viec Trung Qudc xay dflng Vien Khdng Tfl tai nfldc ngoai ne'u ehi dfla vao sfl nd Iflc cua cac trfldng hpc hoac cd sd giao due cua hai ben thi chua du, vi dai da sd' nhflng Vien Khdng Tfl xay dflng thanh cdng deu dfla vao sfl ung hp, giup dd ve nhan Iflc, vat cha't va tai chinh cua chinh phfl, chinh quyin va nhan si cac gidi ciia nUdc sd tai.
Tai Viet Narru Sau thdi gian dam phan kha dai, Vien Khdng Tfl tai TrUdng Dai hgc Ha Npi da dfldc thanh lap thang 12/2014 dudi sfl chflng kien cua cac lanh dao cap cao cua hai nfldc, day la Vien Khdng Tfl diu tien d Viet Nam va dang la ed sd duy nha't tinh de'n thdi diem hien tai.
Vi Ton chi ldm viec: La ddn vi dd hai trfldng Dai hgc Ha Ndi, Viet Nam va Dai hgc Sfl pham Quang Tay, Trung Qud'e hdp tac thanh lap dfldi sfl dau tfl, tai trd cua Tdng bd Vien Khdng Tfl, Trung Qudc (Han Ban). Ngay 27 thang 12 nam 2014 dudi sU ehflng kien cua lanh dao cap cao hai nfldc Viet - Trung, Vien Khdng Tfl tai Trfldng Dai hgc Ha Ngi dfldc ehinh thflc gin bien thanh lap. Vien Khdng Tfl ra ddi nhlm thflc day mo'i quan he hdp tac gifla hai TrUdng, tang cfldng sfl hieu bid't cua nhflng ngfldi hgc tieng Han tai Viet Nam dd'i vdi Van hda va Ngon ngfl Trung Qud'e, md rdng quang ba ve Van hda va Ngdn ngfl Trung Qudc tai Viet Nam, tao dieu kien td't nha't cho viec hgc tap va tim hieu van hda Trung Quo'c. Dac biet la tang them tinh hdp tac hflu nghi gifla nhan dan hai nfldc.
SO 6-2019
Cdcdu, tinh chdt: Vien Khdng Tfl v l tinh cha't la mot td chflc xa hgi phi lgi nhuan xay dflng tren cd sd nhiem vu tuydn truyen, gidi thiSu van hda Trung Qudc va hd trd ve giang day tie'ng Han tai Viet Nam tren cd sd tuan thu, tdn trpng quy dinh va phap luat cua nfldc sd tai, chiu sfl kiem tra va giam sat cua cac cd quan hanh chinh lien quan.
Ngi dung cdng viec: Vidn Khdng Tfl cd nhiem vu md rpng va phat trien giang day Han ngfl, chu ye'u thflc hien cac cdng viec nhfl sau: a) Td ehflc cac khda hgc ngan ban cho cac bac dai hgc, trung hgc cd sd va trung hgc phd thdng; b) To chflc cac ldp nang eao trinh dp nghiep vu eho giao vien Han ngfl; c) Td chflc, md cac khda hpc Han ngfl cho eae loai hinh (Tap ddan doanh nghiep, dao tao trfldc khi du hpc, tap huln nghe, dn luyen) va ky nang (Phien dieh, Du lich, ThUdng mai, Tai chinh, Trung y);
d) To chflc thi va cap chflng chi tUdng flng cho cac bae hpe va nghiep vu giang day; e) To chflc cac hoat dpng gidi thieu ve van hda Trung Qudc va giao lflu van hda Viet - Trung; f) Cung cap cac dich vu tU va'n v l van hda va giao due cua Trung Qudc; g) Td chflc cae hoat ddng dfldc Uy ban Han ngfl Qudc gia giao hoac uy quyen td chflc.
4. Mot so nhan xet ban dau ve Vien Khong Tit
Vien Khdng Tfl la mdt cd sd dao tao tie'ng Han tai nUdc ngoai, ddng thdi cung la canh cfla de nhan dan cac nfldc tim hieu ve Trung Qud'e, la ndi de thuc day giao lUu hop tac gifla Trung Quo'c va eac nfldc tren the gidi. Chinh vi vay, Vien Khdng Tfl va khoa tie'ng Trung cua cac trfldng dai hgc nen xay dflng va duy tri quan he bd sung cung cd ldi, hdn nfla cdn thfle day sfl phat trien cua cac nganh khoa hgc nhan van khac trong trUdng dai hgc dd.
SO 6-2919
Van minh 5000 nam cua dan tdc Trung Hoa va van hda truyin thd'ng Trung Quo'c la di san quy bau cua nhan loai, viec tien hanh bao tdn, phat huy va quang ba nd tuy la mdt cdng viec vinh dU nhUng ciing nhieu khd khan, day la sil cd'ng hien ehd nhan dan the gidi va ngay chinh vdi ban than cua Trung Quo'c. Khdng Tfl la nhan vat dai dien eho van hda truyen thd'ng Trung Qud'e, viec liia chgn ten dng lam thUdng hieu cho cdng tac giang day tie'ng Han chinh la mot sU danh dau eua phuc hung van hda truyin thd'ng Trung Quoc.
Trong nhflng nam dau mdi trien khai, nhflng bieu hien trong rauc tidu, phfldng thflc va td'c dp phat trien cua Vidn Khdng Tfl da bdc Id rat nhieu nhflng bat cap trong cdng tac quan ly, gay ra sfl hoai nghi cua ngfldi trdng va ngoai cudc ve
"hanh vi phi nha nfldc" hoac "hinh thflc chu nghia" ddi vdi Vien Khong Tfl. Trung Quo'c phai lam gi cflng nhfl phai dieu chinh cac chinh sach va bien phap ed lien quan nhfl the nao de xay dflng thUdng hieu Vien Khdng Tfl, day manh nghien cflu chie'n lUdc phat trien hen vflng cua Vien Khdng Tfl la van de ma cac nha xay dung sach Ifldc truyen ba van hda ra nude ngoai cua cac cd quan hflu quan cua chinh phu Trung Qud'e va cac nha nghien cflu quan tam ngay cang nhieu.
Vay nang cao chat lUdng dao tao cua Vien Khdng Tfl can giai quye't nhflng van de gi? Do ehinh la giai quye't ba van de:
giao trinh, giao vien va phfldng phap giang day, ma Trung Quo'c vdi tu each la nUdc cd tieng Han la tie'ng me de se phai cd trach nhiem va nghia vu de giflp dd cho cdng viec nay.
De giai quyet nhflng va'n de tren day, Vien Khdng tfl da rat chfl trpng thuc day hdp tac bien soan giao trinh gifla Trung
NHAN LUC KHOA HOC XAHOI [ Q
VIEN KHONG TU" VA NGOAI GL\0...
Qud'e va ben ddi tac, tang nhanh to'c dp dia phfldng hda dpi ngu giao vien Han ngfl, thflc hien nghiem tuc trong viee hgc hdi kinh nghiem xay dflng cd sd dao tao ngdn ngfl van hda thanh edng cua cac nfldc, tfl dd hinh thanh phfldng phap giang day tieng Han dd'i vdi nhflng loai ngdn ngfl co ngudn gdc tie'ng me de khac nhau. Chinh vi ngfl he gifla tie'ng Han va cac thfl tieng khac khdng gid'ng nhau nen sfl khac biet trong thdi quen tfl duy va hoan canh van hda, vi§c bien soan ngi dung giao trinh va phfldng phap giang day phfl hdp vdi phong tuc tap quan va tinh hinh mdi nfldc la mot nhiem vu lau dai va gian kho. Dieu nay cin ed sfl nd Iflc cua ca hai ben mdi cd the khic phuc khd khan va gianh dfldc thanh cdng.
Vidn Khdng Tfl ban than da la mot thfldng hieu, vdi phUdng thflc la tuyen truyen, cdng cu la ngdn ngfl van hda va chien lUdc chinh la ngoai giao van hda.
Thdng thudng chflng ta diu cho rang, ngoai giao van hda va xay dflng thUdng hieu td't dep cua da't nfldc la hinh anh va bien phap dd'i ngoai, thflc ra, ca hai diiu nay n§n eiing bao gdm trong tuydn truyen ddi ndi va dd'i ngoai. Trung Qud'e lam td't Vien Khdng Tfl trfldc het la "lam de cho minh xem" chfl khdng phai "lam cho ngfldi khac xem trfldc"! Tae gia cho rang, trfldc mat Trung Qudc can tang cfldng edng tac quan ly dd'i vdi chie'n Ifldc ngoai giao quang ba van hoa va ngdn ngfl tren trfldng qud'e te dd'i vdi tie'ng Han, lam cho viec xay diing Vien Khong Tfl trd thanh cdng viec mang tinh thflc chit, co hieu qua va ed y nghia thflc sfl. Dong thdi, cac ed quan chflc nang hflu quan cua chinh phu Trung Qudc cung cin phai tie'n hanh tuyen truyen trong nfldc de cho ngfldi dan Trung Quo'c biit v l Vien Khdng Tfl, de tfl
dd se hieu va ung hd chinh phu trong qua trinh xay dflng, phat tridn va trien vpng trong tfldng lai ciia Vi7en Khdng Tfl.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 1. Zhang You wen, Huang Renwei (2007), China's International Status Report 2007, Nxb. Nhan Dan, Beijing.
2. Wang Jisi (2007), World Politics Views From China, Niu Jun: ChinaUs Foreign Affairs, Nxb. The gidi mdi, Beijing.
3. Li Zhi (2006), Cultural Diplomacy:
An Interpretative Mode of Communication, Nxb. Dai hpc Ble Kinh, Beijing.
4. Zhao Kejin (2007), Public Diplomacy:
Theory and Practice, Nxb. Tfl Thfl, Thfldng Hai, (Shang hai Cishu Press), Shanghai.
5. Banh Tan Lfldng (2008), "Ngoai giao van hda & quyin Ifle mIm Trung Quoc: gdc nhin toan clu hda", Beijing, Nxb. Giang day
& Nghien cflu ngoai ngfl, Tr. 464;
{tm^ : iXit^'^^^m^'^ti : - # ^
6. Hanban, Special Edition of the Second Confucius Institute Conference, 2007-2014, Beijing.
7. Hanban: Confucius Institute Headquarters and the Office of Chinese Language Council International 2007 Annual Report", 2007-2014, Beijing.
8. Thdng tin ve Vien Khdng Tfl tren website cua Hanban http://www. hanban.
edu.cn
9. Dai hpc Ha Npi: "Le ky Bien ban ghi nhd ve viec thanh lap Hpc vien Khdng Tfl"
http://www.hanu.vn/index. php? option
=com_content&task=view
&id=197&Itemid=43
[ j g N H A N LUC KHOA HOC XAHOI SO 6-2619
I L : ^
NHAN UJC
KHOA HOC XAHOI
NCS. Vu Manh Dung bao ve thanh cong luan an tien siTriet hgc tgi Hoc vien Khoa hocxa hgi. Thing 6/2019.
NCS. Ha Thi Lan Phitang bao ve thanh cong luan dn tien si Lugt hgc tgi Hgc vien Khoa hgcxa hgi. Thdng 6/2019.
