Anggorodi, R. 1990. Ilmu Makanan Ternak Umum. Gramedia, Jakarta.
Anggorodi, 1979. Ilmu Makanan Ternak Umum, PT Gramedia, Jakarta.
Arifiantini, R.I and T.L Yusuf. 2006. Keberhasilan Penggunaan Tiga Pengencer Dalam Dua Jenis Kemasan Pada Proses Pembekuan Semen Sapi Frisien Holstein. Majalah Ilmiah Peternakan. 9:89-93.
Arsiwan., Saili, T., Baa, L.O., Rahadi, S. 2014. Membran Plasma Utuh Spermatozoa Epididimis Kambing Peranakan Ettawa dalam Natrium Klorida Dengan Konsentrasi Berbeda. Fakultas Peternakan UHO.
Kendari.
Bahar, S. 2006. Perbaikan Pakan Ternak Kambing Pada Perkebunan Kakao. Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian. Sulawesi Selatan.
Bearden, H. & Fuquay, J.W., 1997. Applied animal reproduction. (3th ed.).
Prentic-Hall, Englewood Cliff.
Bezerra M.B., Resende M.V., Perecin F. AlMeida, A.O,. Lucio A.C, De Lima V.F.M.H.. Separation of X bearing bovine sperm by centrifugation in continuous percoll and optiprep density gradient: Effect in sperm viability and in vitro embryo production. Ciência Animal Brasileira.
2009, v. 10, n.2, p. 581-587.
Bintara, S. 2011. Rasio Spermatozoa X:Y dan Kualitas Sperma pada Kambing Kacang dan Peranakan Ettawa. Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.
Butterfield, r.m and Bert, r.t. (1976). New concepts of cattle growth sydney;
university of sydney press.
Cahyono B. 1998. Beternak Domba dan Kambing dan Cara Meningkatkan Bobot dan Analisis Kelayakan Usaha. Penerbit Kanisius, Yogyakarta.
Cole, V. G. 1982. Beef Cattle Production Guide. Mac. Arthur Press Parramata.
New South Wales.
Ditjennak. (2010). Statistik Peternakan 2009. Direktorat Jenderal Peternakan, Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia.
Dorado J, Mu˜noz-Serrano A, Hidalgo M. 2010. The effect of cryopreservation on goat semen characteristics related to sperm freezability. Anim. Rep.
Sci. 121 : 115–123.
Evans G, Maxwell WMC. 1987. Salamon’s Artificial Insemination of Sheep and Nations (FAO). Rome : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
Fera M, Doloksaribu M dan Pamungkas FA. 2006 Karakteristik Semen Kambing Boer. Seminar Nasional Teknologi Peternakan dan Veteriner 2006. Loka Penelitian Kambing Potong, Sungei Putih PO BOX 1, Galang 20585.
Freeland JR. 2005. Molecular Ecology. London: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. pp.388.
Garner DL, Hafez ESE. 2000. Spermatozoa and Seminal Plasma. In Hafez B, Hafez ESE. 2000. Reproduction in Farm Animals 7th (Ed). Philadelphia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Hammond, J. 1932. Growth and development of mutton qualities in the sheep.
Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh.
Hammond, J. 1932. Growth and development of mutton qualities in the sheep.
Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh.
Hardjoprandjoto, S. 1995. Ilmu Kemajiran pada Ternak. Airlangga University Press. Surabaya.
Hidayat, R. 2004. Peranan Mineral Seng (Zn) dalam Tubuh Ternak. Pascasarjana IPB. Bogor.
Khairi, F., Muktiani, A., dan Ondho, Y.S. 2014. Pengaruh Suplemntasi Vitamin E, Mineral Selenium dan Zink Terhadap Konsumsi Nutrien, Produksi dan Kualitas Semen Sapi Simental. Program Studi Magister Ilmu Peternakan. Universitas Diponegoro.
Kurnia, F., Suhardiman, M., Stephani, L dan Purwadaria, T. 2012. Peranan Nano-Mineral Sebagai Bahan Imbuhan Pakan Untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitas dan Kualitas Produk Ternak. Fakultass Teknologi Unika Atma Jaya, Prodi Master Bioteknologi. Jakarta
Linder, M.C. 1992. Biokimia Nutrisi dan Metabolisme. Universitas Indonesia
Lubis, F.N.L., Alfianty, R., dan Sahara, E. 2015. Pengaruh Suplementasi Selenium Organik (Se) dan Vitamin E Terhadap Performa Itik Pegagan.
Jurnal Peternakan Sriwijaya. Universitas Sriwijaya. Sumatera Selatan.
Maynard, L.A., Loosli, J.K., Hintz, H.F. and Warner, R.K. (1979). Animal Nutrtion. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, U.S.A., ix + 602 pp.
Morel DMCG 1999. Equine Artificial Insemination. Wallingford : CABI Publishing.
Murtidjo, B.A. 1993. Beternak Sapi Potong. Kanisius. Yogyakarta.
Naing, S.W., H. Wahid, K.M. Azam, Y. Rosnina, A.B. Zuki, S. Kazhala, M.M.
Bukara, M. Thein, T. Kyaw and M.M. San 2010. Effect of sugars on characteristics of Boer goat semen after cryopreservation. Anim. Reprod.
Sci. 122:23–28.
National Research Council, 1981 National Science Education Standart.
Washington DC : National Academy Press.
Nesheim, M. C., R. E. Austic and L. E. Card. 1979. Poultry Production 12th ed.
Lea Febiger, Philadelphia.
Novriani H. 1995. Selenosis ternak pengaruhnya pada manusia. Cermin Dunia Kedokteran. Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan RI.
Jakarta.103:22-26.
Nur Z., Dogan I., Soylu M.K., Ak K.: Effect of different thawing procedures on the quality of bull semen. Rev Med Vet 2003, 154, 487-490.
Ogbuewu IP, Aladi NO, Etuk IF, Opara MN, Uchegbu MC, Okoli IC, Iloeje MU.
2010. Relevance of oxygen free radicals and antioxidants in sperm production and function. Research Journsl of Veterinary Sciences 3 (3):
138-164.
Pamungkas FA, Batubara A, Doloksaribu M, Sihite E. 2009. Petunjuk Teknis Potensi Plasma Nutfah Kambing Lokal Indonesia. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Peternakan Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Departemen Pertanian.
Parakkasi, A., 1995. Ilmu Nutrisi Ruminansia Pedaging. Departemen Ilmu Pakan Ternak, Fakultas Pertanian, IPB Bogor.
Piliang, W.G. 1997. Nutrisi Mineral. Edisi Kedua. PT. Penerbit Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.
Prabowo,A. 2010. Budidaya Ternak Kambing (Materi Pelatihan Agribisnis bagi
Graham JK, Blackburn HD. 2010. The fertility of ram sperm held for 24h at 5 °C prior to cryopreservation. Anim. Rep. Sci. 118: 231 -235.
Puspitasari.G. 2014. BAB I Kandungan Protein Pakan.eprints undip.ac.id.
Universitas Diponegoro.
Rachmawati,D., Samidjan I. 2013. Efektivitas Subtitusi Tepung Ikan Dengan Tepung Maggot Dalam Pakan Buatan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Kelulushidupan Ikan Patin (Pangasius pangasius). FPIK-Undip.
Semarang.
Revell SG, Mrode RA. 1994. An osmotic resistance test for bovine semen. Anim Reprod Sci, 36:77-86.
Siregar, S. B. 1994. Ransum Ternak Ruminansia. Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta.
Sodiq, A dan Abidin, Z. 2002. Penggemukan Domba. Agromedia Pustaka, Jakarta.
SPEEDY, A.W. 1980. Sheep Production. Longman, London.
Subandriyo. 2004. Pengelolaan plasma nutfah hewani sebbagai aset dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan manusia. Renstra program pengelolaan keanekaragaman hayati dan tanaman budidaya bapelda propinsi papua.
Sugeng, Y. B., 2000. Sapi Potong. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta.
Sumoprastowo, RM. 1993. Beternak Domba Pedaging dan Wol. Bhratara Niaga Media. Surakarta.
Tillman, A. D.,S, Reksohadiprodjo, S. Prawirokusumo, H. Hartadi dan S.
Lebdosoekojo. 1991. Ilmu Makanan Ternak Dasar. Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta.
Tillman, A. D., H. Hartadi, S. Reksohadiprodjo, S. Prawiro Kusuma, dan S.
Toelihere, M.R. (1985), Inseminasi Buatan pada Ternak, Penerbit Angkasa, Bandung.
Tomaszewska, M. W., J. M. Mastika, A. Djaja Negara, S. Gardiner, dan T. R.
Wiradarya. 1993. Produksi Kambing dan Domba di Indonesia. Surabaya:
Sebelas Maret University Press.
Utoyo, D.P., 2002. Status Manajemen Pemanfaatan dan Konservasi Sumberdaya Genetik Ternak (Plasma Nutfah) di Indonesia. Makalah Disampaikan Pada Pertemuan Komisi Nasional Plasma Nutfah, 19–20 April 2002.
Jakarta.
Widhyari, S,D., Wientarsih, I., Soehartono, H., Kompiang, I,P., Winarsih, W.
2009. Efektivitas Pemberian Kombinasi Mineral Zinc dan Herbal Sebagai Imunomodulator. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
LAMPIRAN
supl 3 28440.84783 9480.28261 1.53 0.2994
The SAS System 20:12 Thursday, March 15, 2017 3 The GLM Procedure
Duncan's Multiple Range Test for pbb
NOTE: This test controls the Type I comparisonwise error rate, not the experimentwise error rate.
Alpha 0.05 Error Degrees of Freedom 6 Error Mean Square 6178.693
Number of Means 2 3 4 Critical Range 136.0 141.0 143.4 Means with the same letter are not significantly different.
Duncan Grouping Mean N supl A 1872.66 4 A
A
A 1852.83 4 C A
A 1829.50 4 B A
A 1760.92 4 D
Pertambahan Bobot badan
t Tests (LSD) for pbb
NOTE: This test controls the Type I comparisonwise error rate, not the experimentwise error rate.
Alpha 0.05 Error Degrees of Freedom 6 Error Mean Square 0.246217 Critical Value of t 2.44691 Least Significant Difference 0.8585
Means with the same letter are not significantly different.
t Grouping Mean N supl A 40.1675 4 D B 32.1675 4 C C 30.9150 4 B D 23.5000 4 A
Konversi Pakan
t Tests (LSD) for pbb
NOTE: This test controls the Type I comparisonwise error rate, not the experimentwise error rate.
Alpha 0.05 Error Degrees of Freedom 6 Error Mean Square 8.814856 Critical Value of t 2.44691 Least Significant Difference 5.137
Means with the same letter are not significantly different.
t Grouping Mean N supl A 79.737 4 A B 59.195 4 B
B
B 57.617 4 C C 43.866 4 D
Motilitas
t Tests (LSD) for motilitas
NOTE: This test controls the Type I comparisonwise error rate, not the experimentwise error rate.
Alpha 0.05 Error Degrees of Freedom 6 Error Mean Square 14.58333 Critical Value of t 2.44691 Least Significant Difference 6.6074
Means with the same letter are not significantly different.
t Grouping Mean N supl A 78.750 4 D
A
A 76.250 4 B B 67.500 4 C
B
B 65.000 4 A
Viabilitas Spermatozoa
t Tests (LSD) for viabilitas
NOTE: This test controls the Type I comparisonwise error rate, not the experimentwise error rate.
Alpha 0.05 Error Degrees of Freedom 6 Error Mean Square 5.452915 Critical Value of t 2.44691 Least Significant Difference 4.0403
Means with the same letter are not significantly different.
t Grouping Mean N supl A 96.515 4 D B 91.213 4 B
B
C B 89.743 4 C C
C 86.608 4 A
Volume Semen
t Tests (LSD) for volumesperma
NOTE: This test controls the Type I comparisonwise error rate, not the experimentwise error rate.
Alpha 0.05 Error Degrees of Freedom 6 Error Mean Square 0.009792 Critical Value of t 2.44691 Least Significant Difference 0.1712
Means with the same letter are not significantly different.
t Grouping Mean N supl A 0.45000 4 D
A
B A 0.30000 4 B B
B C 0.20000 4 C C
C 0.12500 4 A
Konsentrasi Spermatozoa
t Tests (LSD) for konsentrasisperma
NOTE: This test controls the Type I comparisonwise error rate, not the experimentwise error rate.
Alpha 0.05 Error Degrees of Freedom 6 Error Mean Square 40729.17 Critical Value of t 2.44691 Least Significant Difference 349.19
Means with the same letter are not significantly different.
t Grouping Mean N supl A 4587.5 4 D
A
A 4562.5 4 B A
B A 4450.0 4 C B
B 4150.0 4 A
Membran Plasma Utuh
t Tests (LSD) for MPU
NOTE: This test controls the Type I comparisonwise error rate, not the experimentwise error rate.
Alpha 0.05 Error Degrees of Freedom 6 Error Mean Square 4.948792 Critical Value of t 2.44691 Least Significant Difference 3.849
Means with the same letter are not significantly different.
t Grouping Mean N supl A 82.430 4 D
A
A 80.033 4 B B 73.795 4 C C 69.858 4 A