6. MAIZE SEED QUALITY IN RESPONSE TO CROP ROTATION,
6.5. Conclusions and recommendations 173
173
towards significant of this study on quality improvement of maize. The findings by Tarighaleslami et al. (2013) indicated that phosphorus of seeds was significantly affected by the interaction of irrigation and application of nitrogen fertilizer treatment. Riedel et al.
(2009) reported the significant N input x rotation interactions for maize kernel phosphorus.
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178 CHAPTER 7
EFFECT OF MAIZE-COWPEA CROPPING SYSTEM ON SOIL CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
Abstract
Soil quality and structure are improved through soil organic carbon and organic matter builds up in the soil. The experimental design was factorial experiment laid out in random complete block design (RCBD) with two replicates. The experiment consisted of five management systems, namely, monocropping cowpea, Monocropping maize, rotational maize, rotational cowpea and intercropping maize-cowpea. The amount of 0 and 95; 0 and 92; 0 and 113.5 kg N ha-1 were applied on maize plots, while the amount of 0 and 20; 0 and 17; 0 and 23.5 kg N ha-1 were applied on cowpea plots at Potchefstroom, Rustenburg and Taung respectively. The laboratory analysis involved soil organic carbon, Bray 1-P, N-NO3 and exchangeable K.
Cropping system had significant effect (P < 0.05) on soil organic carbon; Bray 1-P and soil nitrate (N-NO3). Soil collected from cowpea plots planted on monocropping and rotational systems had significantly higher organic carbon and soil nitrate than soil collected at other cropping systems. Soil collected at maize plots planted on monocropping and intercropping systems had significantly higher Bray 1-P than soil collected on other systems. Site had significant effect (P < 0.05) on soil organic carbon, Bray 1-P, N-NO3 and K. Soil collected at Potchefstroom and Rustenburg had significantly higher organic carbon and exchangeable K than soil collected at Taung. Site also plays a role on soil organic carbon and chemical properties. The interaction effect of cropping system x site x season on Bray 1-P, N-NO3 and exchangeable K had contributed towards the significant of this study on soil structure improvement.
Key words: Bray-1 P, exchangeable K, N-NO3, Soil organic carbon.