BAB V HASIL
B. Saran
1. Bagi Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia
Sebaiknya Kementerian Kesehatan menerapkan standar rekomendasi aktivitas fisik di Indonesia dengan durasi, frekuensi dan intensitas yang sesuai dengan karakteristik individu seperti usia, status gizi penyakit penyerta.
2. Bagi Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan (Litbangkes)
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia
Diperlukan pengukuran faktor risiko penyakit tidak menular terutama pengukuran pola konsumsi individu yang lebih baik lagi dalam pengumpulan data Riskesdas, sehingga memiliki kualitas data yang lebih baik dan dapat digunakan dalam penelitian analisis lanjut data Riskesdas berikutnya.
3. Bagi Peneliti Selanjutnya
Diharapkan peneliti selanjutnya dapat melakukan penelitian terkait pengaruh manfaat aktivitas fisik dalam pencegahan terhadap PJK pada individu dengan indeks masa tubuh (IMT) kurang, serta manfaat aktivitas fisik pada penderita penyakit hipertensi dan diabetes mellitus, khususnya pada populasi studi di Indonesia.
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LAMPIRAN
Univariat
Aktivitas Fisik 1 * PJK Crosstabulation Count
PJK
Total Tidak ya
Aktivitas Fisik 1 rendah 459956 3336 463292 sedang 49129 134 49263 tinggi 209177 597 209774 Total 718262 4067 722329
Jenis Kelamin * PJK Crosstabulation Count
PJK
Total tidak ya
Jenis Kelamin Laki-laki 346053 1770 347823 Perempuan 372209 2297 374506 Total 718262 4067 722329
Group Statistics
PJK N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean Umur tidak 718262 39.83 16.168 .019 ya 4067 55.25 13.645 .214 Group Statistics PJK N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean durasi merokok tidak 222417 22.34 14.385 .031 ya 1240 31.38 15.228 .432
durasi merokok * PJK Crosstabulation Count
PJK
Total tidak ya
durasi merokok tidak merokok 461640 2658 464298 1-21 tahun 115080 343 115423 >=22 tahun 107337 897 108234 Total 684057 3898 687955
status merokok * PJK Crosstabulation Count
PJK
Total tidak ya
status merokok tidak merokok 461640 2658 464298 pernah merokok 31998 767 32765 merokok 224624 642 225266 Total 718262 4067 722329 Usia * PJK Diagnosis PJK Total Tidak Ya u2 15-26 tahun Count 173975 98 174073 % within Diagnosis PJK 24.2% 2.4% 24.1% 27-38 tahun Count 181732 355 182087 % within Diagnosis PJK 25.3% 8.7% 25.2% 39-50 tahun Count 179392 978 180370 % within Diagnosis PJK 25.0% 24.0% 25.0% >50 tahun Count 183163 2636 185799 % within Diagnosis PJK 25.5% 64.8% 25.7% Total Count 718262 4067 722329 % within Diagnosis PJK 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% IMT*PJK Diagnosis PJK Total Tidak Ya IMT1 1 Count 90410 415 90825 % within Diagnosis PJK 12.6% 10.2% 12.6% 2 Count 440720 1920 442640 % within Diagnosis PJK 61.4% 47.2% 61.3% 3 Count 77490 535 78025 % within Diagnosis PJK 10.8% 13.2% 10.8% 4 Count 100030 1060 101090 % within Diagnosis PJK 13.9% 26.1% 14.0% 999 Count 9612 137 9749 % within Diagnosis PJK 1.3% 3.4% 1.3% Total Count 718262 4067 722329 % within Diagnosis PJK 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
hipertensi * PJK Crosstabulation Count PJK Total tidak ya hipertensi tidak 650037 1933 651970 ya 68225 2134 70359 Total 718262 4067 722329 Diabetes Mellitus * PJK Crosstabulation Count PJK Total tidak ya Diabetes Mellitus tidak 706083 3529 709612 ya 12179 538 12717 Total 718262 4067 722329 Stroke * PJK Crosstabulation Count PJK Total tidak ya Stroke tidak 712669 3773 716442 ya 5593 294 5887 Total 718262 4067 722329 Bivariat Aktivitas Fisik * PJK Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 5.691E2a 2 .000 Likelihood Ratio 634.816 2 .000 Linear-by-Linear Association 526.056 1 .000 N of Valid Cases 722329 Usia * PJK Test Statisticsa Umur Mann-Whitney U 6.777E8 Wilcoxon W 2.586E11 Z -59.047
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .000 a. Grouping Variable: Diagnosis PJK
Jenis Kelamin * PJK Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (1-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 35.149a 1 .000 Continuity Correctionb 34.962 1 .000 Likelihood Ratio 35.280 1 .000
Fisher's Exact Test .000 .000
Linear-by-Linear Association 35.149 1 .000 N of Valid Casesb 722329 Durasi Merokok * PJK Test Statisticsa durasi merokok Mann-Whitney U 9.030E7 Wilcoxon W 2.483E10 Z -20.997
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .000 a. Grouping Variable: Diagnosis PJK
Kategori Usia * PJK Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (1-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 3.248E3a
1 .000
Continuity Correctionb 3.246E3 1 .000
Likelihood Ratio 2.804E3 1 .000
Fisher's Exact Test .000 .000
Linear-by-Linear Association 3.248E3 1 .000
N of Valid Casesb 722329 Status Merokok * PJK Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 2.162E3a 2 .000 Likelihood Ratio 1.412E3 2 .000 Linear-by-Linear Association 131.402 1 .000 N of Valid Cases 722329 Durasi merokok * PJK Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 2.810E2a 2 .000 Likelihood Ratio 295.858 2 .000 Linear-by-Linear Association 30.074 1 .000 N of Valid Cases 687955 Hipertensi * PJK Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (1-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 8.494E3a 1 .000
Continuity Correctionb 8.489E3 1 .000
Likelihood Ratio 4.756E3 1 .000
Fisher's Exact Test .000 .000
Linear-by-Linear Association 8.494E3 1 .000 N of Valid Casesb 722329
Diabetes Mellitus * PJK
Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (1-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 3.110E3a
1 .000
Continuity Correctionb 3.103E3 1 .000
Likelihood Ratio 1.312E3 1 .000
Fisher's Exact Test .000 .000
Linear-by-Linear Association 3.110E3 1 .000 N of Valid Casesb 722329
Stroke * PJK
Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (1-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 2.081E3a 1 .000
Continuity Correctionb 2.073E3 1 .000
Likelihood Ratio 790.833 1 .000
Fisher's Exact Test .000 .000
Linear-by-Linear Association 2.081E3 1 .000 N of Valid Casesb 722329
Aktivitas Fisik Sedang * PJK
Risk Estimate
Value
95% Confidence Interval
Lower Upper Odds Ratio for Aktivitas Fisik 1
(rendah / sedang) .376 .316 .447 For cohort PJK = tidak .996 .995 .996 For cohort PJK = ya 2.647 2.228 3.145 N of Valid Cases 512555
Aktivitas Fisik TInggi * PJK
Risk Estimate
Value
95% Confidence Interval
Lower Upper Odds Ratio for aktivitas fisik 2
(rendah / tinggi) .394 .361 .429 For cohort PJK = tidak .996 .995 .996 For cohort PJK = ya 2.530 2.319 2.760 N of Valid Cases 673066
Kuesioner Penelitian Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Kejadian Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK) di Indonesia
A. Identitas Responden
1. ID Responden 2. Nama
3. Jenis Kelamin 1. Laki-laki 2. Perempuan
4. Umur ______tahun
5. Alamat Lengkap
B. Aktivitas Fisik Responden (Gunakan kartu peraga)
1.
Apakah anda biasa melakukan aktivitas fisik berat yang dilakukan secara terus-menerus paling sedikit selama 10 menit setiap kali melakukannya
1. Ya
2. Tidak (lanjut nomor 4) 2. Biasanya berapa hari dalam seminggu melakukan aktivitas fisik
berat tersebut? ………..hari
3. Biasanya dalam sehari, berapa lama anda melakukan aktivitas
fisik berat tersebut? ………..jam ……….menit
4.
Apakah anda biasa melakukan aktivitas fisik sedang yang dilakukan secara terus-menerus paling sedikit selama 10 menit setiap kali melakukannya
1. Ya
2. Tidak (lanjut Bagian C) 5. Biasanya berapa hari dalam seminggu melakukan aktivitas fisik
sedang tersebut? ………..hari
6. Biasanya dalam sehari, berapa lama anda melakukan aktivitas
fisik sedang tersebut? ………..jam ……….menit
C. Pengukuran Antropometri
1. Berat Badan Responden _______kilogram
2. Tinggi Badan Responden ______centimeter
D. Perilaku Merokok
1. Apakah anda merokok selama 1 bulan terakhir? 1)Ya, setiap hari (lanjut nomor 2)
2)Ya, kadang-kadang (lanjut nomor 3)
3) Tidak, tapi sebelumnya merokok setiap hari (lanjut nomor 2)
4)Tidak, tapi sebelumnya merokok kadang-kadang 5)Tidak pernah sama sekali (lanjut pertanyaan blok G)
……….
2 Berapa umur anda saat mulai merokok setiap hari?
(Isikan dengan ”98” jika responden menjawab tidak ingat) .……..Tahun
3 Berapa umur [NAMA] ketika pertama kali merokok?
E. Penyakit Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
Apakah anda pernah didiagnosis menderita DM oleh dokter? 1. Ya 2. Tidak
F. Penyakit Stroke
Apakah anda pernah didiagnosis menderita penyakit stroke oleh tenaga kesehatan (dokter/perawat/bidan)?
1. Ya 2. Tidak
G. Tekanan Darah Tinggi (Hipertensi)
Apakah anda pernah didiagnosis menderita hipertensi oleh tenaga kesehatan (bidan/perawat/dokter)?
1. Ya 2. Tidak
H. Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK)
Apakah anda pernah didiagnosis menderita PJK (angina perktoris dan/atau infark miokard) oleh dokter?
1. Ya 2. Tidak