CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
B. Previous Related Studies
Previous study is previous research that has the same topic with the research conducted. The researcher explained five previous studies related to the topic of this research “strategies in teaching vocabulary”.
The first research is from Hadi Nurahmad Dasapratama (2020), IAIN Ponorogo. The title is “Teacher’s Strategies in Teaching Vocabulary for Young Learners (A Descriptive Study on Teaching Vocabulary at Eyl Class of Ohio English Course)”. In this research, researcher wanted to know the kinds of teachers’ strategies in teaching vocabulary for young learner, how are student’s response related to strategies that used by teaching in teaching vocabulary and to know the advantages of teachers’ strategies in teaching vocabulary for Young Learner.
This research used descriptive qualitative design and conducted at English of Young Learner class of OHIO English Course. Subjects of this research are students of English of Young Learner and teachers of OHIO English Course. Researcher used observation, interview and documentation to collect data. Researcher used three ways to analyze data from miles and Huberman. There are reducing data, presenting data, and then drawing conclusion.
From Hadi Nurahmad Dasapratama’s thesis, the result showed that the teachers’ strategies in teaching vocabulary in English of Young Learner class of OHIO English Course are listen and repeat, listen and do, games and song, question and answer, and outdoor learning. Those strategies are suitable for young learner in OHIO English Course. The students’ response related to
strategies that implemented by teacher in teaching vocabulary for young learner is student enjoy the learning process. Teachers used many techniques to make students understand easily. The advantages of the teachers’ strategies are making student more active, easy to memorize the word, and improve student’s interest in learning process.
Thesis from Hadi Nurahmad Dasapratama has similarities with the research made by researcher, which are both of them used descriptive qualitative design, using observation, interview, documentation to collect data, and using same variable “teaching vocabulary”. The difference between Hadi Nurahmad Dasapratama’s research and this research is Hadi Nurahmad Dasapratama’s research focused on teaching vocabulary at the young learner level. Meanwhile, this study focused on the senior high school level or in old learners.
The second thesis is from Isna Yuliani (2017) from IAIN Palangkaraya.
The title of this research is “Teaching English Vocabulary Strategy for Deaf Students in SLBN 1 of Palangkaraya”. The purposes of this research are to know the strategy used by English teachers in teaching students with special needs (deaf students) at SBLN 1 Palangkaraya and how to implement the strategy. This study uses qualitative design. Researcher used observations, interviews, field notes and documentation to collect data. Researcher used several ways to analyze data such as collecting data, selecting data, displaying the data, and making the conclusion. The subjects of this research are English teachers who teach deaf students in SLBN 1 Palangkaraya.
In Isna Yuliani’s thesis, the result showed that the strategies used by English teachers in teaching vocabulary at SLBN 1 Palangkaraya are personal delivery, presentation, studio work and lab, placement and fieldwork, choice of room, time tabling, and maternal reflective. When applying these strategies, students got high marks and support from the media used when learning. In addition, students also got motivation from the teacher. Giving motivation is very important because students' motivation in learning English will increase so that students will like to learn English.
The thesis from Isna Yuliani has similarities with research made by the researcher, in which both of them use qualitative design. The difference between Isna Yuliani’s research and this research is Isna Yuliani’s research focused on teaching vocabulary to students with special needs, namely deaf students. Meanwhile, this research focused on students who do not have special needs. Both types of students are very different in terms of teaching because not all teachers are able and have skills in teaching students with special needs.
The third is a Journal article from Fatah Huda (2016). The title is “An Investigation of English Teaching Strategies in Enhancing Students’
Vocabulary Implemented by A Pre-Service English Teacher”. The purpose of this research is to investigate the strategy of teaching used by Pre-service English teachers in teaching vocabulary at junior high school in Bandung. This research used descriptive qualitative research and was conducted at junior high school in Bandung. The researcher used observation, interviews, and questionnaires to collect data. The participant of this research is a male pre-
service English teacher that enrolled in a teaching practicum at eight grade class of Junior high school in Bandung that consists of 35 students.
To analyze the data, the researcher uses some steps. The first is analyzing into a brief description from observation. Second, creating coding from the questionnaire and interview and then creating a brief explanation of the data.
Last, interpreting and presenting the data. The result of this study is the teacher uses several techniques in a method that they use as a vocabulary teaching strategy. There are contextual teaching and learning with the neighborhood walk, silent way by using pictures and puzzles, and total physical response by using gamification.
Fatah Huda's research has similarities with this research. Both of them use descriptive qualitative design. The differences between both studies are research conducted by Fatah Huda used a pre-service English teacher as a subject and Fatah Huda’s research used a questionnaire to collect data.
Meanwhile, in this study, the researcher used non-pre-service English teachers at MAN Wonogiri as subjects and it did not use questionnaires to collect data.
Besides that, Fatah Huda’s research focused on teaching vocabulary at the junior high school level. Meanwhile, this research focused on teaching vocabulary at the senior high school level.
The fourth thesis is Dzakiah Kinanthi Eka Putri Kadir (2019) from IAIN Surakarta. The title is “Teaching Vocabulary for The Seventh-Grade Students of SLB Dharma Anak Bangsa in Academic Year 2018/2019”. The purpose of this research is to describe how teaching vocabulary at SLB Dharma Anak Bangsa. In this research, the researcher wanted to know the strategy of teaching
vocabulary, the way in implementing the strategy, and how students’ reactions related to teaching and learning vocabulary in class. This research used descriptive qualitative research conducted at SLB Dharma Anak Bangsa Klaten. The researcher used observation, interviews, and documentation to collect data. The participants of this research are English teachers and students at SLB Dharma Anak Bangsa Klaten. To analyze the data, the researcher used the steps from Miles and Huberman (1984).
The result of this thesis is teacher use some ways to teach vocabulary such as TPR, written language, or writing a vocabulary for students, and written text.
In implementing TPR, the teacher used it in the form of written words or oral speech in general. In implementing written text, firstly, the teacher taught basic vocabulary. From those simple words, they just developed into simple sentences. Related to the reaction of students in learning vocabulary, most of the students like realia or pictures as media that teachers used in teaching vocabulary.
The research from Dzakiah Kinanthi has similarities with the research that carried out by researcher. They both used “teaching vocabulary” as variable, used descriptive qualitative design, and used observation, interview, documentation to collect data. The difference between both studies is the research conducted by Dzakiah Kinanthi focused on teaching vocabulary for students with special needs at SLB Dharma Anak Bangsa Klaten. Meanwhile, in this research, researcher focused on teaching vocabulary for senior high school. Then in Dzakiah Kinanti’s research described about students’ reaction according to the implementation of teacher strategies, but in this research,
researcher wanted to describe the factors influencing the teachers to apply the strategies to their students.
The fifth thesis is Zakiyatul Fitria (2017) from Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. The title is “Teaching Strategies in Teaching Vocabulary to the Eight Grade Students in Extracurricular Program at MTs II Surakarta”. The purposes of this research are to explain about teacher strategies used in teaching vocabulary, how the teacher applies the strategies to their students, and to identify students’ responses to the teacher strategies in teaching vocabulary. This research used descriptive qualitative research and conducted at extracurricular program in Mts N II Surakarta. Researcher used observation, interview and documentation to collect data. The participants of this research are two English teachers and four students at extracurricular program in Mts N II Surakarta.
The result showed that the teachers used some strategies in teaching vocabulary. There are example sentences, opposite, synonyms, consulting the dictionary, practice strategy, and memorization. Besides that, the student's response regarding to the teaching strategies showed that they enjoy teaching and learning so they can learn vocabulary actively.
The research from Zakiyatul Fitria has similarities with the research carried out by researchers. They both used “teaching vocabulary” as a variable, used descriptive qualitative design, and used observation, interview, and documentation to collect data. The difference between both studies is the research conducted by Zakiyatul Fitria focused on teaching vocabulary to students at the junior high school level. Meanwhile, in this research, the
researcher focused on teaching vocabulary to senior high school. Then, Zakiyatul Fitria’s research used two English teachers and four students as the subject of research. Meanwhile, this study just used two English teachers as the subject of research.