Perbaikan Tata Kelola, Kebijakan dan Kelembagaan Kehutanan untuk Mengurangi Emisi
5. Pelajaran yang Dapat Diambil Meskipun tingkat persiapan pelaksanaan REDD+ di Indonesia termasuk yang
paling maju di dunia, masih banyak persoalah kelembagaan yang perlu dibenahi oleh berbagai pihak agar skema REDD+ dapat dijalankan dengan prinsip-prinsip efi siensi, efektifi tas, berkeadilan, dan berkelanjutan. Perbaikan system peraturan perundang-undangan merupakan salah satu basis dalam membangun kelembagaan REDD+ di Indonesia. Jika peraturan perundang-undangan sudah mampu mendukung kelembagaan REDD+, maka sistem distribusi manfaat REDD+ dapat dikembangkan sesuai dengan kondisi yang ada di lapangan. Secara implicit, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran Kementerian Kehutanan dan Kementrerian Keuangan dalam membangun sistem distribusi insentif REDD+ sangat besar sehingga perlu didorong untuk segera menyelesaikan hambatan struktural dalam perumusan kebijakan dan penyusuan peraturan perundang-undangan.
49 Prosiding Workshop Kerjasama Internasional
5. Pelajaran yang Dapat Diambil
Meskipun tingkat persiapan pelaksanaan REDD+ di Indonesia termasuk yang paling maju di dunia, masih banyak persoalah kelembagaan yang perlu dibenahi oleh berbagai pihak agar skema REDD+ dapat dijalankan dengan prinsip-prinsip efi siensi, efektifi tas, berkeadilan, dan berkelanjutan. Perbaikan system peraturan perundang-undangan merupakan salah satu basis dalam membangun kelembagaan REDD+ di Indonesia. Jika peraturan perundang-undangan sudah mampu mendukung kelembagaan REDD+, maka sistem distribusi manfaat REDD+ dapat dikembangkan sesuai dengan kondisi yang ada di lapangan. Secara implicit, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran Kementerian Kehutanan dan Kementrerian Keuangan dalam membangun sistem distribusi insentif REDD+ sangat besar sehingga perlu didorong untuk segera menyelesaikan hambatan struktural dalam perumusan kebijakan dan penyusuan peraturan perundang-undangan.49 Prosiding Workshop Kerjasama Internasional
Daftar Pustaka
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& SCHWARTZMAN, S. 2007. Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD). Available: http://www.ucsusa.org/assets/documents/ global_warming/can_redd_discussion_paper.pdf.
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HOANG, M. H., DO, T. H., PHAM, M. T., NOORDWIJK, M. V. & MINANG, P. A. 2012. Benefit Distribution Across Scales to Reduce Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) in Vietnam, Land Use Policy, In Press.
IRAWAN, S., TACCONI, L. & RING, I. 2011. Designing Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers for Conservation: The case of REDD+ revenue distribution to local governments in Indonesia Working Paper #3. Canberra: Asia Pacifi c Network for Environmental Governance, The Australian National University.
Daftar Pustaka
Daftar Pustaka
AGRAWAL, A. 2007. Forests, Governance, and Sustainability: Common property theory and its contributions, International Journal of the Commons, 1, 111-136. AGRAWAL, A. & ANGELSEN, A. 2009. Using Community Forest Management
to Achieve REDD+ Goals, In: ANGELSEN, A., WITH BROCKHAUS, M., KANNINEN, M., SILLS, E, SUNDERLIN, W.D., AND WERTZ-KANOUNNIKOFF, S. (ed.) Realising REDD+: National strategy and policy options. Bogor: CIFOR.
ANGELSEN, A. 2008. How do we set the reference levels for REDD payments?, In: ANGELSEN, A. (ed.) Moving Ahead with REDD: Issues, options and implications. Bogor: CIFOR.
BIRD, R. 2001. Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations in Latin America: Policy Design and Policy Outcomes. Washington, DC: Inter-American Development Bank. BLAUSTEIN, R., ETTLINGER, R. B., BOUCHER, D., MACEY, K., RYAN, F.
& SCHWARTZMAN, S. 2007. Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD). Available: http://www.ucsusa.org/assets/documents/ global_warming/can_redd_discussion_paper.pdf.
BOND, I., GRIEG-GRAN, M., WERTZ-KANOUNNIKOFF, S., HAZLEWOOD, P., WUNDER, S. & ANGELSEN, A. 2009. Incentives to Sustain Forest Ecosystem Services: A review and lessons for REDD. London, Bogor and Washington, D.C.: International Institute for Environment and Development, London, UK, with CIFOR, Bogor, Indonesia, and World Resources Institute, Washington D.C., USA.
HOANG, M. H., DO, T. H., PHAM, M. T., NOORDWIJK, M. V. & MINANG, P. A. 2012. Benefit Distribution Across Scales to Reduce Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) in Vietnam, Land Use Policy, In Press.
IRAWAN, S., TACCONI, L. & RING, I. 2011. Designing Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers for Conservation: The case of REDD+ revenue distribution to local governments in Indonesia Working Paper #3. Canberra: Asia Pacifi c Network for Environmental Governance, The Australian National University.
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Reduce Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) in Indonesia PhD Thesis Submitted for Examination, The Australian National University. NURROCHMAT, D. R., KOSMARYADI, N. & HADIANTO, A. 2011. Analysis
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51 Prosiding Workshop Kerjasama Internasional
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WERTZ-KANOUNNIKOF, S. & ANGELSEN, A. 2009. Global and National REDD+ Architecture: Linking institutions and actions, In: ANGELSEN, A., WITH BROCKHAUS, M., KANNINEN, M., SILLS, E, SUNDERLIN, W.D., AND WERTZ-KANOUNNIKOFF, S. (ed.) Realising REDD+: National strategy and policy options. Bogor: CIFOR.
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