From the results of the study, it appeared that the most important perceptions of physical activity for young people are influenced by cultural and social factors as well as parental beliefs. Finally, the results of this study show that there is a low level of knowledge and awareness about physical activity and health.
Introduction
Problem Statement
A study by Botha-Scheepers et al. 2009:49) on illness perceptions support the findings that illness perceptions predict health outcomes. Studies testing this hypothesis in the PA domain have shown mixed results (Duncan et al., 2007:81).
Objectives
Hypotheses
Structure of Dissertation
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
Are the health benefits of physical activity in natural environments used in primary care by general practitioners in the Netherlands. The purpose of this study is to determine from the literature the main perceptions of physical activity among teenagers.
Physical activity
Perceptions, self-efficacy and personal factors influencing PA…. … 18
The need for a clear understanding of the perceptions of PA among adolescents is important as healthy PA habits are already formed in youth (Haugen et al. Cox et al., 2010:47). Perception of physical attractiveness or body image therefore influences adolescents' decision to participate in PA or not (Haugen et al., 2011:49).
Family factors influencing youth physical activity
In a study by Ohlmer et al. 2012:1) the authors found that this can lead to a risk of developing eating disorders such as Anorexia or bad eating and PA habits in adulthood (Kimani – Murage et al. Having a target, such as losing weight losing, which seems out of reach, can undermine PA participation (Davison & . Lawson, 2006:19) especially during early adolescence, when PA increasingly becomes a leisure choice (Dishman et al.
Peer factors influencing youth physical activity
Demographic factors influencing youth physical activity
An electronic search of the following electronic databases was undertaken: MEDLINE (US National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD;. The secondary outcome is to establish key perceptions of physical activity in improving adolescent health.
Adolescent physical activity
This review examines the findings of 17 articles (Appendix B) that investigated perceptions of health and physical activity in adolescents. Swisher AK and Erickson M (2008) Perceptions of physical activity in a cohort of youth with cystic fibrosis. What are the main ideas about physical activity in strengthening the health of adolescents according to the literature.
To determine from the literature the main perceptions of physical activity in improving health for adolescents. Perception of the social and built environment and physical activity among Northeastern Brazilian adolescents. Maturational differences in physical self-perceptions and relationships with physical activity in early adolescent girls.
Systematic review of the health benefits of physical activity and fitness in school-age children and youth.
Adolescent perceptions of physical activity
Other factors influencing adolescent physical activity
Physical education in schools is an important intervention to promote youth perceptions of PA (Lawman et al., 2011; Chen et al., 2009; Stevens et al., 2005) (Appendix A).
Body image
In addition, some studies have shown that unhealthy eating habits reduce self-esteem and thus PA (Cumming et al., 2011; Yoo et al., 2010; Mehlenbeck et al., 2009).
Social support
Peers
Parents
Demographic factors
Cox M, Schofield G and Kolt GS (2010) Responsibility for children's physical activity: perspectives from parents, children and teachers. Davison KK and Lawson CT (2006) Do characteristics of the physical environment influence children's physical activity? Edwardson CL and Gorely T (2010) Parental influences on different types and intensities of physical activity in young people: a systematic review.
Haugen T, Safvenbom R, and Ommundsen Y (2011) Physical activity and global self-esteem: the role of physical self-esteem indices and gender. Niven, AG, Fawkner SG, Knowles A, and Stephenson C (2007) Maturational differences in physical self-perceptions and its relationship to physical activity in girls in early adolescence. Knowledge and health attitudes about physical activity (PA) and health can influence whether preventive behavior is applied.
The purpose of this study is to determine what the literature says about adolescents' perception of physical activity in relation to health improvement. Perceptions that young people have of physical activity in relation to health improvement will influence their participation in physical activity.
Physical activity as health enhancement modality
Adolescence is considered the transitional period between childhood and adulthood, which lasts from approximately 12 to 18 years of age, including the periods immediately before and after puberty (Öngen, 2006:794). Few interventions have been well designed to understand the unique developmental features of young people, but this may be the right time to encourage health changes (De Bar et al. Young people are usually considered to be in good health (Haarasilta et al, but their well-being) tends to decrease from elementary school to high school (Burnett & Spelman, 2011:23).
When youth participate in at least 60 minutes of PA each day, several health benefits accrue: healthy musculoskeletal development, improved muscle strength and endurance, reduced risk of developing chronic disease risk factors, improved self-esteem, as well as reducing stress and anxiety. (Antikainen & Ellis Han et al Butcher et al Brodersen et al., 2005:2). Motivating adolescents to change dietary and exercise habits to reduce long-term health risks can be particularly challenging (De Bar et al. Behavioral weight control programs have shown efficacy in treating overweight children between 8 and 12 years of age, with some promising regarding long-term outcomes; findings for adolescents are less consistent (Jelalian et al.
In addition, weight problems can lead to serious health risks during childhood, including diabetes, hypertension, glucose intolerance, metabolic syndrome, and orthopedic problems (Arkes De Bar et al.
Perceptions of health
Studies have shown that not all respondents use the same frame of reference to assess their health (Breidablik et al., 2008b:74; Øverland et al. In a previous cross-sectional study among young people, the authors found that SRH was associated with a wide spectrum of medical , psychological, social and lifestyle factors for both sexes, where both the positive and negative ends of the SRH scale were affected in a similar but opposite way (Breidablik et al., 2008a:13) Young people pick up these messages, and for many of them this leads to the perception of being too heavy or too thin (Elinder et al.
Underweight and thinness are mainly discussed in the literature on body image and mental health, as weight and shape are issues of great importance, especially for the emotional health of adolescents (Elinder et al. Arkes Breidablik et al., 2008b:74). Current evidence shows a strong association between negative body weight perception and depressive symptoms in adolescents, even when body weight is in the normal range (Puskar et al. In a study by Cheung et al, the authors found that more likely women will overemphasize weight control behaviors based on their perceived weight, while men use weight control behaviors based on their perceived and actual weight (Puskar et al., 2008:13).
Treating and preventing obesity and overweight in adolescents is a high profile nutritional public health priority (Abood et al.). SRH is significantly related to whether or not the adolescents were currently physically active (Elinder et al.
Perceptions of physical activity and health
A study done by Butcher et al. 2008) reported that approximately 40% of women and 57% of men met national physical activity guidelines. Rutkowski EM and Connelly CD (2011) Knowledge of obesity risk and physical activity in families of adolescents. The mediating role of physical self-concept in the relationship between biological maturity status and physical activity in adolescent females.
The relationship between psychosocial correlates and physical activity in under-involved adolescent boys and girls in the ACT trial. Self-rated pain and perceived health in relation to stress and physical activity among schoolchildren: a 3-year follow-up.
The influence of parents and peers in adolescents’ perceptions
Summary
Answers to these questions can help healthcare professionals understand young people's perception of physical activity in the literature as well as the various factors that influence young people's physical activity. Knowledge of these findings will help health professionals implement successful interventions to improve youth health through physical activity. Each article's method, research design, results, discussion and conclusion are presented in the chapters.
In chapter 2, several concepts such as physical activity, perceptions, self-efficacy and physical maturation are defined. Secondly, the influence of family, peers and demographic factors on young people's physical activity is discussed. Young people's perceptions of physical activity as well as personal factors that influence their perception are also discussed.
Adolescent's perceptions of health, physical activity and health, as well as the influence of parents and peers on adolescent's perception of health are discussed in detail.
Conclusions
Young people need to become more active, and physical activity interventions in schools have the potential to reach almost all children and adolescents (Pate et al., 2005; Stevens et al., 2005). Therefore, it is necessary to provide appropriate physically active role models for youth and to encourage health care providers to routinely talk to adolescents and young adults about the importance of integrating physical activity into their lives. A comprehensive understanding of the determinants of physical activity and perceived health among young people is essential for identifying appropriate intervention points to promote an active lifestyle and associated health benefits for adolescents, as a sound foundation.
Further research
Physical Activity and Public Health: Updated Recommendation for Adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Limited English proficiency is a barrier to receiving physical activity and nutrition counseling among Hispanics with chronic diseases in the United States. Self-efficacy moderates the relationship between declines in physical activity and perceived social support among middle school girls.
Effects of modifying physical activity and sedentary behavior on psychosocial adjustment in overweight/obese children. Socio-demographic, developmental, environmental and psychological correlates of physical activity and sedentary behavior in 11- to 12-year-olds. Proximity to school and physical activity among middle school girls: The Adolescent Activity Trial Study.
Associations between pubertal development, psychological well-being, and physical activity among 11- and 13-year-old girls. The role of physical activity and perceived fitness on peak aerobic power in children with developmental coordination disorder.
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations
