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South African Journal of Antarctic Research
Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Navorsing in Antarktika Vol. 16, No. 2, 1986
A South African National Antarctic Pro- gramme publication issued under the aus- pices of the South African Scientific Com- mittee for Antarctic Research, P.O. Box 395, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa.
'n Suid-Afrikaanse Nasionale Antarktiese Program publikasie uitgegee onder be- skerming van die Suid-Afrikaanse Wetenskaplike Komitee vir Antarktiese Navorsing, Posbus 395, Pretoria, Repu- bliek van Suid-Afrika.
Scientific Editor
Wetenskaplike Redakteur Or P.R. Condy
Editorial Committee Dr G.S. Baker
Redaksiekomitee Technical Editor
Prof. J.D. Skinner Mr R.W. Vice Mrs H. Ridder All contributions. and correspondence to be addressed c/o The Editor, South African Journal of Antarctic Research, FRO, CSIR, P.O. Box 395, Pretoria, 0001.
Alle bydraes en korrespondensie moet gerig word p/a Die Redakteur, Suid- Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Navorsing in Antarktika, SNO, WNNR, Posbus 395, Pretoria, 0001.
Produced and distributed by the Founda- tion for Research Development, CSIR, P.O. Box 395, Pretoria, 0001.
Versorg en versprei deur die Stigting vir Navorsingsontwikkeling, WNNR, Posbus 395, Pretoria, 0001.
Printed in the Republic of South Africa by the Graphic Arts Division of the CSIR.
In die Republiek van Suid-Afrika gedruk deur die Afdeling Grafiese Kunste van die WNNR.
The Insects of sub-Antarctic Marion and Prince Edward Islands; with a bibliography of Entomology of the Kerguelen
Biogeographical Province
I.E. Crafford, C.H. Scholtz and S.L. Chown
ISSN 0081-2455
Contents - Inhoud
Preface ... 42
Introduction . . . .. . . .. . . 42
History of entomological research at the Prince Edward Islands 44 Description of the environment . . . 44
Climate ... 44
Geology ... 44
Vegetation .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ... .. .. .. ... .. ... .. ... .. ... . . .. ... . ... ... . 45
Methodology . . . 45
The insects . . . 46
Systematics and biology . . . .. . 48
Ecology ... 70
The role of insects in the terrestrial ecosystem . . . 70
Ecological strategies . . . 72
Zoogeography . . . 73
Rates and modes of evolution in the sub-Antarctic . . . 75
Evolution of flightlessness . .. .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. .. . .. .. . . .. . .. . .. . . .. . 75
Conclusion .. . . . .. .. . . .. .. .. . . . .. .. . . .. . . . .. .. .. . . .. . . .. . .. . 75
Acknowledgements . . . .. . . .. .. . .. . . .. .. .. . . .. .. . .. . . .. . . 75
References . .. . . . .. .. .. . . . .. .. . . .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . . .. . . .. . .. . 76
Appendices: A. Parasitic insects of mammals and birds at the Prince Ed- ward Islands . . . 78
B. Bibliography of Entomology of the Kerguelen Biogeogra- phical Province . . . 78
EDITOR'S NOTE
Volume 16 (1986) of this Journal will consist of three (3) separate numbers, viz. 16(1), 16(2) and 16(3). This number is 16(2). The lists of expedition members to Marion, Gough and Sanae bases for 1986- 1987, members of the South African Scientific Committee for Ant- arctic Research (SASCAR) for 1986, and direction of projects in the South African National Antarctic Research Programme (SANARP) for 1986 will be carried in Volume 16(3) of 1986.
