Simpulan
1 Genotipe berproduktivitas tinggi pada kondisi tanpa gulma tidak selalu menghasilkan hal yang sama pada kondisi bersaing dengan gulma Echinochloa crus-galli.
2 IR10L-155 dan IR10L-133 adalah dua genotipe yang secara konsisten memberikan bobot gabah per rumpun lebih besar dibandingkan genotipe lainnya ketika berkompetisi dengan gulma Echinochloa crus-galli.
3 Jumlah anakan produktif dan jumlah gabah isi per malai dapat digunakan sebagai indikator kemampuan genotipe padi sawah dalam berkompetisi dengan gulma Echinochloa crus-galli.
Saran
1 Untuk melakukan seleksi genotipe padi sawah untuk toleransi terhadap gulma Echinochloa crus-galli di rumah kaca perlu dilakukan eksplorasi terhadap nisbah padi : gulma yang lebih baik.
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2 Perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan untuk memperoleh informasi toleransi genotipe IR10L-155 dan IR10L-133 pada kompetisi dengan populasi alami gulma.
3 Informasi awal jumlah anakan produktif dan jumlah gabah isi per malai dapat dijadikan bahan pertimbangan untuk memperoleh genotipe yang toleran terhadap gulma Echinochloa crus-galli.
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH
Terima kasih disampaikan kepada Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia atas pendanaan penelitian ini (Sk.No. 201.1/Kpts/KP.440/I.1/6/2014 tanggal 17 Juni 2014), staf Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian atas bantuan teknis di rumah kaca.
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LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1 Daftar genotipe padi sawah pada percobaan I di rumah kaca
Kode Genotipe Kode Genotipe
G1 KP1-3-1-2 G14 IR78119-24-1-2-2-2 G2 KP4-42-2-1 G15 IR10L-130 G3 KP4-42-2-3 G16 IR10L-133 G4 KP4-43-1-2 G17 IR10L-152 G5 IR83821-16-2-3-2 G18 IR10L-135 G6 IR83821-99-2-2-2 G19 IR10L-155 G7 IR81493-B-B-B-6-B-2-1-2 G20 IR10L-139 G8 IR82806-98-3-2-2-2-1 G21 BIO-R68 G9 IR83840-90-3-2-1 G22 BIO-R84-1 G10 IR85640-114-2-1-3 G23 BIO-R100 G11 IR84778-53-1-2-2-1 G24 IR 64 G12 IR85627-46-1-2-3 G25 Fatmawati G13 IR80376-12-2-3-3
Lampiran 2 Hasil analisis ragam karakter pengamatan pengaruh perlakuan gulma (P), genotipe (G) dan interaksi G x P di rumah kaca
Karakter Gulma (P) Genotipe (G) P x G KK
Tinggi tanaman 14204.551 ns 626.958 ** 105.898 ** 5.645 Jumlah anakan produktif 2701.125 ** 17.943 ** 6.979 ** 19.402 Umur berbunga 392.000 * 147.878 ** 9.219 ns 3.040 Umur panen 2271.380 ** 71.302 ** 18.161 * 2.669 Panjang malai 352.982 ** 31.760 ** 5.252 ** 5.452 Jumlah gabah total 56068.959 ** 12476.832 ** 213.144 ns 8.635 Jumlah gabah isi per malai 138759.120 ** 4635.559 ** 672.620 ** 8.532 Persen gabah isi per malai 19139.461 ** 330.133 ** 160.260 ** 8.688 Jumlah gabah hampa per malai 18374.445 ** 3121.061 ** 365.435 ** 24.793 Bobot 100 gabah 0.204 * 0.265 ** 0.009 ns 4.577 Bobot gabah per rumpun 14088.993 ** 50.946 ** 34.893 ** 6.040 Bobot kering tajuk per rumpun 328455.125 ** 2267.719 ** 888.182 ** 14.461
Keterangan: ** berpengaruh nyata pada α 0.01, * berpengaruh nyata pada α 0.05, ns tidak berpengaruh nyata pada α 0.05
59 Lampiran 3 Daftar genotipe pada percobaan lapang hasil seleksi percobaan I
Nomor Kode Genotipe
1 G1 IR10L-155 2 G2 IR10L-133 3 G3 KP4-42-2-3 4 G4 KP1-3-1-2 5 G5 IR78119-24-1-2-2-2 6 G6 IR80376-12-2-3-3 7 G7 IR 64 8 G8 Fatmawati
Lampiran 4 Lay out petak tanaman di lapangan
I II III IV P0 P1 P0 P1 P1 P0 P1 P0 G1 G8 G5 G7 G3 G4 G7 G8 G3 G2 G4 G1 G5 G2 G6 G2 G2 G3 G1 G2 G8 G3 G1 G7 G5 G7 G3 G4 G4 G6 G8 G6 G4 G6 G8 G6 G2 G5 G2 G5 G6 G1 G2 G5 G6 G1 G5 G1 G8 G4 G7 G8 G7 G7 G3 G3 G7 G5 G6 G3 G1 G8 G4 G4
Lampiran 5 Hasil sidik ragam karakter agronomi genotipe padi sawah pada persaingan dengan gulma Echinochloa crus-galli di lapangan
Karakter Kuadrat tengah KK
Gulma (P) Genotipe (G) P x G
Tinggi tanaman 150.37 ** 748.68 ** 1.55 ns 3.68 Jumlah anakan produktif 254.40 ** 106.15 ** 10.30 ** 12.82
Umur berbunga 0.02 ns 99.64 ** 3.27 ns 2.70
Umur panen 18.06 ns 107.28 ** 2.42 ns 2.29
Panjang malai 17.54 ns 19.80 ns 18.66 ns 16.07
Jumlah gabah total per malai 790.31 ns 26308.67 ** 386.28 ns 12.13 Jumlah gabah isi per malai 11156.64 ** 2295.67 ** 338.43 ** 6.59 Persen gabah isi per malai 2565.42 ** 826.07 ** 69.11 ns 9.79 Jumlah gabah hampa per malai 30.28 ** 43.92 ** 1.42 ns 15.78
Bobot 1000 gabah 0.42 ns 45.97 ** 1.22 * 2.87
Bobot gabah per rumpun 3232.35 ** 226.74 ** 72.52 ** 10.48
Produktivitas 1.21 * 15.96 ** 3.30 ** 9.82
Keterangan : **= berpengaruh nyata pada taraf α=0.01, *= berpengaruh nyata pada taraf
α=0.05, ns= tidak berpengaruh nyata pada taraf α=0.05. Data jumlah gabah
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RIWAYAT HIDUP
Penulis dilahirkan di Tanjungbatu Barat, Kecamatan Kundur, Kabupaten Kepulauan Riau pada tanggal 3 Pebruari 1972, merupakan putra kedua dari pasangan bapak Solikin dan ibu Kasminah. Penulis menyelesaikan pendidikan di Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri Tanjungbatu pada tahun 1992, pada tahun yang sama melanjutkan ke jenjang S-1 di Universitas Negeri Riau pada Fakultas Pertanian, jurusan Agronomi. Pendidikan di perguruan tinggi ini diselesaikan pada tahun 1997. Setahun kemudian penulis bergabung dengan Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Riau hingga saat ini. Tahun 2012 penulis mendapat kesempatan untuk melanjutkan pendidikan ke jenjang S-2 di Program Studi Pemuliaan dan Bioteknologi Tanaman, Institut Pertanian Bogor, melalui program beasiswa petugas belajar Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia.