CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
A. Research Findings
3. The Implementation of Cycle 2
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Table 7. The Mean Score of Students’ Speaking Skill and Activities of Pre-action and Action Cycle 1
Class Average Score Student Activities
Pre-action Cycle 1 Pre-action (%) Cycle 1 (%)
VII 65,20 72,78 50 69
Besides, based on the speaking skill assessment of class VII on cycle 1, below table was the classification of students’ score based on the criteria (very good, good, satisfactory, poor).
Table 8. The Classification of Students’ Speaking Skill Score in Cycle 1 Score Criteria The Amount of
Student Percentage (%)
80-100 Very Good 2 13,34
66-79 Good 11 73,34
56-65 Satisfactory 2 13.34
40-55 Poor 0 0
2. Revision
The revision was conducted in accordance with the problems and straints found in cycle 1. It was meant to evaluate and find the solution for the problems. The revision was being the reference in planning the next steps and designing the material that would be implemented in the action of cycle 2. Below were some points of revision that need to be carried out:
a. The revision of lesson plan which involved steps of learning and material design.
b. Motivating the students to be more active and participating during learning process.
c. Giving more guidance during learning process.
3. The Implementation of Cycle 2
44 1) Providing more attractive stories.
2) The teacher and the students practiced together in telling stories and playing drama.
3) The teacher guided and facilitated the students during learning process.
45 b. The Action of Cycle 2
The implementation of action cycle 2 was carried out in three meetings. Each meeting would be described as follows.
1. First meeting
The first meeting of cycle 2 was held on Wednesday, 13th October 2021, at 08.00-09.10 a.m. The topic was “Family” and the story was entitled “The Father and Three Sons”.
Opening activities (10 minutes)
1) Teacher greeted the student and conditioned the class.
2) Teacher led the praying.
3) Teacher called the roll.
4) Teacher prepared learning media and material.
5) Teacher asked students a brief about the topic (Who wants to be success and rich?
How are we supposed to spend our wealth?)
6) Teacher explained the competencies and learning objectives and motivated the students to achieve them.
Main activities (45 minutes)
Exploration
7) Students paid attention to teacher’s explanation about the story.
8) Students listened to the story being presented by the teacher.
Elaboration
9) Students answered the questions.
10) Students wrote the elements of the story.
11) Students presented their writings in front of the class.
12) Students were divided into several groups.
13) Teacher guided each group and gave some steps and tips to play drama based on the story.
14) Teacher guided students to play the characters of the story.
15) Each group was given text of the story.
16) Each group did exercise in telling a story before played in front of the class.
Confirmation
17) Each group played a drama in front of the class based on the story.
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18) Other students paid attention to the group performance.
Closing activities (15 minutes)
19) Teacher and students together took conclusion of the material learned.
20) Students expressed their feelings after learning process.
21) Teacher motivated students to keep studying diligently.
22) Teacher closed the class by leading a praying and saying goodbye.
2. Second meeting
The second meeting of cycle 2 was held on Saturday, 16th October 2021, at 08.00-09.10 a.m. The topic was “Bad Deed” and the story was entitled “Rama and The Stripe Tiger”.
Opening activities (10 minutes)
1) Teacher greeted the student and conditioned the class.
2) Teacher led the praying.
3) Teacher called the roll.
4) Teacher prepared learning media and material.
5) Teacher asked students a brief about the topic (Is there any of you doing bad things to your friend? Is arrogance good or bad?)
6) Teacher explained the competencies and learning objectives and motivated the students to achieve them.
Main activities (45 minutes) Exploration
7) Students paid attention to teacher’s explanation about the story.
8) Students listened to the story being presented by the teacher.
Elaboration
9) Students answered the questions.
10) Students wrote the elements of the story.
11) Students presented their writings in front of the class.
12) Students were divided into several groups.
13) Teacher guided each group and gave some steps and tips to play drama based on the story.
14) Teacher guided students to play the characters of the story.
15) Each group was given text of the story.
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16) Each group did exercise in telling a story before played in front of the class.
Confirmation
17) Each group played a drama in front of the class based on the story.
18) Other students paid attention to the group performance.
Closing activities (15 minutes)
19) Teacher and students together took conclusion of the material learned.
20) Students expressed their feelings after learning process.
21) Teacher motivated students to keep studying diligently.
22) Teacher closed the class by leading a praying and saying goodbye.
3. Third meeting
The third meeting of cycle 2 was held on Tuesday, 19th October 2021, at 08.00-09.10 a.m. The topic was “Good Deed” and the story was entitled “Princess Malika and Kendil”.
Opening activities (10 minutes)
1) Teacher greeted the student and conditioned the class.
2) Teacher led the praying.
3) Teacher called the roll.
4) Teacher prepared learning media and material.
5) Teacher asked students a brief about the topic (Is there any of you who have been sacrificing something to the beloved ones? Is sacrifice good deed or bad deed?) 6) Teacher explained the competencies and learning objectives and motivated the
students to achieve them.
Main activities (45 minutes) Exploration
7) Students paid attention to teacher’s explanation about the story.
8) Students listened to the story being presented by the teacher.
Elaboration
9) Students answered the questions.
10) Students wrote the elements of the story.
11) Students presented their writings in front of the class.
12) Students were divided into several groups.
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13) Teacher guided each group and gave some steps and tips to play drama based on the story.
14) Teacher guided students to play the characters of the story.
15) Each group was given text of the story.
16) Each group did exercise in telling a story before played in front of the class.
Confirmation
17) Each group played a drama in front of the class based on the story.
18) Other students paid attention to the group performance.
Closing activities (15 minutes)
19) Teacher and students together took conclusion of the material learned.
20) Students expressed their feelings after learning process.
21) Teacher motivated students to keep studying diligently.
22) Teacher closed the class by leading a praying and saying goodbye.
c. The observation of cycle 2 Teacher activities
The observation result was gained from observing the teacher while doing teaching process by filling the observation sheet which was prepared before the action. The observation was conducted by observing and paying attention to the teacher activities within learning process. All activities were noted according to the indicators occurred.
Based on the observation, it showed that the teacher had implemented the learning steps of teaching speaking using storytelling technique as been planned.
The teacher asked the students about the kind of story they like, and presented the story that would be discussed. Before doing storytelling, the teacher conditioned the students to create a calm athmosphere. The students were given the text of the story which will be learned.
The teacher gave an example about the way to do storytelling by dramatizing the story. Then the teacher did question and answer session. After that, the teacher asked the students to write the elements of the story, and asked some of them to do presentation in front of the class. The class was divided into 3 groups. The teacher asked each group to do storytelling by dramatizing the story, that was, the students in the group played a drama based on the character of the
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story. Before doing performance in front of the class, the teacher guided each group to do exercise in 10 to 15 minutes. The teacher helped the students to prepare the media that required.
Teacher’s activities in cycle 2 were quite different from what he did in cycle 1. Here, the teacher guided and facilitated the students more especially in understanding the character of the story. The teacher and the students were together doing practice in telling stories. The teacher also more invited the students to repeat things they already knew. They also took conclusion of the learning altogether. In overall, the teacher had carried out and organized the class as was expected. In other words, teacher’s activities in cycle 2 were better and showing significant improvement compared to what he did in cycle 1.
Student activities
The obsevation towards the students was conducted during the implementation of action cycle 2 which involved first the meeting, second meeting and the third meeting. The aspects of observation within the three meetings were similar. The researcher observed students’ activities of each meeting started from the opening activities till closing activities. The researcher took notes and filled up the observation sheets that had been prepared. The researcher based the observation on some aspects and indicators which had been determined. In addition, the researcher also used field notes to record the situation and condition of teaching and learning proscess.
The result of observation indicated that the students had already carried out the steps of learning speaking using storytelling technique expectedly. The students read the story selected by the teacher. They paid attention to teacher’s explanation when dramatizing the story. They were asked to write the elements of story and doing presentation in front of the class. The class was divided into 3 groups. The students did exercise among their group to achieve maximum understanding and comprehension about the character of the story and disposition of each character. The students performed in front of the class using some media such as pictures and replica of certain thing to make the story more alive. They performed vigorously and enthusiastically. The others paid attention to their friends’ performance. They also showed courage in asking question. They were
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not hesitate and shy anymore in answering question or in performing in front of the class. The students and the teacher together took conclusion of the learning.
They also expressed their feeling and opinion on the use of storytelling technique in learning speaking. Based on the observation result of cycle 2, the student activities were increased in the amount of 85%. It increased 35% from pre-action condition which was only 50%.
During the action of cycle 2, students’ activities were improved significantly compared to what they carried out in cycle 1. They looked more enthusiastic and showed more spirit in learning. They were courageous in asking question related to the story being discussed. They also spent their time effectively in practising among their groups before doing performance. Last but not least, the students showed seriousness in learning and doing performance wholeheartedly.
Reflection of cycle 2
Based on observation, documentation and field notes of cycle 2, it could be identified that the teacher had implemented the learning steps of teaching speaking using storytelling technique as been planned. The teacher showed and explained the proper way to tell a story. He also guided the students in practicing till they understood and achieved deep comprehension on characterization and other elements of the story.
Besides, the students were more active and focus during learning so that the learning could be carried out maximally. They were courageous in asking question related to the story. They also looked more enthusiastic during learning. They spent their time effectively in doing practice and discussing among their groups. In addition, they paid full attention on teacher’s explanation and on others’ performance in front of the class.
Despite the fact, based on analysis on documentation and assessment sheets of action cycle 2, the researcher found there was a few amount of student that showed less improvement, but was not as much as in cycle 1. The flaws of action cycle 2 were on some points below.
1) There was a little amount of student that still ashamed and less courage in speaking.
2) There was a little amount of student that still spoke haltingly and unclear.
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3) In some circumstances, some students paid less attention to teacher’s explanation and to the others’ performance in front of the class.
Above all, the implementation of storytelling technique in learning speaking during the action of cycle 2 had developed class activities significantly and improved students’ speaking skill, even though there were some flaws still found as described above. It was because speaking was not an easy skill to achieve. Learning speaking needed maximum guidance and continuous practice. In cycle 2, students’
speaking skill was improved more compared to the result in cycle 1. It could be seen from students’ test score in the end of cycle 2 which was higher than students’ score in cycle 1. Students’ mean score in cycle 2 reached 80,58, while it was 72,78 in cycle 1. It also increased in the amount of 15,38 from pre-action condition which was only 65,20. Then, the mean score achieved in cycle 2 met the passing grade determined.
The table below showed the result of action cycle 2.
Table 9. The Mean Score of Students’ Speaking Skill and Activities of Pre-action, Action Cycle 1 and Action Cycle 2
Class
Mean Score Student Activities
Pre-action Cycle 1 Cycle 2 Pre-action (%)
Cycle 1 (%)
Cycle 2 (%)
VII 65,20 72,78 80,58 50 69 85
Besides, based on speaking skill assessment of class VII on cycle 2, below table was the classification of students’ score based on the criteria (very good, good, satisfactory, poor).
Table 10. The Classification of Students’ Speaking Skill Score in Cycle 2 Score Criteria The Amount of
Student Percentage (%)
80-100 Very Good 11 73,34
66-79 Good 4 26,67
56-65 Satisfactory 0 0
40-55 Poor 0 0
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In addition, below table was the students’ achievement of learning speaking in pre-action, cycle 1 and cycle 2.
Table 11. The Students’ Achievement of Learning Speaking in Pre-action, Cycle 1 and Cycle 2
No Student Name
Mean Score
Remark
Pre-action Cycle 1 Cycle 2
1 AM 64 76 84 Passed
2 AP 43 58 72 Not passed
3 BNR 62 73 83,67 Passed
4 BNRS 64 73,33 82,67 Passed
5 GRR 75 78 82 Passed
6 JH 76 80 84 Passed
7 LF 62 70,33 81,67 Passed
8 NA 63 70 79,67 Passed
9 NS 75 76,67 81,33 Passed
10 NvS 63 70,33 78,33 Passed
11 RM 73 77 81,67 Passed
12 RA 43 58,33 70 Not passed
13 RS 73 80 85,67 Passed
14 YH 75 76,33 81 Passed
15 ZZ 67 74,33 81 Passed
Total 978 1091,65 1208,68 Mean Score 65, 20 72,78 80,58
Based on the table above, it could be identified that the mean score of students’ speaking skill in pre-action was in the amount of 65,20 which was not meet the passing grade determined. Next, the storytelling technique in learning speaking implemented in cycle 1 and students’ mean score obtained was 72,78. Although it increased in the amount of 7,58 compared to pre-action mean score, but was still below the passing grade which was 75. In cycle 2, the mean score achieved was 80,58 and passed the grade. Furthermore, there were 13 students (86,67%) who
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passed the passing grade, while the other 2 students (13,34%) failed. This achievement met the successful criteria of the present research since more than 85%
of the students passed the passing grade. Then, the implementation of storytelling technique in improving students’ speaking skill at the seventh grade of MTs Tsullamul Ma’ad Al-Ma’arif Penujak was declared successful.