CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS
B. Discussions
According to the findings and analysis directly above, the researcher found that the students made errors in using auxiliary verbs in their essay writing. The errors included of omission, addition, misformation and misordering error. Based on the result, the students made error typing in three error types, those are omission was 52 errors or
50,48%, addition was 11 errors or 10,69%, misformation was 40 errors or 38,83%. But, in misordering type of error the students didn’t made errors on it. It meant that most of the students still made errors based on surface strategy taxonomy in their writing.
In this research, based on the theory of Dulay, the finding data described that omission error was the highest type of errors that appeared in students’ auxiliary verbs in writing essay, especially the error of omission primary auxiliary verbs in writing essay which consisted of 25 errors or 24,27%.
Related to the findings of earlier research, the findings of this research were systematically dissimilar from earlier research about auxiliary verbs errors error analysis. Agustin (2018) found that there were misordering of primary auxiliary verb, misformation of primary auxiliary verb, omission of primary auxiliary verbs, addition of primary auxiliary verbs and addition of modal auxiliary verbs in students’ consecutive interpretation. Moreover, Yunhadi (2017) found that those were omission error, addition error (double marking and regularization), misformation error and miscellaneous error which had been being appeared in the High School students’ writing. Based on previous research before, it could be concluded that the students made error in their writing.
From this research, the researcher found the highest error is in omission error, which was 52 errors. The researcher hopes that this research gives more understanding about grammatical error or auxiliary
verbs error, especially to the readers. Based on this research, it could have explained the new theory of grammatical error analysis which had not discussed yet in the previous researches.
81 CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
In this segment, the researcher presented the conclusions and suggestions in the end section of this research. The conclusion was settled based on the framed research questions, meanwhile suggestions were offered to provide information to the next researchers who were ancious about doing the same research.
A. Conclusion
In this research, writing was a skill to formulate and organize ideas in the right words to transform and communicate the purpose to the reader by presenting it on a piece of paper (Sumarsih and Sanjaya in Sabaruddin, 2019). It meant that if people wanted to express their ideas or views about something, they could write it by formulating and organizing it through the writing media. So, they could communicate and tranform theirs ideas/views with the people who read the writing itself and those people were called as the readers.
The importance of English Influenced the educational system in Indonesia especially in learning English raised among English Language and Literature Department Students at Alauddin State Islamic University of Makassar had proper the researcher to analyze auxiliary verbs error in writing essay made by the third semester students. Based on the finding data of this research, it found that one hundred and three errors in
students’ auxiliary verbs in writing essay. The highest frequency of error in students’ auxiliary verbs in writing essay happened in omission error which consisted of 52 errors or 50,48%. Next misformation error which consisted of 40 errors or 38,83%. Then, addition error which consisted of 11 errors or 10,69%. And the last, the researcher didn’t find misordering error in the students’ auxiliary verbs in writing essay. So, the researcher concluded that the students in University especially in English Language and Literature Department still made errors in their writing especially the error on using auxiliary verbs in writing essay.
B. Suggestion
The Researcher would like to propose some suggestions. Hopefully, the suggestion would give a new idea for a better learning process, especially in writing skill in English Language and Literature Department at Alauddin State Islamic University of Makassar. There were several suggestions related to the auxiliary verbs error analysis in essay writing.
1. For the Lecturers
The researcher suggested that all the lecturers to use the most appropriate methods or techniques in teaching writing. So, it would make the students more understand about the grammar itself well, therefore it would helped to minimalize the errors from the students writing.
2. For the Students
The researcher hoped that the students had to learn English by reading more about grammar materials, so they could improved their English grammar ability in writing especially about auxiliary verbs itself.
3. For the Further Reserachers
This research was expected that the result of the research could give more information to other researcher who wanted to conduct similar research.
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APPENDIX A
List of Students
No NAME NIM
1 Akbar Amirullah 40300119110
2 Alfitri Dwifayani S 40300119106
3 Andi Nurul Hilmy 40300119131
4 Anita 40300119137
5 Ardita 40300119139
6 Arlly Arfina Elier 40300119128
7 Desi Ratnasari 40300119099
8 Erwin 40300119132
9 Fitriani Ayu Ningsi 40300119127
10 Hasnatul Husna 40300119125
11 Husnul Khotimah 40300119113
12 Ismilenia Malta 40300119102
13 Isnaeni 40300119101
14 Julqaidah 40300119135
15 Luthfi Yassar 40300119124
16 Muh. Riski Akbar Malik 40300119103
17 Muhammad Ali Emir Abdullah P.K.T. 4030019097
18 Muhammad Risal 40300119133
19 Muhammad Teguh Wererilangi 40300119119
20 Nur Alasima 40300119140
21 Nur Aliah Rahmania 40300119134
22 Nur Fadilah 40300119115
23 Nurdiana 40300119117
24 Nurhikmah Ramadani 40300119121
25 NurIsmila Dewi 40300119107
26 Nurmila Sari 40300119114
27 Nurul Fatimah 40300119095
28 Sakina Al Munawara 40300119108
29 Salsabila Latifa 40300119111
30 Serli Merlis 40300119126
31 Shihanah Ayyuni 40300119136
32 Sindy 40300119129
33 Syahrani Ilyas 40300119098
34 Syahrul Akib 40300119138
35 Yayan Sari 40300119104
36 Yurianti 40300119122
APPENDIX B
SURFACE STRATEGY TAXONOMY CODE 1. Omission
1. a. Omission of Major Constituent
1.a.1. subject (noun/pronoun) before primary auxiliary verbs.
1.a.2. subject (noun/pronoun) before modal auxiliary verbs.
1.b. Omission of Grammatical Morphemes 1.b.1. omission primary auxiliary verbs.
1.b.2. omission modal auxiliary verbs.
2. Addition
2.a. Double Marking
2.a.1. suffix-s (at verb) after primary auxiliary.
2.a.2. suffix-s (at verb) after modal auxiliary.
2.a.3. suffix-ing (at verb) after modal auxiliary.
2.b. Simple Addition
2.b.1. addition of primary auxiliary verb.
2.b.2. addition of modal auxiliary verb.
3. Misformation
3.a. Overregularization
3.a.1. primary aux. in present form.
3.a.2. modal aux. in present form.
3.a.3. regular present verb (present) after aux.
3.a.4. irregular verb (past) after aux.
3.b. Archi/alternating forms
3.b.1. misformation of primary auxiliary.
3.b.2. misformation of modal auxiliary.
4. Misordering
APPENDIX C
Surface Strategy Taxonomy Error
Essay
APPENDIX D
Table of Students’ Error Description in Using Auxiliary Verbs in Writing Essay
Essay
Number Sentences Types of Error Incorrect Form Correct Form
1
generation.
Each region has its own uniqueness
Each region has its own uniqueness
respect to other
well. modal) health of their own bodies. not dicipline on its rules to wear mask and also use
our ancestors, and science that is very young or ^ is still
dedication to the Bugis people since ancient times.
without thinking that will also cause the teenager fell
and the Middle
books and friends. (primary aux. invited to attend its annual party,.... second night of the last before the
pursue a fulfilling
27
... that ^ threaten the health of many people.
in Indonesia. increase interest in investing in
developments by aware it, is useless.
Misformation
APPENDIX E
SAMPLE OF STUDENTS’ ESSAY Sample 1 (essay no. 2)
Worksheet Name : Alfitri Dwifayani S
NIM : 40300119106 Topic : Culture
Topic of essay: Education/Culture/Health/Environment
Please make an essay (Descriptive Essay) and choose only one topic from some topics above. Write the essay into five paragraphs or more than five paragraphs.
Jeneponto Culture
We often hear that the sentence A'bulo Sibatang in Makassar culture which when interpreted in Indonesian means "a stick of bamboo", this sentence is the culture of the Makassar tribal community which has remained heeded until now.
It because of it means that "working together in one group". What a beautiful culture and should be preserved.1 No less interesting is the culture of the Jeneponto people in particular. It is not only the word A'bulo Sibatang but the adagium A'bulo Sibatang Accera Sitongka-tongka which means one taste, one blood to work together. The adage is a culture that was built by our predecessors since the Karaeng-karaeng of Jeneponto did not accept that their people were oppressed. They were make slaves by the Gowa Kingdom at that time.2 And then they assumed that this was called siri '(shame).
Thus, there arose a sense of resistance from the karaeng and the people to fight against the troops of the Gowa Kingdom in Butta Turatea with the certain consequence. The consequence is that it would give birth to blood as the expression in the book "Three Expressions of Binamu Kingdom". A story that
makes my heart jolt while thinking about it and I hope that this adage will also be held firmly by today's youth to the younger generations. Eventhough on the other hand, with the times, it makes someone change their way of thinking, some young people think that adage is no longer suitable to be used for various reasons and grounds. We cannot be too consumed with modern life and knowledge that makes us forget about culture,3 especially the overseas students as the next generation.
Culture cannot be thrown away or just forgotten because it is raised us and then culture is the characteristic of our beloved region.
local culture is our pride, isn’t it? It is a good thing to show our regional identity to other regions, isn’t it? Do not misinterpret this adage by defining that it is intended or used only to fight a group of people but also useful in other social life, for example carrying out social activities in society or institutional arrangements to work in one sense to achieve common goals. Let's remine about the events of 2019 when the students who are members of the Turatea Student Association (HPMT) united to fight foreign students who made cadres experience siri 'na pacce.
In Pattahindi's writings, Ahimsa defines siri 'as the feeling of a person who is humiliated or when his dignity is attacked or insulted by someone else (Ahimsa 2007). Meanwhile Pacce is defined as sympathy for fellow Jeneponto people who promote persianakkang (brotherhood) and solidarity. They cling to the proverb of A'bulo sibatang accera sitongka-tongka, so the enthusiasm of the cadres is getting hotter because siri' is considered a disgrace by the Jeneponto youth. Eventhough when the news of the HPMT cadres' resistance was heard at that time, this self made me feel scared for a moment, but seeing his enthusiasm made me proud as a brother and as a student from Jeneponto.
The proverb that we have to preserve together in social life as young Butta Turatea is one blood and one togetherness to uphold Sipakainga '(reminding each other), Sipakatau (mutual respect) and Sipakalabbiri' (mutual respect, never
differentiating) in terms of mutual progress, and strengthen the ties of friendship between each other.
Sample 2 (essay no. 4)
Worksheet Name : Anita
NIM : 40300119137 Topic : Environment
Topic of essay: Education/Culture/Health/Environment
Please make an essay (Descriptive Essay) and choose only one topic from some topics above. Write the essay into five paragraphs or more than five paragraphs.
Save the Nature
Everything that surrounds us is referred to our invironmnet. It includes of living, non living, natural or manmade things. Our natural environment includes of trees, gardens, rivers, jungle, air, lakes, sea, etc. Ancient humans lived closer to the natural environment. Therefore they lived healthier and longer. But, today we aresurrounded by the artificial environment that we have to create for ourselves buildings, air conditioned rooms, streets, shopping complexes, vehicle dust, etc.
When we talk about the nature, automatically we will think and see our environment. The air we breathe, the water we consume, the ecosystem we live in, the vegetation we eat and all of the beautiful view we see. Of course, all those things necessary to protect and take care of it. All of us wants to enjoy this nature with savely. The vegetation, aquatic life, all living species including humans affected by the condition of the environment they live in.1 Hence, it is an evident beyond doubt that a clean environment is very much necessary for a health ecosystem.
Now, in this era, there are so many damage to the environment which have been being happened by human activities such as like industrializations, deforestation, urbanization, glabalization, etc greatly adds to the environmental pollution. Human activities like burning of fossil fuel, cement production, etc are results in the emission of CO2 gas. On the other hand the major source of NH3 emission is the agriculture sector, where ammonia based fertilizers are used. NH3 plays significant role in the production of atmosphere particulate matter (APM), which depleting the quality index of breathable air.2 And it is from the expulsion of harmful gases that very dangerous for our environment especially for our nature for future.
This condition now is in the alarming level. All of us need to save our nature and clean it clearly. That’s why cleaning environment necessary or importance. There are many ways that we can do to protect or clean our environment for saving the nature, such as like:
a. Reduce, reuse, and recycle.
b. Volunteer for clean up in your community
c. Educates and helps others understand the importance of our natural resources.
d. Plant the trees.
e. Don’t send chemical into our waterways.
f. Shop wisely and buy less plastic and bring a reusable shopping bag, etc.
In conclusion, we need to protect our nature from damage. We must protect our environment and start it fom ourselves.Our nature is our future, Fresh environment will make our life happily. Refraining from doing what is damaging the environment is the first step towards maintaining health and protecting the environment.
Sample 3 (essay no. 6)
Worksheet Name : Arlly Arfina Elier
NIM : 40300119128 Class : AG-6
Topic : Health
Topic of essay: Education/Culture/Health/Environment
Please make an essay (Descriptive Essay) and choose only one topic from some topics above. Write the essay into five paragraphs or more than five paragraphs.
Health
I took the topic of health because at the moment there are so many people whose health is being disturbed,1 especially with the virus covid 19. At this time, we can2 see that there are so many people who suffer from the diseases such as flu, coughs, and high fever. Those who have these symptoms canbe said to be exposed to the virus Covid 19.
We can see in the current situation that many suffer from this disease even if it should cause death.2 It will be dangerous for our health, that’s why we need to always consumed a healthy foodand doing some excersice.3 In our own country we can see that the death rate is increasing over time. The virus in our own country is endless because the people have never heard the government world about the health protocol.
If government ordered to use a mask outside the house,there are still those who do notwear it.Eventhough they already known that Indonesia is a country with the highest death rate with the Covid 19 virus in ASIA.4 How is our country free from viruses while its citizens do not complied with health protocols?5 We all order citizens to stay healthy so they as not to be exposed by the virus.6 Because health is very important to us. Health is the main key to be happy. If we are not in
good health or in a state of illness then it is the same as we have to lost our
good health or in a state of illness then it is the same as we have to lost our