NghiSn cfiu An Df vd Chau A. Si 2 - 2017
THU'C TRANG THI TRl/OflVG BAO HlfiM N H A N THO VIET NAM GIAI DOAN 2011- 2015
Hoang Thu Trang*
T^do hiim nhdn thg la logi nghiip vu bdo hiim cko trudng hgp ngudi dugc bdo hiim j j sdng hoge chet. Trong dieu Iden phdt triin kmh ti ~ xd hdi nku ngdy nay thi nhu cdu ve bdo hiem nhdn thg igi cdng trd nin da dgng vdi nhicng ddi hdi cao han. Viic xudt hiin ngudi mua, ngudi bdn citng vdi cdc sdn phdm dick vu bdo hiim cOng dong nghia vdi
• viic trin thi trudng dd hinh tkdnk mgt thi trudng sdn phdm dich vy mdi, dd Id thi trudng bdo hiem nhdn tkg. Hiin nay, Viet Nam dang trong giai dogn hgi nhdp qudc ti, vdi han 94 triiu ddn, Viit Nam la mgt thi trudng hdp ddn ddi vdi cdc hdng bdo hiim nudc ngodi. Vi vdy, di chiim linh dugc thi trudng cdc doanh nghiip hdo hiim Viit Nam cdn khang dinh thuang kieu dia minh ngay trin thi trudng ngi dia. Bdi viit di cgp din thyc trgng thi trudng bdo hiim nhdn thg d ViitNam giai dagn 2011-2015.
Ttt khfia: Bdo hiim nhdn thg, thj tradng bio hiim nhdn thg Vift Nam
1. Thyc trang thi trudng bdo hllm nhan thp Vift Nam
Ll. Su hinh thdnh vd phdt triin cita thi trudng bdo hiim rihan tho Viit Nam.
Nam 1965, Cong ty Bio hiim Vift Nam ra ddi (nay Id Tap dodn Tdi chinh - Bdo hiim Bdo Vift) vd chinh thttc di vdo boat dfng vtii 16 nhdn vifin, cd try sd chmh tai Ha Nfi va 1 chi nhanh tai Hdi Phdng, ddnh ddu bude khfii dlu hinh thdnh vd phdt triin thj traong bdo hiim Vift Nam. Hoat dfng kfah doanh cfia cfing ty khi mfii ra ddi chi ttong lihh vyc bdo hiem hang hda xult
• Quan tri kinh iloanh, Hpc Vi?n KHXHVN.
- nhfp khiu, bdo hiim tiu biin. Giai doan 1965 -1985, Cfing ty Bio hiim Vift Nam (nay If Tap dodn Tdi chinh - Bdo hifim Bdo Vift) dugc biit din nhu mft doanh nghifj bdo hiim Nhd nude Ion nhit v i duy nhit ttfin toin linh flii Vift Nam, khfing vip phii bat ctt sy cgnh ttanh ndo ttfin thi traong. Cho dih Dai hgi Ddng VI nam 1986, chtt traong xfia bfl eg chi bao d p eia Nhd nudc dd lam mit di thi dflc quyin efla Cfing ty Bdo hiim Vift Nam tten thi traong. Sau Dai hfi Ddng VI, Nghj djnh 100 cfia Chfah phfi ngdy 18/12/1993 Id vdn bdn phdp ly ddu tifin Idm cdn cu, co sd cho hosit dflng kinh doanb bdo hiim frfin thi tradng Vift Nam, t?o ra sy canh franh dfing
Hodng Thu Trang. Thyc trgng thi trudng bdo hiim..
ngbia frong kinh doanh bdo hiem. Sau Nghj djnh, mfit loat cdc doanh nghifp bdo hiim ra dfii vfii nhiiu sdn phim phong phfl da dang, ddp ting nhu d u cfia khdch hing. Bdt ddu ttt ndm 1986, Vift Nam dd chfah thttc thyc hifn chinh saeh "Dii mdi", vdi ttgng tdm Id chuyfin nfin kinh tfi kfi hoach hda tap tnmg, bao d p sang nin kinh tfi thj trafimg cfi su qudn ly cfla nhi nudc. Chinh sich Dfii mdi da thyc sy cd tic dfing ticb cue din todn bfi ddi sing kinh t i - xd hfi cfla ddt nude, dem Iai sy i n dinh vd tang tiufing kfah ti cao, ddi sing ngufii ddn dugc cii thifn. Tang tradng kinh t i cing vfii vifc xfia bd tian eg chi bao d p dd thflc diy nhu clu vd sy ra doi cfla thi tradng bio hiim nhan thp cfla ngudi ddn Vift Nam.
Nam 1996 ddnh ddu su ra ddi cfla ngdnh bdo hiim nhdn thg d Vift Nam bdng vifc Bg Tii chfah cho phfip Ting cflng Ty Bio hiim nhin thg Bio Vift tiiin khai thi diim bdo hiim nhdn thg. Ddy Id kit qud tit yiu cfia qud trinh md etta vd hfi nhdp ngdnh bdo biim nhdn thg Vift Nam. Sau thil gian tbi diim, Bg Tdi cbinh da lln lugt cdp gidy phep hojt dgng cho cic doanh nghifp bdo hiim nhdn thg nudc ngodi (ttong nam 1999 d p giiy phep cho 3 doanh nghifp Id Pradential, Manulife, Bdo Minh - CMG - nay Id Daiichi Life), sau do Id AIA (ndm 2000), Prevoir, ACB Life, Great Eastern Life vd Cathay Life.
Vfii sy gia nhfp efla cdc doanh nghifp bdo hiem nhdn thg nudc ngodi, thi tradng bdo hiim nhdn flip Vift Nam dd cfi sy phdt tiien manh mfi cd vi quy mfi, sdn phim, chdt Iugng djch vy va tinb chuySn nghifp.
Sy phdt ttiin cfla thi tiudng bdo hiem nhdn thg Vift Nam cimg Id mft nhin t i thttc diy sy htoh thdnh v i phdt triin cfla khung phdp ly cho thi tradng bdg hiem ndi chung vd bdo hiim nhin thg ndi rifing, ddnh dlu bdng sy ra ddi cfla Luft ktoh doanh bdo hifim dlu tifin ctia Vift Nam vdo nam 2000.
Tu ndm 1993 dfin nam 2001 cd 4 doanh nghifp bdo hiim nhin thg nudc ngodi (Bdo Mtoh - CMG, Pradential, ManuUfe, AIA) vd 1 doanh nghigp m6i gioi bdo hiim (Bdo Vift - AON) ra ddi vd boat dfng frfin thj tradng bdo hiim; tao ra nhiiu thdnh phin ktoh ti;
tao ra kfinh phdn phoi sdn phim bdo hiim qua mfli gidi, qua dji ly bdo hiim.
1.2. Thuc trgng phdt triin thi trudng bdo hiim nhdn tkg giai dogn 201I-20I5
Thj tradng bdo hiim nhdn thg Vift Nam frong giai doan 2011-2015 cfi nhftng chuyin biin tich cyc. Nhitag si lifu dufii day sfi minh hga cho sy phdt triin khfing ngimg cfla TTBH nhdn thg d Vift Nam frong giai doan ndy.
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Cdc chi tifiu d Bdng 1 dSu cfi tic df tdng trafimg cao. Niu nhu vdo thdi diim ndm 1999 chl ed 03 DNBH nhdn tiig tiiam gia thi tiudng, cho din hit nam 2015 ttfin tin tradng bdo hiim nhdn thp Vift Nam da CO 17 DNBH nhdn flip. Doanh tiiu phi bdo hiem nhitag ndm gdn diy diu cd tic do tang tiufimg 15 - 20% vd ngdy edng chiim ty ttgng ldn ttong GDP,... Quy mfl thi tiudng, ddng gfip vdo GDP tii nam 2011 din ndm 2015 gia tang gip dfli. Trong dd, cd ths thdy nam 2015, thi tradng bdo hiim 68
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Nghifin ctiu An D^ vdChduA.Si2-2017 n ^ B t i i p cd nhiiu thdnh tyu Ifim, tic df cfing ky ndm 2014. Diim sang nhit nam plffltriin nhanh vd bin vitog vfii ting 2015 la tfle df tdng trudng doanh thu phi dc^Bthu phi bdo hiim tdng tradng khodng bdo hiim cao nhit ttong 5 ndm frd lai diy 2 S ^ H s o vfii ndm 2014, doanh thu khai cfia thj tiufimg bio hiim nhin thp.th^mfii tang tradng khodng 39,7% so vdi
^^T CAC c m TIEU PHAT TRIEN CHU YEU CtiA THI TRUdNG BAG HIEM 1 N H A N T H Q VIET NAM'
.£a^... C h i , t i S i ^ @ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 1. Ting si DNBH nhan flip 2. Quy mfl thi tradng (ty ding)
3. Ddng gdp vdo GDP (%) 4. Trd tiin bdo hiim (ty ding) 5. Tflng dy phing nghifip vu (ty ding)
6. Gidi quyet vifc ldm", (dai ly bdo hiem nhdn thp)^,||,
11 15.998 0,63 4.865 50.108 217.917
, 2 0 1 2 ^ 14 18.397 0,69 5.938 57.393 238.780
16 23.268 0,92 5.515 67.199 241.373
2014 17 27.328 1,01 5.025 81.290 312.184
«f^5 '
17 36.650
1,03 7.983 100.260
383.224
Biiu do 1: s i lirgng hgp ding co hifu Iyc
Dan vj tinh: Nghfa hi?p dfing
zooB ZOO? 2000 ztjtra a l i o aon ztjiz 2013 zoi4 zoi5
' B4o cio host dpng kinh doanh cia thi frtiimg bio hiim cia Cue Quin IJ vi Giim sit bio hiim- BO Tii chtah.
Hodng Thu Trang. Thitc trgng thi trudng bdg hiim..
Tfah din hit ndm 2015, todn flu tiudng cd 6 DNBH nhdn flig da triin khai nghiep vy bdo hiim huu tti la Manulife, AIA, Daiichi, PVI Sun Life, Bio Vift Nhdn flig vi Pradential. Kit qud khai thdc ttong nam 2015 udc dat 9.189 hpp ding, chiim ty frpng 0,7%
ting si hgp dfing khai thdc moi'.
Tinh din nam 2015, dd cd 15 frfin ting si 17 DNBH nhdn tiig tiiin khai nghifp vu bdo hiim lifin kit chung; 03 DNBH nhin thg friin khai sin phim bdo hiim lifin kit dan vj Id Manulife, Pradential vd Dai-ichi.
vi hgp ddng cd hiiu lyc
Trong ndm 2015, doanh tbu phi bio hiim nhin tiip djt 36.650 ty ding (tdng 29,5% so vdi ndm 2014), ttong do ty frpng doanh thu phi bdo hiim bin hgp vdn chiim ty ttgng eao nhdt vfii khoang 53,4%, tiip din Id bdo hifim USn kSt dlu tu vdi 36,2%, bdo biim ttt ky 1,4%, cdc nghiSp vy cin Iai chiim ty ttgng khfing ddng ki.
Sfi lupng hgp dong chinh cd hifiu udc 5.728.339 hgp ding, tdng 16,1% so vdi cfing ky ndm trade. Trong dfi, sdn phdm bdo hiim bfln hgp chifim ty ttgng da s i (62,8%), tiip din Id sdn, phim liSn kit dlu hi (26,6%), sdn phim ttt ky (9%), cic sdn phim cdn lai chiim 1,6%. Cdc doanh nghiSp cfi tic do tdng trafimg cao vi si iugng hop ding cfi hifu Iyc bao gom BIDV
Meflife, Qenerali, Aviva, PVI Sunlife, VCLL Hanwha, Fubon'.
Thj phan ting doanh fliu phi bio hiem nhfa chung khfing cd sy thay dii ding kg so vfii cttng ky nim 2014. Thtt ty cy flii nhtt sau: Pradential 29,9%, Bio Vift Nhin thp 25,7%, Manulife 12,1%, AIA 9,2%;
Dai-ichi 9,1%, ACE 4,4%, PVI Sunlife 2,3%, Hanwha Life 2%, Generali 1,8%, Prevoto 1,4%, cic doanh nghifp ein lai chiim thi phin nhd khflng ding kfi.
Vi link hinh tdi ckinh
Trong ndm 2015, tit cd cdc DNBH nhdn thg diu cfi tinh hinh tdi chinh Idnh m ^ , ddp ling yfiu clu vi khd ndng thanh todn theo quy djnh etta phap ludt. Tdt ci cdc DNBH nhin thg diu xip nhfim 1 tbeo tifiu cbi dinh gid, xip l o ^ cfla Thong tu si 195/2014/TT-BTC.
Tdng tdi sdn
Ting tdi sdn cfia cdc DNBH nhin thg ndm 2015 udc dat 131.659 ty ding tang 13,48% so vdi'cfing ky ndm 2014. BiSn khd ndng tbanh toin efia cic DNBH nhan thg diu cao ban nhiiu so vci biSn KNTT tfli thieu theo quy djnh cfia phip luft. Khflng ki din eie doanh nghifp mdi thinh Ifp, cac doanh nghifp cd thdi gian hojt dgng ttSn 6 ndm diu cd Idi vd tdng vin chfi sd hito nhd Ioi nhudn dS Iai.
Bio cio kit qui boat dfing kuih doanh thj Outmg bio ' Bio cio kit qui boat d^ng kinh doanh thj mitmg bio hiim cua Cyc quan \^ vi Giim sit bio hiim ciia B§ hiim ciia Cyc quin 1:? vi Giim sit bio hiim ciia Bp tii Chlnh. Tii chinh.
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2. Ddnh gia chung vi sy phit trien ciia thi trirorng bao hiim nhan thg
Nhin chung, ttong lihOng nam gin day tiij tiudng bdo hiim nhdn thp ngiy edng hodn thifin vd phdt ttiin da dang. Cdc loai Mnh doanh nghifip bio hiita dugc da dang hda vtii cdc loai hinh khde nhau: Tinh den nam 2015 ttfin thj trafimg bdo biim nhdn tiig Vift Nam da cd 17 DNBH nhdn tiig ttong dd cd 12 cfing ty TNHH mflt thanh vifin, 04 cfing ty TNHH 2 thdnh vifin ttd ISn, 01 cflng ty co phan) thufc mgi thdnh phin kinh t i (Nhi nudc, Ci phin. Lien doanh, 100% vfln nuac ngoii) dupc phfip boat dfng. Cd the thay vdi vifc md rfng cdc thanh phin sd bilu da tao diiu kifn cho cdc nhd ddu tu nudc ngodi vdo Vift Nam, tao tinh cgnh ttanh cao ban doi vdi thi tradng, dflng thfii cimg phu hgp vdi xu hudng md etta hgi nhfp quic tfi etta nudc ta. Ngodi ra, sy cd mat cfla cdc t i chttc bdo hiim nudc ngodi t?i Vift Nam dd chiing td ifing tin cfia cdc nhi dlu tu nude ngoii dii vol thj traing bdo hiim nhdn thp Vift Nam. Nfi dung vd linh vyc ho?t dflng ctia cdc DNBH nhdn thg dugc md rfng, bao gim bdo hifim, tdi bdo hifim; cdc kfinh phdn phii da dang, bao gim bin trye tuyin, phdn phii true.tifip vi qua tnmg gian bio hifim (dai ly vi mfii gidi bao hiim).
Quy mfi thi tradng ngdy cdng duge md rfng: Nim 2011 ting quy mfl tbi traing djit 15.988 ty ding din nam 2015 dat 36.650 ty ding. Nhu vdy ttong 5 nam quy mfi thj trafimg bdo hiim nhdn thg tdng gdp dfii.
Cfing voi sy phdt triin mjng me efia quy mfi tbj tiudng la ndng lyc tii chinh cfia cdc
Nghien eflru An Df vd Chdu A. Si 2 - 2017 doanh nghifp bdo hiem nhdn thg ttfin thi truing ndng cao manh me, boat dfng kinh doanh dat hifu tpii tuong dii cao, nhdn luc cfla tbj tiudng bio hiim nhdn thp cung tdng Ifin ddng ki c i vi sfl lupng vi chit lugng, sin phim phdt triin phong phtt da dang, chit lugng djch vu dugc ning cao
Diim ddng chi y ttong nhttng ndm vtta qua tbj tradng bdd hiim nhdn thg cd budc tien ldn ttong qud trinh hfi nhfp kinh te quflc ti, rdt nhifiu doanb nghifip bdo hiem nude ngodi gia nhfp tbi tradng bdo biim Vift Nam, cdc doanh nghifp bdo biSm Vift Nam tham gia cdc diln ddn ca quan quin ly bdo biim ASEAN, thyc hifn cdc cam ket khi gia nhfp WTO, tao ra sy c?nh franh lanh manh frSn thj tradng bdo hiSm nhdn thg Vift Nam. Vifc tham gia qua trinh hfi nhdp da lam thi tradng bdo hiem Vift Nam cd nhitog chuyin biSn tich cyc ca vS luipng.
Vdi sy tham gia etta cdc doanh nghifp bdo hifim nhdn thg cfi vin dlu tu nude ngodi, d i gfip phin tdng doanh thu phi, ndng eao nang lyc tdi chinh v i thu hit thfim lao dfng cho thi traong bio hiim nhdn thg. Qflng thdi, cdc doanh nghifp bdo hiim nhdn thg cd vfln nudc ngodi cdn gittp cdc doanh nghifp bdo liifim Vift Nam phdt trifin cdc sdn pham mdi, md rgng quan hfi, ehuyin giao cfing nghf, thfing tfa, dio t?o, tham gia cdc chuong frinh tii frg, ttt thif n,...
Trong nhitag nam qua vdi nfl Iuc ttt phia cic ca quan quin Iy nha nudc, mfli trudng kinh doanh cfla tbj traing bao hiim nhdn thg ddn dugc hodn thifn, hf thflng phdp ly tiidng minh, thfl tyc hdnh chinh bfit rdm ra ddp ttng yen clu phit trifin cfia thj
Hodng Thu Trang. Thuc trgng thi trudng bdo Hiim..
traing. Cd the thdy vi ca ban cdc van bdn phdp luft vi KDBH da dugc ban hdnh nhu Luft kinh doanh bio hiim (hifu lyc ttt 01/4/2001), Luft stta dii b i sung mgt si diiu cfia luat kinh doanh bio biim (hifu luc ttt 01/07/2011) vd cic Nghi djnh v i Thflng tu hufimg dan thi hdnh. Hfi thflng cdc van bdn pbdp qui niy ddp ttng duge yfiu clu phdt friin TTBH nhdn tiip vd la cfing eu quan frpng gittp cho vifc qudn ly thj tradng phdt triin an. todn, hifiu qud.
Bfin cgnh nhitag mdt thdnh cfing etta qud trinh phdt triin thj tradng nhdn thp tbi cdn mgt si ban chi nhu: Sy phdt triin cfia tbj tradng bdo hiim nhan thg thiiu tinh cin dii, cdc doanh nghifp bdo hiim nhdn thg moi tfp trung hogt dfng kinh doanh d thdnh tbj, khfing quan tdm nhiiu din thi tiudng nflng flifln, chua chfl frgng din vifc ning cao nhin thttc vi vai ttd cfia bio hiim nhan flig vdi flii tradng vflng sdu, bifin gifii, bii ddo, nfing thfin; San phim bdo hiim nhdn thg chua ddp ttng nhu clu vd khd ndng flianh todn cua khich hing; Chua hgc hfii dugc cic kinh nghifp ciia thi tirudng bdo hiem nude ngodi...
3. Ket ludn
Nhto chung, tiij ttudng bdo hiim nhin thg Vift Nam dang din khdng djnh vj tri cfla mmh dii vfii nin kinh ti quic ddn nfii chung vd vfii khdch hang tbam gia bio hifim nhdn thg nfii riSng. Mic du tin tiudng
bdo hiim nhdn thg cdn chitag lai ttong mft khodng thdi gian dii vd nhu clu bio hiim nhdn thg cfla khdch hdng dd cd Ific suy gidm. Tuy nhiSn, xem xet hoin cinh kinh t i thi gidi vi ttong nudc cho thiy sy phdt triin cfia thj tradng bdo hiim nhdn thg la tiiang dii i n djnh vd p h i ht?p vdi frgng thdi kinh te. Bfin canh dd, cimg cin nhfa nhdn khdch quan ring thyc trgng thj truimg bdo hiim nhdn thg muin phdt triin cin cd sy thay dii mang tinh dfit phi, thda mdn nhu clu cfla khich hdng vd ky vgng cfia nfin kinh t i ttong thfii gian sip tdi.
Tai lifu tham khao %^4^
1. Chiin lugc phdt triin TTBH Viit ^ f f i
tic ndm 2011 din ndm 2020. '^^^y 2. Bf Tdi cht'iih, Lugt Kinh dganh bdo
hiim vd cdc van bdn hufing dan thi hanh.
3. Thi tntdng bdo hiim Viit Nam ndm 20iO,Nxb. Tdi chi'nh, 2011.
4. Thi trudng bdo hiim Viet Nam ndm 207J, Nxb. Tdi chfah, 2012.
5. Thi trudng bdo hiim Viit Nam ndm 2012, Nxb. Tdi chinh, 2013.
6. Ihi trudng bdo hiim Viit Nam ndm 2013, Nxb. Tai chinh, 2014.
7. Thi tntdng bdo hiim Viit Nam ndm 2015, Nxb. Tdi chinh, 2015.
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