GENERASI F4 DARI SILANG BALIK KETIGA
SEKOLAH PASCASARJANA INSTITUT PERTANIAN BOGOR
BOGOR 2013
5 SIMPULAN
Seleksi resistensi padi populasi BC3F4 terhadap higromisin dengan konsentrasi 50 mg/ml pada media MS0 menunjukkan bahwa lebih dari 90% adalah resisten higromisisn. Analisis molekuler dengan PCR menunjukkan bahwa tanaman yang resisten higromisin mengandung gen hpt. Analisis PCR terhadap tanaman transgenik galur G3, G7, G8, dan G11 yang mempunyai produksi biji tiap rumpun tertinggi untuk setiap galur menunjukkan bahwa seluruh galur mengandung trangenCsNitr1-L di bawah kendali promoter 35S CaMV. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwaCsNitr1-Ldi bawah kendali promoter 35S CaMV diwariskan ke generasi BC3F4.
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Lampiran
Lampiran 1. Ciri-ciri morfologi padi Ciherang.
Nama Varietas : Ciherang
Kelompok : Padi sawah
Nomor Seleksi : S3383-1d-Pn-41—3-1
Asal Persilangan : IR18349-53-1-3-1-3/IR19661-131-3- 1//IR19661131-3-1///IR64////IR64
Golongan : Cere
Umur Tanaman : 116-125
Bentuk Tanaman : Tegak
Tinggi Tanaman : 107-115 cm Anakan Produktif : 14-17 batang
Warna Kaki : Hijau
Warna Batang : Hijau
Warna Daun Telinga : Putih
Warna Daun : Hijau
Muka Daun : Kasar pada sebelah bawah
Posisi Daun : Tegak
Daun Bendera : Tegak
Bentuk Gabah : Panjang ramping
Warna Gabah : Kuning bersih
Kerontokan : Sedang
Kerebahan : Sedang
Tekstur Nasi : Pulen
Kadar Amilosa : 23%
Bobot 1000 Butir : 27-28 kg Rata-rata Produksi : 6,0 ton/Ha Potensi Hasil : 5-8,5 ton/Ha
Ketahanan Terhadap Hama : Tahan terhadap wereng coklat biotipe 2 dan 3
Ketahanan Terhadap Penyakit : Tahan terhadap bakteri hawar daun (HDB) strain III dan IV
Anjuran : Cocok ditanam pada musim hujan dan kemarau dengan ketinggian di bawah 500 mdpl
NAZARUDIN. Analisis Pewarisan GenCsNitr1-L pada Tanaman Padi Ciherang Transgenik Generasi F4 dari Silang Balik Ketiga. Dibimbing oleh SUHARSONO dan SUSTIPRIJATNO.
Upaya peningkatan produksi padi saat ini memiliki berbagai kendala, seperti konversi lahan sawah, perubahan iklim dan penurunan kualitas lahan yang berdampak terhadap penurunan produktivitas. Petani memberikan tambahan pupuk kimiawi untuk meningkatkan produktivitas padi terutama pupuk nitrogen. Kondisi sawah dengan penggenangan untuk menanam padi dapat mengakibatkan hilangnya unsur hara nitrogen karena terlarut, menguap dan mengalami denitrifikasi, sehingga sebagian besar dari jumlah pupuk nitrogen yang diaplikasikan di lahan sawah tidak dapat diserap tanaman secara optimal.
Gen Nitr1-L adalah gen yang menyandikan nitrit transporter yang termasuk dalam kelompok proton-dependen oligopeptide transporter (POT), sehingga penyerapan nitrit oleh tanaman yang mengandung transporter ini menjadi efisien. Gen yang menyandikan protein ini (CsNitr1-L) di bawah kontrol promoter 35S CaMV telah diintroduksikan ke tanaman padi (Oriza sativa L.) subspesies japonica cv. Nipponbare. Untuk mentransfer gen ini, padi transgenik japonica cv. Nipponbare telah disilangkan dengan padi subspesies indica varietas Ciherang, diikuti dengan silang balik dan menyerbuk sendiri sampai generasi BC3F4. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis introgresi genCsNitr1-L di tanaman padi transgenik generasi BC3F4.
Tanaman padi transgenik generasi BC3F4 yang dipilih berdasarkan ketahanan terhadap higromisin. Lebih dari 90% dari populasi BC3F4 adalah tanaman padi transgenik putatif. Tanaman transgenik dikonfirmasi dengan analisis PCR menggunakan primer yang sesuai dengan gen hpt. Produktivitas biji galur transgenik lebih tinggi daripada non-transgenik. Berdasarkan produktivitas tertinggi dari setiap galur transgenik, G3, G7, G8, G11, empat tanaman transgenik dianalisis dengan PCR. Analisis PCR menunjukkan bahwa keempat tanaman transgenik mengandung CsNitr1-L di bawah kendali promoter 35S CaMV. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa transgen CsNitr1-L telah diwariskan kepada generasi BC3F4.
NAZARUDIN. Inheritance CsNitr1-L Gene in Transgenic Rice Plants Ciherang Generation of BC3F4. Under Direction of SUHARSONO and SUSTIPRIJATNO
Efforts to increase rice production today meet some constraints, such as lans use conversion, climate change and degradation of quality of land affecting the productivity. Farmers provide additional chemical fertilizer to increase rice productivity especially nitrogen fertilizer. Field conditions with submarging system for rice plant can result in the loss of nitrogen fertilizer due to dissolve, evaporate and undergo denitrification, so most of the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in rice fields can not be optimally absorbed by plants.
Nitr1-Lgene is a gene that encode nitrites transporter which is included in the group of proton oligopeptide transporter (POT), so the absorption of nitrites by the plants containing this transporter becomes efficient. The gene encoding this protein (CsNitr1-L) under the control of 35S CaMV promoter had been introduced into rice plants (Oriza sativa L.) subspecies Japonica cv. Nipponbare. To transfer this gene, the japonica transgenic rice had been crossed with Indica rice cv. Ciherang, followed by back-cross and self pollination until BC3F4 generation. The aim of this study was to analyse introgression of CsNitr1-L gene in the transgenic rice BC3F4 generation.
The transgenic rice plants in BC3F4 generation were selected based on the resistance to hygromicin. More than 90% population of BC3F4 are putatively transgenic rice plants. These transgenic plants were confirmed by PCR analysis by using primers corresponding tohptgene. The seed productivity of transgenic lines was higher than that of nontransgenic ones. Based on the highest productivity of every transgenic line of G3, G7, G8, G11, four transgenic plants were analysed by PCR. PCR analysis showed that these four transgenic plants contained CsNitr1-L under the control of 35S CaMV promoter. The result indicated that the transgene ofCsNitr1-Lwas introgressed into BC3F4 generation.
Keywords : Nitr1-L gene, transgenic rice, inheritance, nitrite transporter, nitrogen