CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
5.3 Recommendations and suggestions for future investigations
It has been shown in the present study that the combination of remote sensing and geophysics are effective tools for regional groundwater investigation. The methodology applied in this study can be applied in other groundwater related studies such as the regional assessment of groundwater recharge potential. Furthermore, these techniques can be recommended for use in future studies that aim to assess the possibility for artificial recharge to ensure a sustainable groundwater use.
The present study however recommends site-specific studies for a better understanding of the hydrogeological framework within which groundwater occurs in complex lithologies. For example, field mapping of geological structures coupled with an assessment of borehole productivity at a local scale can better determine the role of lineaments in groundwater occurrence. Alternatively, future studies can employ ground geophysical methods such as the electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and ground magnetic surveys for an in-depth understanding of the role of structures in groundwater occurrence. Targets identified using these non-destructive geophysical surveys can be followed-up through comprehensive drilling programs.
If budget allows it, the present study recommends the use of high spatial resolution satellite images such as ASTER and SPOT for the extraction of preliminary information.
Such images have proven useful in the extraction of features such as drainage patterns, land use/land cover, and major and minor lineaments, as compared to the freely available 30 m spatial resolution images. Results from previous studies, as well as the present study revealed the high frequency of occurrence of dolerite dyke swarms in the area. However, the role of dykes in groundwater occurrence is poorly understood in the region. Therefore, the present study further recommends hydrological investigations on dykes to infer the hydrogeological parameters that could be associated with the prominent dolerite dyke swarms in the study area.
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145 APPENDICES
Appendix A
Figure A-3.1: Mosaicked image of the study area.
146
Figure A-3.2: An aeromagnetic map of South Africa. Data Source: Council for geoscience SA)
147
Figure A-3.3: Geological map of South Africa showing Lithostratigraphic units.
Data source: Council for Geosciences (SA).
148
Figure A-3.4: ASTER-derived DEM map of Limpopo Province.
149 APPENDIX B
Figure B-4.1: Geological map of the study area. Data source: Council for geosciences (SA).
150
Figure B-4.2: Hill-shaded relief map of the study area.
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Figure B-4.3: Land use/ land cover map of the study area. Data source: Department of Environmental affairs (SA).