TAP CIJ CONB TldflNG
T H U C T R A N G LfNG DUNG CONG NGHE THONG TIN TRONG PHAT TRIEN DU LICH d VIET NAM
t PHAM TH! THUY UNH
TOM TAT:
Tnfde lac dgng manh me cua each mang cong nghiep 4.0, viec u'ng dung cong ngh? thong tin (CNTT) trong linh vu'c du lich di/dc coi la gia i phdp dot pha de tao ldi th6' thu hut du khdch, nang cao nang idc canh tranh va hpi nhap quoc te. Tuy nhien, vi?c d'ng dung CNTT trong nga nh Du lich d Viet Nam van chiTa dai 6d<ic nhd ky vong.
Bai viet nghien cd'u thi/c trang dng dung CNTT cung nhif neu ra nhO'ng han che con ion tai irong phdt tnen du ljch d Viel Nam.
Ttf khoa: Cong nghe thong tin, du lich, cdch mang cong nghiep 4.0.
1. t)al v5n d6
Cng dung cong nghe thong tin co \ai iro quan Irong trong ta't ca cdc linh vu'c chinh tri, kinh te - xa hoi cua mot quo'c gia. dac biel la trong viec phat trien nganh Du ljch. O Viet Nam. vai tro nay da du'de the hien ihong qua Quyei dmh 1671/QD - TTg 2018 phe duyel "De an tong the iJng dung cong nghe thong tin trong linh vifc du lich giai doan 201S - 2020. dinh hifdng de'n nam 2025" cua Thu lu'dng Chinh phu.
De an neu ro "Ung dung cong nghe thong tin nhdm phat trien he sinh thai du lich thong minh.
chu dong dap dng nhu cau dac thu. chuyen biet cua lhi trifdng khach du lich, ho trd doanh nghiep du lich ket noi hieu qua vdi cac chu the lien quan.
lao moi trtfdng cho cong dong. cac doanh nghiep khcli nghiep -idng iao phii hop vdi \u hu'dng cua cuoc each mang cong nghiep lan thu* td. dap dng }eu cau \ e ddi mdi phu'dng thdc. nang cao hieu life, hicu qua cong tac quan K' nha nu'dc. gdp
phan thuc day tang tru'dng va nang cao ndng life canh Iranh cua du lich Viel Nam".
2. Thifc trang ii'ng dung cong ngh0 thdng tin trong phat trien du lich oT Viet Nam
2. /. Nhifng ke't qud dgt dUdc
Nam 2019, du Hch Viet Nam da cd nhiJng bddc phat trien dot pha, dong gop vao sif tang tri/dng chung cua nen kinh te'. (Bang 1)
So'liSu tif Bang 1 cho tha'y, du Iich ngay cang khang dinh vai tro la nganh kinh te quan trong.
Theo thong ke cua Hiep hpi Thifdng mai dientS Viet Nam (VECOM). ty le khach du lich trong nddc dat phong khach san va dat lour trifc tuyen dat hdn 60%; ty le khach du lich quoc te'sil'dung hai dich vu nay dat hdn 75%. Theo mpt khaosiii khiic vdi khach du lich quo'c le'de'n Viet Nam,c(3 tdi 71 % du khach tham khao ihong tin diem den tren Internet: M'/c dat cho va mua dich vu infc tuye'n trong chuyen di de'n Vict Nam.
Co the thay. khdch du lich su- dung Iniemel, c^c
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Bang 1: Thong ke du lich Viet Nam nam 2019
r chissu
1. Khach du lich quocle 2. Khach du l|ch noi dja 3. "ling Ihu tir khach dulich
Bon VI j Trieu luat Trieu luot Nghin ty dong
Nam 2019 18 85 726
Tang tn/dng so vdi nam 2018 (%) 16,2
6,3 17,1
ucn ich ihong minh, cdc thie't bi thong minh de tim kifi'm thdng tin du lich, tham khao diem de'n, so sdnh vh Ida chpn cdc dich vu du ljch hdp ly, thifc hifin cdc giao djch mua tour, dat phong, mua ve mdy bay, thanh todn trifc tuyen... ngay cang cd xu hifdng gia tdng. Dieu nay chiJng to tam quan trpng cua i?ng dung cong nghe thong lin trong phat trien du lich ciia Viet Nam.
Vi^c dng dung cong nghe thong tin trong phat irien du Ijch cua Viet Nam trong thdi gian qua da dat difdc mpl so' ket qua sau:
- Tbd nhd't, hd trg cung cd'p thong tin vd gdp phdn qudng bd du ljch.
Hlnh thdc cung cap thong lin du lich pho bien nha't hien nay la thong qua cac he iho'ng website, congthdng tin, trang thong tin dien tif, bdo dien td, Trong nhdng nam gdn day, 100% cd quan quan ly du lich \a hau he't cac doanh nghiep du lich Viet Nam da co website rieng. Ngoai ra, cac nha lap trinh c6n thid'i ke, tich hdp nhieu tinh nang, tien ich da dang iren nen tang web ho trd cac hoat ddng du lich. nhif: ban do du lich dien id, chiTc nang booking online, thanh toan trdc tuyen, tif va'n trifc luyfi'n, cham sdc khach hang trifc tuye'n, cdc chu'c nang quy doi lien te, dif bao thdi tie't.. Tham chi, nd c6n cd lhe lao sif tddng tac trifc tie'p vdi khdch du lich, nhif: gdp y, phan anh, binh luan ve cac sif kien du Ijch. Ben canh cac he tho'ng website, mang xa hpi cung la mpt trong nhO'ng kenh quan trpng trong viec chia se ihong tin, trai nghiem va gdp phan quang badu lich.
• Thd hat, lunh thdnh vd phdt trien nhieu phdn mem, lifn ich thong minh trong du lich.
Nam 20IS, Ha Npi da dda vao suTdung 2 phan ni^m h6 Ird du khach. gom; he tho'ng thuye't minh WdOng lai di tich Vdn Mieu - Quoc Tu' Gidm va phdn mem hddng dan tham quan Hoang Thanh Thang Long.
TP, Ho Chi Minh cung dda vSo sd dung mot so' tram thong tin du lich thong minh: phan mem du
Ngudn: Tong cue Du licb vd tdng hgp ciia tcic gid
lich "Vibrant Ho Chi Minh City" va mpl so' phan mem tien ich khac. nhd: "Sai Gon Bus". "Ho Chi Minh City Travel Guide". "Ho Chi Minh City Guide and Map".
Da Ndng cung la mpt trong nhifng dia phddng di dau trong viec irien khai dng dung cong nghe thong un irong nganh Du Uch. Ngoai viec ihifdng xuyen sd dung cdc phu'dng phap marketing dien ttJ"
de quang ba du lich. Da Ndng rat quan tam xay ddng cac he thd'ng phan mem. lien ich ho ird du khach nhd "Da Nang Tourism". "inDaNang", "Go!
Da Nang", "Da Nang Bus". Dflc biet, dau ndm 2018, Da Ndng du'a vao sddung dng dung Chaibot
"Da Nang Fanlasticity". day la cong nghe dddcsiJ dung dau tien lai Viel Nam va Dong Nam A (ciJng vdi Singapore).
Ngoai ra. mot so' dia phddng khac - nhif Hai Phdng, Quang Ninh. Ninh Binh. Quang Bmh, Can Thd..., cung dang phd'i hdp lich cifc vdi cac tap doan vign thong de trien khai nhdng dd an du lich Ihdng minh. san xua't cac phan mem. tien ich thdng minh cho nganh Du lich.
- Tln'f ba. gdp phdn pluil irien vd hodn thien hg ldng mgng.
Phat trien va hoan thien ha tang mang ia dieu kien quan trpng de trien khai cac hoal ddng du lich trifc tuyen. Nhan thdc du'de digu nay, nhieu diem de'n du lich trong nddc da va dang lap dat cdc tram phdi wifi miSn phi. Tai Ha Ndi. cac diem dddc ldp dat tram phat wifi miin phi nhd: khu vifc quanh bd ho Hoiin Kiem. cac khu pho co'. dddng hoa, chp hoa, cong vien. be'n xe. tuye'n buyl. hay tai mot so diem du lich nhd: Bai Trang. Van Phue, Hoang Thanh Thang Long. Van Mieu - Qud'e Td Giam.
Tai TP. Ho Chi Minh. hdn 100 diem phat wifi miin phi da dddc trien khai cho 3 khu vdc benh vien, trddng hgc. diem cong cpng lai cac quan irunsiam va gan 1000 diem phat wifi miin phi tai cdc khu cong nghiep. khu che xua't tren dia ban Ihanh phd'.
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Tai Da Nang. id ndm 2012. Thanh phd'da dau Id gan 2 trieu USD cho dd an phu sdng wifi. Den nay. tren dia ban da cd ldi gan 500 tram phat tren ta'l ca cac tuye'n dddng phd' chinh. cac diem dulich dpc bd bien. cdc diem du lich dpc bd sdng Han.
cac trung tam mua sdm, trung lam hanh chinh, cac diem du lich va cdc diem cong cdng khac. Ngoai ra, ra'l nhieu dja phddng khde trong ca nddc da va dang tich cdc trien khai phii sdng «]fi mien phi.
nhd: Quang Ninh. Hai Phong. Hue, Quang Binh.
Da Lal, Can Thd
Ndm 2016. san giao dich du lich trdc tu\en (Tripi) dau tien xuat hien lai Viet Nam. cho phep giao dich cac tour trpn gdi, khach san va ve may bay. Ddc biei. Tripi con cho phep khach hang tim kiem, so sdnh gid cac san phamdu lich va cap nhal chinh xdc 24/24 tinh trang san pham. IVIVU (ivivu.com) cung la mdt trong nhu'ng san giao dich du ljch ldn. cho phep khach du lich tim kiem ihdng lin. so sanh. Ida chpn va thifc hien cac giao dich ddt lour, mua ve may bay, dat phdng khdch san vdi hdn 300 lour du lich, hdn 5.000 khdch san tai Viei Nam vh 345.000 khach san toan the'gidi. De'n nay.
Viet Nam cd khoang 10 san giao dich du lich.
2.2. Nhifng hgn che con ton tgi
Nganh Du Iich Viet Nam dang tij'ng bddc liep can va dng dung rong rai CNTT trong phdt trien du lich. tuy nhien van cdn ton lai mdt so' han che' nhif:
- i\!di dg sdn .sdng cho dng dung va phdt then cdng nghe thdng tin chUa cao.
Dieu nay the hien ihdng qua chi so' xep hang
\ e mdc dd sdn sang cho dng dung vd phat trien cdng nghe thdng lin - iruyen thdng ciia Bd Van hda - The thao \a Du lich. trong giai doan tiJnam 2015 - 2018 chi xepdvi tri trung binh kha trong tong so' 19 bp. nganh. Dac biet, cdc chi so' ve ha tang ky Ihuat \ il chi so dng dung CNTT nhieu nam xe'p d
\'i tri trung binh \ eu
Do'i vdi cap dia phddng. ngoai tri^ 5 dia phddng cd du lich phat tnen - gom Ha Ndi. Da Ndng, TP-Ho Chi Minh. Quang Ninh, Thi^a Thien - Hue - ddng dau bang \ep hang \ e mdc dd sdn sang cho dng dung va phat trien cdng nghe thdng tin - lai\en thdng. cdn nhieu dia phddng cddu Iich phdt trien nhdng chi so \ e p hang lai ra'l tha'p. nhd: Hai Phdng. Ninh Binh. Quang Binh. Khdnh Hda. Lam Dong. Lao Cai....
• Trinh dg khoa hgc cc'mg nghe cdn hgn che.
So vdi cac quo'c gia iren the gidt. trinh dp khoa hpc cdng nghe cila Viet Nam cdn thap. Do dd. vice nghien cdu, san xuat cac san pham cdng ngh$ dng dung cho du Uch con nhieu han che'.
- 7v le ting dung cdng nghe thong tin c ua doanh nghiep du Ijch cdn thdp.
Theo khao sat cua Hiep hpi Du lich Viet Nam.
hien nay, cdc he tho'ng khach san cao cap, Uiddng hieu qudc te' va cac hang hang khong, doanh nghiep li? hanh Idn nhd Saigonlourist, Vietravel, Vieinamiourism... deu tich cdc dng dung cdng ngh§
ihong tin trong hoat dgng kinh doanh du lich vdi khd'i lddng san pham phong phu, cd thong dn cu the ve thdi diem, gia ca, cdc dich vu
Vdi cac doanh nghiep du iich khde hay cdc diem Uiam quan, cac ddn vi van chuyen, vi^c dng dung CNTT trong hoat dOng kinh doanh du lich chie'm ty le ra't tha'p. Nguyen nhan chinh do doanh nghiep du ljch Viet Nam chu yeu la cac doanh nghiep nhd va vda. vo'n it, kinh doanh nhd, 1^ ntn khd ndng tai chinh chi tra cho dau td dng dung cdng nghe khdng cao.
- Thi tnfdng du lich true luyen chua phdt triin.
Cac cong ty Id hanh online thddng hieu toin c^u - nhd Agoda.com. Booking.com, Traveloka.com, Expedia.com - dang dgc chie'm thi irddng ViSt Nam vdi khoang 80% thi phan. Trong khi dd, ch! c6 khoang 10 doanh nghiep Viet Nam cd kinh doanh du Uch trdc tuye'n, nhd ivivu.com, chudu24.com, mylour.vn, tripi.vn, vntrip.vn... Tuy nhiSn, cdc cdng ty nay cung chi phue vu thi trddng khdch npi dia vdi so lddng giao dich cdn tha'p.
Thdi gian qua, cd the tha'y dng dung cdng ngh^
thdng tin vao hoal ddng du Uch da mang lai nhO'ng kel qud ddng ke cho sd tang trifdng an lddng ciia nganh. Mac dii vay, viec dng dung CNTT trong phat trien du lich mdi chi ddng d mdc cd bdn, chda khai thdc dddc td'i ifu cdc ldi the' cua cdng nghe trong canh iranh, thu hdi khach hang cung nhd trong quan ly, dieu hanh kinh doanh du Iich. Vi vay, cdc cd quan quan ly, cac dia phddng de'n cdc ddn VI kinh doanh can tang cifdng hieu qua hdn nda viec dng dung CNTT de quang bd du lich Viet Nam va dda du Iich trd ihanh nganh kinh t^' mui nhpn cua da'l nu'dc •
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TAI L I K l T H A M K H A O :
1, TS. Le Quang Dang (2019). Cdch mgng cong nghiep 4.0 vd tien trinh phdt irien du lich thdng minh tgi Viet Nam, Vi?n Nghien cdu \d Phdt uien du lich - Tong cue Du lich.
2, Chinh phu (2018). Quye't dmh 167 i/QD - TTg 2018 phe diiyet -Di dn tSng thi iing dung edng nghe thong lin linh vile du ljch giai doan 2018 - 2020, dinh hudng den ndm 2025".
3, Tfing cue Du lich (2019), Tinb ldnh hogl dcmg ngdnh du Uch ndm 2019 vd Irien khai nhiem vu ndm 2020.
Ngay nhSn bai: 24/3/2020
Ngay phan bi?n danh gia va sii'a chffa: 4/4/2020 Ngay chS'p nh^n dSng bai: 15/4/2020
Thdng I'm idc gid:
ThS. PHAM THI THUY LINH Khoa Kinh te'cd stf
Trddng D?i hpc Kinh t e - Ky thuSt Cong nghiep
THE CURRENT STATUS OF IMPLEMENTING ADVANCEMENTS IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
INTO VIETNAM'S TOURISM DEVELOPMENT
• Master. PHAM THI THUY LINH Faculty of Fundamental Economics University of Economics - Tectinoiogy for Industries
ABSTRACT:
Amid the rapid development of Indusdy 4.0, the application of advancements in informadon lechnology in the tourism sector of Vietnam is considered a breakthrough soludon to create advantages lo attract more tourists, improve compeddveness of the country's tounsm sector and also promote the country's intemadonal integration. However. Vietnam's toursim sector has not fully exploited advancements in information technology. This article present the status quo of die implementadon of advancements in informanon technology inlo the tourism sector of Vietnam and also other existing Uinitadons in developing the country's tourism sector.
Keywords: Information technology, tourism. Industry 4.0.
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