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Trinh Diep Phuong Vu. Quan he Trung Qudc vd cdc nuac Trung Do^g^

Quan he Trung Quoc va cac nirtrc Trung Dong tren Hnh virc thu-ong mai, dau tu* hai thap nien dau th§ ky XXI

Trinh Diep Phinmg VW Hoc vi^n Chinh tn Khu vifc II

Ngdy nhdn bdi 17/05/2020, ngdy gdi phdn bi^n. 19/05/2020 ngdy duyet ddng. 29/06/2020

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^iec Trung Qudc theo duoi nguon ndng luong doi ddo ciia Trung Dong ddu the ky XXI dd thuc ddy trao doi thuang mgi. ddu tu vai cdc nuac Trung Dong phdt trien mgnh me, dua Trung Quoc tra thdnh dSi tdc thuang mgi, nhd ddu tu hdng ddu cua khu vuc. Trong thgp nien tiep theo, trao doi thucmg mgi. ddu tu ciia Trung Qudc vai khu vuc ndy du kien se tdng truang mgnh trong boi cdnh cdc nu&c Trung Dong tiip tuc dong vai tro then chot doi v&i an ninh ndng lugng ciia Trung Quoc vd Trung Dong dugc xem Id mat xich quan trpng trong Sdng kien Vdnh dai - Con duang (BRI) ciia quoc gia ndy.

Tir khda: Ddu tu. Sang kiln Vdnh dai - Con dudng, thuong mgi, Trung Ddng, Trung Qudc

Mo'dau

K I tir khi nude Cpng hda Nhan dan Trung Hoa ra ddi (ndm 1949), quan he giita Trung Qudc vd cdc nude khu vue Trung Ddng da trdi qua nhieu giai dogn khac nhau. Neu rtiiu khodng thdi gian 1949-1978, quan he Trung Qudc - Trung Ddng budc ddu dugc xdc Idp vd ttai qua nhieu thdng trdm; khoang thdi gian 1979-2000, quan he hai ben dupc hoan chinh ve mat ngogi giao va bat dau phat trien tbi tir 2001-2018, moi quan he nay ngdy cang sdu sac, dgt nhirng budc tien vugt bac ttong nhieu linh vuc. Gdn hai thap nien ddu tien cua the ky XXI la giai doan md quan he giiia Trung Qudc va cac nude Tnmg Ddng phat trien mgnh mg, vupt xa nhihig gi hai ben dgt dugc ttong gan nua the ky trudc dd.

1. Trong linh v v c t h v o n g mai

Nhiing nam dau the ky XXI da chiing kien su bimg nd ttong giao dich kinh te, thuong mgi giiia Trung Quoc vd cdc nude Trung Ddng, dde biet la tu khi "Thda thudn khung v6 Hgp tac kinh te, thuong mai, ddu tu va cong nghe" giira Hpi ddng Hgp tdc Viing Vinh (GCC) vd Trung Qudc dugc ky ket vdo thdng 7/2004 vdi viec nhdt tri thiic ddy ddm phan ve thda thuan thuang mai tu do giiia hai ben (Mmistry of Foreign Affaus of the People's Republic of China, 2004). Phdt bilu tgi L I khai mgc Diln ddn hpp tac Trung Quoc -

• [email protected]

Nghien cuu An Dp vd Chdu A. Sd 7 - 2020, tt.24-30

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Trinh Digp Phuong Vii. Quan he Trung Quoc vd cdc nuac Trung Dong tren...

Arab ndm 2004, Bg ttirdng Ngoai giao Trung Qudc Ly Trieu Tinh khdng dinh, Dien ddn dugc thilt kl dl tgo nln tang cho Trung Qudc vd cdc qudc gia Arab tt-ao ddi quan dilm, tiiuc ddy hgp tac ttong chmh tri, kinh tl, thuong mai, vdn hda, cdng nghe va cdc vdn de qudc tl, tinic ddy hda binh va phat ttiln (Gordon Houlden and Noureddin M. Zaamout, 2019, p.4). Nhdng ddng tiiai nay dd md dudng cho su gia tdng nhanh chdng boat ddng ttao ddi tiiuong mgi song phuong giiia Tnmg Quoc va GCC ciing nhu vdi cac qudc gia Trung Ddng (xem Bdng 1.1).

Bang Ll. Trao ddi thiromg mai gifra Trung Quoc vdi cac nirdc Trung Dong - Bdc Phi 2000-2018 (Dan vi: Trieu USD)

180000 160000 140000 120000 100000 80000 60DO0 40000 20000 0

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2000 8818 11053

2005 2010 33009 95572 36115 104674

2015 157864 111605

2016 139436 92589 Nguon: Tdng hgp hi Chuia Statistical Yearbook 2001-2019

Tir nam 2005-2009, tdng ttao ddi thuang mgi giua Trung Qudc vd Trung Ddng da tdng 87% va xudt khdu cua Trung Ddng sang Trung Qudc tdng 25%, ttong khi xudt khdu tu Trung Dong sang Hoa Ky gidm 45% (James Chen, 2011, p.2). Ket qua la, nam 2009, Trung Qudc dd vugt My de ttd thdnh nude xudt khau Idn r±at th^ gidi tdi Trung Ddng, vd Id nhd cung cdp chinh cdc mat hang tieu dung cho khu vuc nay, tu cac san phdm ddc dao cua Arab nhu dpt may cho trang pbpc tniySn thdng dSn cac sdn pham cdng nghe thdng tm cd nhan. Ndm 2010, Tnmg Qudc tiep tpc ttd thdnh diem den hdng ddu eho hdng xudt khdu Trung Ddng, ttd thdnh doi tdc thuang mai sd 1 cua khu vuc nay. Den nam 2012, thuong mai song phuong giiia Trung Quoc vd ede qudc gia Trung Dong dd dgt 222,1 ty USD, tang 12 Idn so vdi nam 2002, tdng 120% so vdi ndm 2009. Tii 2012-2014, thuong mai song phuang tang trudng trung binh 8%/nam, dgt miic ky luc 368 ty USD ndm 2014, vdi xudt khdu ciia Trung Qudc sang khu vuc ndy chiem 51%), va nhdp khau td khu vuc chiem 49%. Trong dd, ty le tdng trudng thuong mai trung binh hdng ndm giua Trung Qudc vdi Saudi Arabia vd Kuwait Id 30%i, vdi Cdc Tieu vuong qudc Arab Thdng nhdt (UAE) vd Iraq Id 26%, cdn vdi Iran la 28%. Nlia cudi ndm 2014, gid ddu lao ddc da keo theo ttao ddi thuang mgi giira Trung Qudc va cdc nude khu vuc Trung Ddng giam tdc ro ret, binh qudn 16% ttong ndm 2015-2016 (Gordon Houlden and Noureddin M. Zaamout, 2019, p.6). Trao ddi thucmg mai giiia hai ben tang nhanh ttd Igi vdi muc tang 13%, tir 232 ty USD nam 2016 len 262,5 ty USD vao ndm 2017 do su phuc hdi gid ddu ttong ndm ndy. Nien gidm thdng ke Trung Qudc ndm 2019 cung cho thay ttao ddi thuang mai Trung Qudc - Trung Ddng tiep tuc

Nghien cuu An Dp vd Chdu A. Sd 7 - 2020, tt.24-30 25

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Trinh Diep Phuong Vu. Quan Ag" Trung Qudc vd cac nu&c Trung Do^!§S^^^

tdng ttudng vdi tdng ttao ddi tiiuong mai dat 313,8 ty USD nam 2018 (National Bureau of Statistics of China, 2019). Nhdm tu vdn McKinsey udc tinh tdng ddng chdy thuong mgi giu:a Trung Qudc va imng Ddng se dat tii 350 ty din 500 ty USD vao nam 2020 (Ilan Evyatar, 2013).

Phdn tieh cdn cdn thuong mgi giira Trung Qudc vd cac nude Tnmg Ddng cho thay, Trung Quoc van chiu tham hpt thuang mai kha Idn, dilu ndy chu ylu do Tnmg Dong la rtiia cung cdp ddu md va km dot hang ddu cho Trung Qudc, dang ddng vai ttd quan ttpng ttong ddm bdo an ninh ndng lupng cua quoc gia nay. Trong quan be thuong mgi giira Trung Qudc va cac nude Tnmg Ddng, ylu td ndng lupng ciing ndi len khd rd khi ddu md ludn chilm ty ttpng cao ttong tdng tt^o ddi thuang mgi. Id nhan td tac dpng ttirc bep dfin su tang, giam ttong ttao ddi thuang mgi cung nhu can can xuat nhdp khdu cua hai ben.

Bang 1.2. Gia trj xuat, nhgp khau cua Trung Quoc vdi mot s6 nude Tmng Pong (Dan vi: Trieu USD)

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41 713 327

719 317 60 31 1.145

Z078 176

2005 187 3297 408

1554 628 191 203 3,824

8.730 547

2010 800 11092 3.590

5.037 1.849 945 855 10366

21235 1,223

2015 1.012 17.770 7.909

8.616 3.773 2 116 2.276 21613

37iEO 1 4 3 0

2016 791 16.419 7.548

8.181 3,002 2.148 1 516 18655

3a072 1 692

2017 902 1^585 8 330

8.918 3.113 2.316 1,682 18J75

2&724 1 6 4 3

2018 1.135 13940 7.903

9 274 3.312 2.864 2.482 17.428

29651 1.874

N h i p k h a u 2000

72 1,773 648

335 299 3262 441 1953

416 735

2005 69 6787 415

1073 1020 4.139 473 1 2 » 6 2046 2.668

2010 252 18299 6275

26CF7 6708 9779 2456 31.829

4451 27'B

2015 111 16.057 12.674

2.802 7.497 15,W7 4.614 30.021

n 5 1 4 898

2016 63 14 827 106

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117J 6,350 11. Ml 4012 23ffl6

9,994 166

2017 123 18i54 13.814

4.206 8.935 13383 6.400 31.762

12311 660

2018 150

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22495

4 641 15344 18^98 9.146 45,854

16277 719

Ngudn: Tdng hop tir China Statistical Yearbook 2001-2019 2. T r o n g linh vac d a u tu-

Cdc hogt dpng ddu tu ciia Trung Quoc vao Trung Ddng di6n ra tuong ddi mgnh mS trong thdi gian qua. Trung Dong Id mpt dia bdn quan ttpng tiep nhdn ngudn vdn dau tu cua Trung Quoc. Bdo cao cua Ernst

& Young cho biet, ttong giai dogn 2003-2011, Trung Quoc diing thii 3 ttong sd cac nude ddu tu nhilu nhat vao Trung Ddng vdi khodng 10%. tdng luong vdn ddu tu vao khu vuc. Iran, UAE vd Saudi Arabia la nhihig nude ttong khu vuc tgp tnmg nhieu von FDI nhdt ciia Trung Qudc ndm 2011.

Cupc khiing hodng tdi chinh ndm 2008 da mang din mpt co hpi vang cho Tnmg Quoc ttong vipc gia tdng su bien dipn d khu vuc, Viec hd trp cdc qudc gia vupt qua khiing hodng tdi chinh la co hpi dl Trung Qudc tuyen ttaiyin vl trdch nhiem ddi vdi cdng ddng qudc tl; tten thuc te, Trung Qudc dd ddy manh hpp tac vdi cdc nude ttong khu vuc mpt cdch todn dien Dilu ndy edn hudng den muc tieu dam bdo an nuih

Nghien ciiu An Dp va Chdu A. Sd 7 - 2020, tt.24-30 26

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Trinh DJgp Phuong Vu. Quan h^ Trung Qudc vd cdc nuac Trung Dong tren...

ndng lupng qudc gia, thuc ddy tang trudng kinh te ciing nhu nang tam dnh hudng cua Trung QuIc ttong khu vuc vd cd tt6n quy md toan cdu. Hoan nghenh su tham gia cua cac nhd dau tu Trung QuIc vdo cdc du dn ddu tu CO sd hg tdng cda khu vuc, Saudi Arabia dd thue Tap doan Xdy dung Dudng sdt Trung Qudc tiiam gia Du dn Monorail Mecca; du an hoan thdnh vdo thang 11/2010, kip thdi dap iing nhu cdu cua 2,8 ttieu tin dd Hdi gido thuc hdnh Hajj. Ai Cap ciing da hpp tac vdi Trung Qudc dl phat triln dgc khu kinh tl Suez. Chinh phu tiaq da k^ hpp ding h^o quyln cho cdc cdng ty ddu khi Tnmg Qudc phdt ttiln cac mo ddu bi lang quen tu Idu d khu vuc phia Nam. Ngodi ra, Trung Qudc cdn ky thda thugn vdi Chinh phu Iran dl xay dung tuyin dudng sat tii Tehran din bi6n gidi Iraq nhu mot phdn ttong kl hoach tdng thi nhdm kit ndi Tnmg Ddng vdi Trung A vd Trung Qudc (James Chen, 2011, p.2). Thing ke cho thdy, ddu tu cua Trung Quoc vao khu vuc tir sau khi Diln dan hpp tdc Trung Qudc - Arab ra ddi ngay 14/9/2004 da tang nhartii chdng, tir 4,68 ty USD nam 2005 len 11,92 ty USD ndm 2006. Tir nam 2006-2012, ddu tti cua Trung Qudc dao dpng tii 11 den 14 ty USD mdi nam, ngogi trir ndm 2009, ddu tu tdng vpt len 22 ty USD. Dd tdng ttirdng ttong ddu tu eua Trung Qudc tilp tpc duac giir viing ttong giai dogn 2012-2018 vdi miic ddu tu bmh qudn hdng nam tten 20 ty USD, dgt miic ky Ipc 28,41 ty USD ndm 2018 (American Enterprise Institute and The Heritage Foundation, 2019). Phan Idn ddu tu cua Trung Qudc tai khu vuc duoc rdt vdo linh vuc dau md vd xdy dung co sd ha tdng. Ben cgitii dd, d ITnh vuc viln thdng, hai cdng ty cua Trung Qudc Id Huawei va ZTE Cling phdt tri6n dich vu cua hp tgi cac qudc gia ttong khu vue nhu Bahrain, Iran, UAE,..

Trong khudn khd chuyen cdng du Trung Ddng thdng 1/2016, Chu tich Trung Qudc Tap Can Binh da cam ket hd ttp nhan dgo vd dau tu 55 ty USD cho khu vuc nay, ttong dd cd khodn tin dung 15 ty USD eho cdc qudc gia Arab, thanh lap mdt quj ddu tu chung vdi UAE vd Qatar vdi quy md 20 ty USD, tgp tnmg vdo cac ngudn nang lupng ttuyen thong ciia Trung Ddng, hg tdng vd ngdnh san xuat cdng nghp cao (Thu Hoai, 2016). Ddu tu vdo khu vuc cua Trung Qudc tilp tuc gia tang khi Trung Qudc va Saudi Arabia ky 60 thoa thudn vd bdn ghi nhd tten nhilu linh vuc nhu ddu tu, thuang mgi, ndng lupng, dich vu bun chinh, vien thdng va truyln thdng... tri gia gdn 70 ty USD nhan chuyen thdm cua Phd Thu tudng Tnmg Qudc Truong Cao Lp vdo tiidng 8/2017 (TTXVN, 2017). Vdi khodn tdi chinh khdng Id nhu thi, anh hudng cua Bdc Kinh chdc chdn se gia tdng, cac Ipi ich vl ddu md, khi dot sS dupe dam bao hon, su gdn kit giiia Trung Qudc va khu vuc se cdng them chdt che.

Bieu do 2.1. FDI cua Trung Quoc vdo Trung Dong giai doan 2005-2018 (Dan vi: Ty USD)

11 92 12.15 12.99

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28.41 22.00 ^M 21-85 ^m

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2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Ngudn: Tdng hgp tix American Enterprise Institute and The Heritage Foundation, 2019 Hipn nay, nhilu qudc gia d Trung Ddng dang thuc hien dieu chinh co cdu kinh te theo hudng giam ddn su phu thude vdo nganh cdng nghipp hda ddu; dieu nay cung mang lai nhieu co hpi cho cdc nha ddu tu

Nghien cuu An Dp vd Chdu A. Sd 7 - 2020, tt.24-30 27

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Trinh Dipp Phuang Vu. Quan he Trung Qudc vd cac nu&c Trung DofjgSfS^

Trung Qudc. Ben canh dd, tang ttirdng dan sd du kiln va tich luy tdi sdn tdng cao cd thi tinic day gia tang nhu cdu hdng hda, nhd d va co sd hg tdng, chang hgn nhu du dn mgng iudi dudng sdt cua Vung Vinh du kiln se tdng tdc ttong nhiing ndm tdi, kit nii cdc qudc gia Vimg Vinh tu Kuwait din Oman, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar vd Bahrain. Ddy Id co hpi Idn cho cdc nhd ddu tu td Tnmg Qudc. Tdm quan trong cua Trung Ddng ddi vdi Trung Qudc the hien rd khi phan tich ciia Vipn Doanh nghiep My cho thdy, dau tu toan cau ciia Trung Qudc ndm 2018 d cdc khu vuc dd gidm 100 ty USD, ngoai tru khu vuc Trung Ddng - Bdc Phi (Afshin Molavi, 2019). Td 2005-2018, Trung Qudc da ddu ttr, tiiam gia gdp vdn cung nhu tiiuc hien cdc hop ddng xay dung ttong khu vuc vdi tong tri gid 231,44 ty USD. Hien nay, Saudi Arabia diing dau danh sdch ddu ttr cua Trung Qudc vdi 58 du an, tti gid 35,3 ty USD; xip thii 2 Id UAE vdi 53 du an, Oi gid 30,85 t^- USD; \rzr\ xip tini 3 vdi 35 du an, tti gid 27,06 ty USD; tilp tiieo la Iraq vdi 28 du an, tri gid 21,05 ty USD; Kuwait vdi 24 du dn, tti gid 9,59 ty USD; Oman 8 du an, tti gid 4,53 ty USD; Qatar 2 du dn, tti gid 2,1 ty USD (American Enterprise Institute and The Heritage Foundation, 2019).

Trpng tam ttong hpp tdc ndng lupng ciia Trung Qudc vdi cac qudc gia Trung Ddng the hipn khd rd khi dau tu vdo cdc hogt ddng xay dimg trong liiih vuc ndng lupng giai doan 2005-2018 chilm 42% tdng ddu tu, tri gid tren 97 ty USD. Trong dd, ddu Xu va xdy dimg trong Imh vuc ndng lupng tai Iraq dat 19,08 ty USD/21,05 ty USD tdng mdc ddu tu cua Trung QuIc vdo qudc gia ndy; tai Kuwait Id 4,37 ty USD/9,59 ty USD; Oman la 3,67 ty USD/4,53 ty USD; Qatar la 2,1 ty USD/2,1 ty USD; Saudi Arabia Id 13,11 ty USD/35,3 ty USD; UAE Id 16,8 ty USD/30,85 ty USD; han Id 11,8 ty USD/27,06 ty USD. Trong tiidi gian tdi, hi^u qua hpp tdc sg cdn dupc nang cao hem khi loi ich giiia hai ben dang dan xen chdt che vdi nhau tren cac mdt kinh te, chinh tri, an ninh.

Bieu do 2.2. Dau tir theo Hnh vyc vao khu vy'c Trung Dong - Bdc Phi ciia Trung Quoc giai doan 2005-2017 (Dan vi: %)

Ngudn: Gordon Houlden and Noureddin M. Zaamout, 2019

3. Trien vgng ph^t triln quan lie Trung Quoc - Trung Bdng tren ITnh vyc thiroiig mai - dau tu-

Hien nay, Trung Qudc Id nude nhdp khdu vd tieu dimg ddu md Idn nhdt the gidi vdi gid tn nhdp khdu len den 239,2 ty USD, chilm 20,2% tdng lupng ddu md nhdp khdu todn thi gidi; va Trung Dong dang ddng vai ttd rdt Idn ddi vdi an ninh ndng luong Trung Qudc khi cung cap 57% ddu md nhgp khdu vd 33% khi tu nhien nhgp khdu cho qudc gia nay (Gordon Houlden and Noureddin M. Zaamout, 2019, p.6). Trone boi

Nghien ciru An Dp vd Chau A. So 7 - 2020, tt.24-30 28

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Tiinh Di0p Phuong Vu. Quan he Trung Quoc vd cdc nu&c Trung Dong tren...

canh dd, Tnmg Qudc sS tilp tuc day mgnh quan he thuong mai - dau tu vdi khu vuc de tgo nen su gdn kit lai ich chdt che giiia hai ben, tao thugn Ipi hon cho Tnmg Qudc ttong trien khai chinh sach ndng lupng tgi day. B6n canh dd, vi|c Trung Qudc xdc dinh Trung Ddng la mdt xich quan ttpng ttong Sang kiln Vdnh dai vd Con dudng (BRI) - chiln lupc nhdm dua Trung Qudc ttd thdnh cuong qudc hdng dau till gidi, khdng dinh cdc qudc gia Arab la ddi tac tu nhien ttong hpp tdc "Vdnh dai - Con dudng" vd keu gpi hpp tdc toan di^n, ben vung vi su phdt triln cua cd Tnmg Qudc va thi gidi Arab, ciing se thuc ddy ttao ddi thuong mai, ddu tu cua Trung QuIc tilp tuc phdt triln (Wang Jian, 2018). Hien nay, da cd 150 qudc gia vd td chitc qudc tl ky kit cdc thda thuan hpp tac Ii6n quan den Sdng kien "Vdnh dai vd Con dudng", ttong do cd 17 nude Arab da ky cdc vdn kien hgp tdc vdi Trung Qudc vl Sdng kiln Vanh dai vd Con dudng (BRI), 12 nude Arab dd thilt lap quan he ddi tac chien lupc cung rtiiu quan he ddi tdc chiln lupc toan dien vdi Trung Qudc (Nguyen Hing Di^p, 2019; TTXVN, 2019).

Viec Tnmg Qudc thilt lap mdi quan hB ddi tac chiln lupc vdi Hdi ddng Hpp tdc Vimg Vinh vd Lien dodn Arab, thanh lap Dien dan hpp tdc Tnmg Qudc - Arab, de ra "Vdn kien chinh sdch cua Tnmg Qudc ddi vdi cdc nude Arab" ngdy 13/1/2016, ttong dd dua ra ca che hpp tdc "1+2+3" xac dinh hpp tac ndng luong Id true chinh, xdy dung co sd ha tdng vd tien lpi hda ddu tu thuang mai Id hai cdnh, cdn hpp tdc ttong linh vuc hgt itiidn, hdng khdng vu tni vd ndng lupng mdi la ba khau dpt pha cho thay uu tien cua Trung Qudc ttong thiic day phat trien quan he vdi khu vuc ndy... tao tien de cho thuc day hpp tac giira Trung Qudc vd cdc nude Trung Ddng thdi gian tdi.

Hien nay, dich bpnh COVID-19 dang tac ddng manh me den nen kinh te todn eau. M^c dii Ngogi ttudng Tnmg Qudc Vuong Nghi tuyen bd COVID-19 se khdng cd bdt ky tdc ddng tieu cue nao din cdc du dn ttong khudn khd BRI, Ngan hdng Phdt trien Trung Qudc vdn se cung cap cdc khodn vay im ddi eho cdc doanh nghiep bj dnh hudng bdi COVID-19, nhung cd the thdy chuli cung iing toan cdu se bj artii hudng nghi6m ttpng, tac ddng tieu cue din ttao ddi thuang mai giia Trung Quoc vdi cdc nude Trung Ddng cung nhu dau tu cua Trung Qudc tgi khu vuc ndy. Cac du dn Trung Qudc dang thuc hipn trong khu vuc roi vdo tmh trang dmh tte khi cdng nhan bupc phai hdi huong, khdng thi triln khai hogt dpng d nhihig quie gia ttong khu vuc do dich benh. Quan hf giiia hai ben tt6n Imh vuc thuong mgi, ddu tu se phuc hdi va tiep tuc phdt ttiln mgnh mg nlu djch benh COVID-19 bi ddy lui, Trung Quie gidi tda dupc mdi quan ngai cua cac nude Tnmg Ddng vl nhthig tac dpng tieu cue td vi^c php thupc nhilu vdo Trung Qudc ttong chudi gid tti toan cau.

Kit lu^n

Trong gdn hai thap nien ddu cua till ky XXI, Trung Qudc dd thanh cdng ttong viec thdt chdt mil quan hp hpp tac tten lihh vuc thuong mai, ddu tu vdi cdc qudc gia ttong khu vuc Trung Ddng, qua dd cung cd quan hp vdi cac nude Trung Ddng tten ITnh vuc ndng lupng, gdp phan dam bdo an ninh ndng lupng qudc gia va ndng cao vai ttd cua Trung Qudc tten thi trudng ndng lupng the gidi.

Su gia tang hipn dipn cua Trung Qudc, ttd thdnh ddi tac quan ttpng cua cdc nude Trung Ddng tten ITnh vuc thuong mgi, ddu tu, tat ylu se gia tang anh hudng, lpi ich cua qudc gia ttong khu vuc - mpt budc di chiln lupc nhdm hipn thuc hda "Trung Hoa mpng", Su hien dien cua Tnmg Quoc nhung nam dau the ky XXI khdng dan tiiudn chi hudng din ndng lugng nhu ttudc day.

Nghien cuu An Dp vd Chau A. So 7 - 2020, tt.24-30 29

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Trinh Dipp Phuong Vu. Quan h4 Trung Qudc vd cdc nu&c Trung PdrigJfSIL::, Tai lieu ttiam khao

1. American Enterprise Instimte and The Heritage Foundation (2019), China Global Investment Tracker 2019, https://www.aei.org/china-global-investment-tracker/, ngdy tmy cap 20/3/2020.

2. James Chen (2011), The Emergence of China in the Middle East, Institute for National Stt^tegic Studies, National Defense University.

3. Nguyin Hdng Diep (2019), Diin ddn BRI: Thuc ddy hgp tdc cimg cd lai. vi hda binh, https://www.vietnamplus.vn/dien-dan-bri-thuc-day-hop-tac-cung-co-loi-vi-hoa-binh/565803.vnp, ngay truy cap 20/3/2020.

4. Thu Hoai (2016), Chu tich Trung Qudc Tgp Can Binh thdm Trung Ddng vi muc dich gi?, https://vov.vn/the-gioi/chu-tich-tning-quoc-tap-can-binh-tham-trung-dong-vi-muc-dich-gi-471743.vov, ngay truy cgp 20/3/2020.

5. Gordon Houlden and Noureddin M. Zaamout (2019), A New Great Power Engages with the Middle East China's Middle East Balancing Approach, China Institute, University of Alberta.

6. Wang Jian (2018), "One Belt One Road": A Vision for the Future of China-Middle East Relations.

http://studies.aljazeera,net/en/reports/2017/05/belt-road-vision-future-china-middle-east-relations- 170509102227548.httnl, ngay ttuy cap 20/3/2020.

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Nghien cuu An Dp va Chdu A. Sd 7 - 2020, tt.24-30