CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
C. Review of Related Findings
the level of the students‟ abilityin Identifying English Affixation in word formation test at the Eight Grade Students of SMP N 2 Patampanua Kabupaten Pinrang was average level or 33.55, then the total score from the whole class was 57.73. It means that the level of the students‟ ability in Identifying English Affixation at the Eight Grade Students of SMP N 2 Patampanua Kabupaten Pinrang was categorized into average level.
Secondly, Hadaya (2019) took Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training of English Education Department or TBI-1(2019) did the research was entitled “The Students‟ Ability in Identifying Derivational Affixes in Discussion Text at Eight Semester of English Department IAIN Padangsidimpuan in 2019/2020 Academic Year”. Hadaya discussed about the students‟ ability in identifying derivational affixes in discussion text at eight semester of English department IAIN Padangsidimpuan. Then, the researcher found that mean score of students‟ ability in identifying derivational affixes in discussion text is 53.3. Furthermore, the score of Zcount is 5.71 whereas Ztable is 0.1736. The result showed Zcount>Ztable, Zcount is bigger than Ztable. In the other word the hypothesis that the ability of the students in identifying derivational affixes in discussion text is categorized into high categories was rejected. It was also concluded that the students‟ ability in identifying derivational affixes in discussion text at eight semester of English Department IAIN Padangsidimpuan in 2019/2020 academic year is categorized into enough categories.
Thirdly, the journal of Lingua Cultura, 12(3), 289-293 written by Kalee et al (2018) which is “Error Analysis in the Use of Affixation in Indonesian Language Paper Written by Thai Students” . Based on the research data, EA in affixation of Indonesian language paper written by Thai students are many. Affixation usage errors include five errors. The errors include 21 errors (29%) in prefix, 9 errors (13%) in suffix, 9 errors (13%) in confix, and 33 errors (46%) in klofiks. The most errors done by the students are klofiks. In addition, the errors found in the students‟ papers are caused by two factors; they are interlingual and intralingual factors. In the interlingual factor, there are 5 errors (7%) and intralingual factor has 67 errors (93%). The error caused by intralingual factor includes overgeneralization (5 errors or 7%) and ignorance of rule restriction (62 errors or 86%).The errors of Indonesian language occur due to the lack of language mastery by foreign students. It can be said that the students have limitations on the target language. In accordance with the results, the students need to improve the ability to understand the morphology, especially in the use of affixation. To improve their skill, the students also need to absorb more knowledge by reading books, articles, or scientific papers related to the use of affixation. For teachers of foreign students, they should teach Indonesian Language grammar deeply, especially the use of affixation. Thus, the students can improve their ability in using Indonesian language that they can form good and well-structured sentence in scientific papers.
Fourthly, the research report was arranged by Hilman (2009) about An Analysis of English Affixation in Narrative Writing at Grade Eleven of SMA Methodist Pematangsiantar. He found that from the data analysis and data interpretation above shows that the students at grade eleven are able to write about narrative writing. Besides that, the students at grade eleven rather use the suffixes than the prefixes in writing narrative. In addition to that, the writer finds that the students are prefer using the inflectional affixes than derivational affixes. After considering the data analysis, the writer concludes that: a. In narrative writing, the students at grade eleven rather use the suffix – ed, -ing, plural –s, and third person singular. b. The students at grade eleven are less of using the affixation in narrative writing. c. In writing narrative, there are many mistakes that the students make in their writing.
The fifth, Musdalifah (2019), she did the research about Students‟
Ability to Use English Affixation (A Descriptive Study at the Third Semester Students of English Department of Muhammadiyah University of Makassar).
Her study was descriptive quantitative method. In order to get the data, the researcher used documentation of changing adjective into abstract noun. The finding indicated that the students‟ ability in changing adjective into abstract noun is fairly good. There were three indicates to assess the students‟ ability, namely students‟ score, students‟ qualification, and students‟ mean score.
Based on the data analysis by using qualitative score, it was found that score of the students‟ ability was 71.33 and this qualification was fairly good.
The sixth, research by Wati et al (2021). Their research was about An Analysis of Affixes in Recount Text of English Text Book Use in Eight Grade of Junior High School. The purpose of this study was to determine the types of affixes contained in the story and where the affixes contained in a story in the form of recount text. This research analyzes and its object is the recount text story contained in the eighth grade reading book, with the title of the story of holiday at home. Qualitative descriptive is the method used in this research. After the research was conducted, the result of this research is to find any the suffix affix that dominates the story and the result of the data is that there are 7 suffixes, namely 7 -s,-ed, -ing, -es, -ers, -ty and –ness.
The seventh, research by Hasanah (2014). Her research was about An Analysis on the English Affixation Usage in News Column of Jakarta Post Newspaper on Monday and Sunday Editions: Vol 31, No. 337 – 338, April 13rd - 14th. The writer used method with qualitative in content analysis method. The objectives of the research to require: 1) the forms of the affixation that used in the Jakarta Post newspaper, 2) the meaning of the affixation that used in the Jakarta Post newspaper, 3) the usage of the affixation that used in the Jakarta Post newspaper. The result shows an analysis of the affixation that used in the Jakarta Post discourses such as: In the nominal suffixes there are 71 words, adjectival suffixes there are 59 words, verbal suffixes there are 5 words, adverbial suffixes 31 words and for the prefixes there are 15 words. The word that attached by the affixes in the discourses dominated by the nominal suffix.
The eighth, research by Mahdalena (2019). Her research was about A Study on Students‟ Ability of English Affixes at the Fourth Semester of English Language Education of FKIP UIR. The design of the research is a descriptive research. Researcher used a test called The Word Part Level Test (WPLT), which consist of three categories, namely in terms of form, meaning and use. The result of data analysis from this study indicate that the percentage of students‟ score ability with excellent level is 27%, good level ability is 53%, fair level ability is 6%, then poor level ability is 7%, and very poor level ability is 7%. So it can be concluded that the ability of fourth semester students in using English affixes is classified as good with a percentage of 53%.
The ninth, research by Tabassam (2021). His research was about Basic Issues of Affixation in English Language. In this regard, qualitative and qualitative methodology is used to collect data from primary school students of Sheikhupura. Data was demonstrated and analyzed with descriptive qualitative method and percentage, linear graphs, and table forms. In the first test, 40% of students were successful and 60% failed, in the second test knowledge and understanding was checked 30% of students were passed 70%
were fail and in 3rd test 50% students were pass and 50% failed. So, the findings of this study manifest that language learners face word formation issues in their very early stage of learning due to the lack of understanding and practice. Poor planning, poor scheme of studies, less attention on basic understanding of morphology and knowledge are the prime factors for poor
learning of the students. Hence students and teachers should use dictionaries, specifically planners; the scheme of studies should full of word formation activities, weekly word-formation competitions should be held to improve vocabulary, spellings, and a basic understanding of words by changing their case and forms.
Finally, the relevant study about the use of authentic text is also coming from Yusuf (2006). She concludes that the use of authentic materials in the classroom is benefiting from the exposure to real language being used in a real context. Other aspects which proved positive when using authentic materials was that they are highly motivating, giving a sense of achievement when understood and encourage further reading. They also reflect the changes in the use of language, there is a wide variety of text types, they are also very versatile (they can be used in different ways to promote different skills) and can be used more than once as well as be updated. Anything can be used as authentic material but for developing reading one of the most useful resources is the Internet, with large amounts of varied material being easily accessible.
One of the main reason for using authentic materials in the classroom is once outside the “safe”, controlled language learning environment, the learner will not encounter the artificial language of the classroom but the real world and language how it is really used. The role of the teacher is not to delude the language learner but to prepare him, giving the awareness and necessary skills so as to understand how the language is actually used.
In this study, the researcher will analyze in the terms of the students‟
affixation mastery in the kinds of affixation; kinds of prefix and suffix, the most dominant kinds that mastered by students, and the students‟ mastery in creating the affixation by taking the base word from the authentic text given to the students namely the newspaper form. Hence, the researcher will conduct the mixed method approach which is the title of the research "The Contribution of Affixation Mastery on Students’ Reading Comprehension of Authentic Texts at English Education Department of FTIK IAIN Padangsidimpuan".