The Chinese are proud of a civilization which is second to none. One of the most remarkable features of this civilization is that it has been carried in the one language by the one people over a period of some 4,000 years. We have a wealth of literature in many fields 'which' covers the last two and a half millennia of this period as well as inscriptions on bronzes and oracle bones which go back much further. A knowledge of written Chinese will put within one's reach what is probably the largest corpus of literature known to us in any one language. .
But it is necessary to distinguish three main forms of written Chinese: classical, mediaeval and modern. Classical Chinese has a structure and vocabulary broadly based on the written language of the 5th Century B.C. Mediaeval and modern Chinese, on the other hand, are based on the spoken language current at the time at which the texts were written. There are, therefore, fundamental and strongly marked differences of structure, style and vocabulary between the three forms.
Modem Chinese may be dated from the beginning of this century, whilst mediaeval Chinese may be said to have its early beginnings in the 6th century A.D.
and to have produced its first major creative works, the plays of the Yuan period, in the 13th century. The terms "modern" and "mediaeval" are, therefore, used in a rather special sense dictated by the nature and structure of the written material.
Classical Chinese continued to be written throughout these periods and is still being written today.
As a spoken language, Standard Chinese—or as it is often called, Mandarin,
or
Кцоуii or Putunghua—is now spoken and understood throughout China and in most of the overseas Chinese communities in the various countries of South-East Asia. It is, therefore, a satisfactory medium of communication with the majority of the 700,000,000 of Australia's Chinese neighbours-rather more than one-fifth of the world's total population. Standard Chinese is based on the Peking dialect and the pronunciation taught will be that of Peking.The rapid emergence in the latter half of this century of China as a great world power has added considerable urgency to Western studies of Chinese and of Chinese civilization. From their early beginnings as a peripheral and esoteric pastime, these studies have now developed into an increasingly normal and central pursuit at most ` of the major universities in the West. Australia's geographical position makes such a development particularly desirable and important.
As a result of this development, some opportunities now exist for careers in the academic world as well as in government and business for graduates in this field. A knowledge of Chinese either of major or sub-major standard coupled with suitable qualifications in such fields as History, Political Science or Economics is particularly useful in this respect.
ORDINARY DEGREE
( Details for the honours degree are set out
at the end of this section.)
Group1
31. CHINESE PART I
A course of 6 hours per week consisting of 4 lectures and 2 tutorials.
No previous knowledge of Chinese is necessary for this course and its main emphasis will be linguistic. Students will receive a thorough grounding in Standard
151
FACULTY OF ARТS HANDBOOK
Chinese in its spoken and written form. There will also be some introductory lectures on Chinese poetry. Candidates who intend to proceed to Chinese II must also take East Asian Studies I (cf. p. 155) since a pass in this subject is a pre-requisite for Chinese II.
Holders of the G.C.E. in Chinese and graduates of Chinese middle schools or similar or higher institutions, where the language of instruction is Chinese, are exempted from Chinese I. Such candidates will take East Asian Studies or Japanese I and Chinese II and III as a major for the ordinary degree. They may take Chinese II as an additional subject in group 1 of the ordinary degree.
Similar exemption may also be given at the discretion of the head of the department to other candidates who have recognized professional qualifications in Chinese.
SYLLABUS
Phonetics and syntax of the Peking dialect.
Translation from and into Standard Chinese.
Dictation, calligraphy and conversation.
Introduction to Chinese poetry.
BOOKS
(a) Prescribed texts:
Chao, Y. R.—Mandarin Primer. Vol. 1. (Harvard U.P.) Simon, W.—Structure Drill in Chinese. ( Lund Humphries.)
Kotewall, Robert and Smith, Norman L., (trans.)—The Penguin Book of Chinese Verse. (Penguin, 1962.)
(b) Prescribed dictionary:
Simon, W.—Beginners' Chinese Dictionary. ( Lund Humphries.) ( c) Recommended for reference:
Wang, Fang-Yu—The Lady in the Painting. ( Far Eastern Publications, Yale University, 1957.)
Lee, Pao-Chen—Read about China. ( The Institute of Far Eastern Languages, Yale University, 1957.)
Simon, W., National Language Reader. ( Lund Humphries.)
The department will issue a supplementary reading list as well as additional, teaching material in the form of mimeographed sheets.
EXAMINATION
One 3-hour paper of translation from Chinese (unseen). One 3-hour paper of translation into Chinese ( unseen) together with questions on Chinese grammar and Chinese poetry. An oral examination.
32. CHINESE PART II
A course of б hours per week consisting of 4 lectures and 2 tutorials.
Before being allowed to proceed to Chinese II, students must have obtained a pass in Chinese I and in East Asian Studies I. In exceptional circumstances, permis- siоп may be granted by the head of the department to proceed to Chinese II and
East Asian Studies I simultaneously. Candidates who are exempt from Chinese I must satisfy the head of the department that they have a satisfactory command of Standard Chinese.
The emphasis of courses in Chinese II will be divided between language and the study of modern Chinese literature. Classical Chinese will also be introduced at this stage. The medieval novel will be studied both in the original and in translation.
SYLLABUS
Prescribed texts from Modern Chinese Literature.
The Chinese novel.
Translation from and into Modern Chinese.
Conversation and oral practice.
Classical Chinese.
BOOKS
(a) Prescribed texts:
Liu, C. Y.—Fifty Chinese Stories. (Lund Humphries, 1960.) Ba J—Jia. (Chap. 15.)
Luu Shiunn—Guhshiвng.
Iwu Shyh—Shin
ISychaur Yunndonq.
Mau Tzerdon —Tzay Yanan Wenyih Tzuohtarnhuey-shangde Jeanghuah.
Buck, Pearl
—
(trans.)All Men are Brothers. ( Grove
Press Inc., N.Y. )Wang, Chichen (trans.
)—Dream of the Red Chamber.
(Twayne Publications) N.Y.)(b) Prescribed Dictionaries:
Mathews, R. Н: Chineśe-English
Dictionary.
(Any ed.)Tzongher Inghwa Hwaing Dah Tsyrdean.
(Any ed.) (c) Recommended for reference:Lo, Кuan-Chung—Romance of the Three Kingdoms. (Trans. C. H. Brewitt- Taylor. (Tuttle, Rutland, 1959.)
Liu, Tieh-Yiin-Thе
Travels of Lao Ts'an.
(Trans. Harold Shadick.) (Cornell U.P., 1952. )(Prescribed and other Chinese texts, together with a supplementary reading list may be obtained from the department.)
EXAMINATION
One 3-hour paper on translation from and into Chinese (unseen). One 3-hour paper on prescribed texts together with questions on the Chinese novel. An oral examination.
34. CHINESE PART
III
A course of B hours per week consisting of lectures and tutorials.
The division of emphasis between language and literature will be the same as in Chinese II. The study of classical Chinese will be continued. Sung and Yuan poetry will be studied in the original.
SYLLABUS
Prescribed texts from Modem and Medieval Chinese literature.
Chinese poetry.
Translation from and into Chinese.
Classical Chinese.
Advanced oral work.
Chinese Bibliography.
BOOКS
( a) Prescribed texts:
Mau ' Duenn—Chuentsarn.
Luu Shiunп—Fann Ay-nonq.
Lao
Sheh—Renwuhde Miaushiee.
Liou Dah-Jye—Jonggwo
Wenshyuв Fajaanshyy.
Mencius,
Book VI, Part I.( b ) Prescribed Dictionaries:
Тsyr Нае. (Jonghwa Book Company. )
Tzongher Inghwa Hwaing Dah Tstjrdean. ( Any
ed. ) Mathews, R.H.—Chinese-English Dictionary.
(Any ed.) (c) Recommended for reference: .Teng, S. Y, and Biggerstaff, k. —An
Annotated Bibliography of Selected Chinese Reference Works. (Harvard,
1950.)EXAMINATION
One 3-hour paper on prescribed texts. One 3-hour paper on unseen translation from Modem and Classical Chinese. One 3-hour paper on translation into Chinese together with questions on Chinese literature. An oral examination.
Lectures, Tutorials and Examinations.
Attendance at all lectures and tutorials is compulsory and class work and essays will be taken into consideration in the grading of examination results. .HONOURS DEGREE Q. SCHOOL OF CHINESE
1. A candidate in the school of Chinese will take Chinese parts I, II, III and IV together with East Asian Studies I and three additional subjects to be approved
153
FACULTY OF ARTS HANDBOOK
by the head of the department. One of these additional subjects should be English I
or
the first part of a sub-major in a subject to be approved by the head of the department. Candidates will be encouraged to proceed to a major in an approved subject.2. In their First Year, candidates will, therefore, take Chinese part I, East Asian Studies I and either English I or the first part of a sub-major or major in an approved subject.
Admission to the higher years of the course is conditional upon a satisfactory performance in the First Year, and students must be approved by the faculty of Arts as candidates for the degree with honours before entering the Second Year of the honours school. The professor of Oriental Studies will normally recommend such approval for candidates who have gained at least second class honours in Chinese part I. Other candidates who wish to continue in the honours school must interview the professor of Oriental Studies, who will be guided in his recommendation by the merits of the case.
A student who has completed the First Year of the course for the ordinary degree and has passed in Chinese I and East Asian Studies I may, with the permission of faculty, enter the honours school. Such a student must make special application to the faculty through the sub-dean. If permission is granted, the faculty will prescribe what further work must be completed before the student is allowed to proceed to the final examination.
З. In the Second Year, candidates will take Chinese part II together with an additional subject or the second part of the approved sub-major or major.
4. In the Third Year, candidates will take Chinese part III together with an additional subject or the third part of the approved major.
5. In the Fourth Year, candidates will take Chinese part IV.
Some variations in this course may be available in 1967.
31. CHINESE PART I (Ions)
A course of 7 hours per week of 4 lectures and $ tutorials.SYLLABUS
As
for the ordinary
degree, together with a course on linguistic theory and Chinese grammar.BOOKS
As for the ordinary degree, together with the following recommended textbooks:
Forrest, R. A. D.—The Chinese Language.
or Karlgren, B.—The Chinese Language. (Ronald Press, 1949.)
Hockett, C. F: A Course in Modern Linguistics. (Macmillan, 1958.) Jones, D.—The Phoneme. (Hefter, 1950.)
EXAMINATION
As for the ordinary degree, with special questions on Chinese Grammar and Poetry.
32. CHINESE PART II (Ions )
A course of 9 hours per week of lectures and tutorials.SYLLABUS
As for the ordinary degree, together with a course of 3 hours per week of lec- tures and tutorials on prescribed texts in medieval Chinese.
BOOKS
As for the ordinary degree together with the following prescribed texts:
Shoeihuujuann. (120 chapter
ed.)
Irwin, R. G. Evolution of the Chinese Novel. (Harvard, 1953.) Hightower, J. R.—Topics in Chinese Literature. (Harvard, 1953.
Prescribed and other Chinese texts as well as a supplementary reading list may be obtained from the department.
EXAMINATION
As for the ordinary degree together with one paper on the prescribed texts.
34. CHINESE PART III
(Ions)A course of 9 hours per week of lectures and tutorials.
SYLLABUS
As for the ordinary degree, together with a course of З hours per week of lec- tures and tutorials on prescribed tests in medieval Chinese.
classical literature.
BOOKS
As for the ordinary degree together with the following prescribed texts:
'Shoeihuиjuann (120 chapter ed.) Tsaur sheuechyn—Horngk,umenq.
Chinese texts as well as a supplementary reading list may be obtained from the department.
EXAMINATION
Three papers as prescribed for the ordinary degree together with a fourth paper on prescribed texts in medieval Chinese and an oral examination.
35. CHINESE PART IV
A course of б hours per week of lectures and tutorials.
SYLLABUS
Advanced language study of modern and classical Chinese. Advanced study of modern and medieval Chinese literature. A project on a modern Chinese author, in- volving translation and a short thesis.
BOOKS
Prescribed texts:
Tsaur Sheuechyn—Horngioumenq.
Maa Jyhyeuan-Hanngong Chiou.
Sy-Maa Chian—Shyy Jih. Book 7. .
(Prescribed and other Chinese texts together with supplementary teaching material on mimeographed sheets may be obtained from the department. ) EXAMINATION
One 3-hour paper of translation from modern and classical Chinese (unseen).
One 3-hour paper of translation into Chinese ( unseen) and an essay. One 3-hour paper on the prescribed texts.