Nuclear medicine is one of the fastest growing areas of modern medicine (more than 10% annually). One of the big opportunities we've seen for some time - started by Len and the executive committee in 2 0 0 2 - is the appointment of Dr. Arlie McQueen as our CEO. The same applies to many private companies and many of the world's leading development and investment banks.
The hydrogen economy is coming Many of us will live to see the end of the. Anyone who has visited any one of a number of the new megacities can fully understand the challenge. CASANZ has already taken significant initiatives in this regard with the development of the recent report on indoor air quality.
COMPANY AND INDUSTRY NEWS
The Yambuk wind farm consists of 20 wind energy generators and will also be part of the framework agreement. Ministers discussed the national response and processes that will be undertaken in the event of a threat to the security of the energy operations, including installations and supplies. MCE's role in greenhouse issues In recognition of the importance of greenhouse issues in the formulation of future national energy policy and programs undertaken by the Council, a standing agenda item for future Council meetings has been drawn up on the MCE's role in respect of the development of national greenhouse policies and measures.
Details of the meeting were expected to be announced on 18 January 2003 and it is expected that the Council will be a contributor to the Review. Further development and updating of the Atlas in consultation with users is envisaged to include data and other relevant bioenergy industry information for different regions across Australia. Carbon dioxide is emitted when biomass is burned or energy is extracted in other ways, but the regeneration of biomass.
CLEANUP OF BHOPAL TOXIC WASTE Delhi, November 25, 2002: Police arrest 56 volunteers. including survivors of the 1984 Union Carbide gas disaster and Greenpeace activists from 14 countries, to prevent them from cleaning up toxic waste in Bhopal. The volunteers, including several Australians, tried to safely contain some of the hundreds of tons of toxic chemicals left in Bhopal by the American multinational. Source: Grecnoeace Ajstralia Pacific Tel Fax SYNCHROTRON LIGHT ASSISTS ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH From fighting disease and pollution to tackling global warming, an Australian synchrotron light will provide environmental science with a new set of research tools of unprecedented power, says Dr Mark Rivers, a fellow -director of the University of Chicago's Center for Advanced Radiation Sources at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory near Chicago.
Leading fund managers and NGOs met in Sydney for the main debate, the findings of the report on the fund of around 25 bus lenders. If we don't change policies and priorities, in 20 years, there won't be enough water for growing cities, households, the environment or food," warned Dr Mark Rose'grant, lead author of the report and senior researcher at IFPRI. continue to take it for granted, most of the earth will be short of water or food - or both.'.
Last October, a team of Australian volunteers left Australia to be hosted by the California Conservation Corps (CCC), as part of the California #2 Experience, based at CCC centers in central and southern California.
INTEGRATING NEPHELOMETER CALIBRATION
Calibration of the Radiance Research M903 Integrating Nephelometer using
M. Mitchell and J.L Gras
The data shown in Figure 1 were used to generate means and standard deviations of the scattering coefficient for each gas. Because of the extended washout time of HFC-227ea mentioned earlier, the period over which the HFC-227ea response was determined was varied according to the position of the nepheloorter in the chain. After data reduction as described above, the ratio of diffusion coefficients for HFC-227ea and HCFC-22 at identical temperature and pressure was calculated.
The uncertainty in the ratio p at the 95% confidence level is twice the stand-rJ uncertainty of the mean or 0.040. It is recommended that the result reported here replaces that in Standards Australia (2001), as the latter is undocumented and has no uncertainty estimate. An aerosol with a scattering coefficient equal to HFC-227ea prevailing through a 1 km deep boundary layer would result in a column optical depth of 0.2 at 530 nm, typical of moderate urban pollution, and well above levels found in pristine rural environments occur.
This makes HFC-227ea an excellent space gas for nephelometer ca'ibratlcn in a wide range of atmospheric conditions. For this reason, it is likely that the dispersive use of HFC-22 7ea will be limited in the future and steps for recovery and recycling will have to accompany its use. With this in mind, it would be prudent to investigate the use of alternative compounds that do not deplete ozone and have lower GWP.
Experimental determination of scattering coefficients will be necessary to assess the potential of such compounds as nepnelometer reference gases. Details of the nomenclature of the gases discussed in this article are given in Table 3.
THE LOW VOC HOUSE- PART 1
The Low VOC House - Part 1
How successfully can the theory be put into practice?
Mesaros
For example, test houses built (Gilbert et al. . . 2002) focus on "source modification" and use low-polluting products, such as low-allergy carpers and low-VOC emission paint. Overall, all elements related to the construction of the low VOC house were taken into account, including site planning, overall architectural design (i.e. opening windows), ventilation and climate control, material selection and the construction process itself. As a result, many of the methods discussed were obtained from 'old fashioned' technology used by previous generations in construction and maintenance.
Many VOCs enter the home through external sources. Therefore, the choice of location was of primary importance in the construction of this house. Prior to the purchase, a historical investigation of the site was undertaken to determine its use. The house was therefore built on a bare five-acre site on a hilltop, in an area far removed from many of the usual urban and suburban activities.
Extensive use was made of large casement windows to encourage as much natural sunlight and ventilation as possible into the house. Large casement windows were placed on either side of the house, in line with the wind direction, to obtain maximum protection and maximum dilution of pollutants (particularly VOCs). As shown in Figure 1, only materials known to be chemically inert or have good outgassing properties were used in the construction of the low-VOC house.
Overall, the house is of double brick construction (shown internally) and has Tasmanian timber floors, Tasmanian hardwood roof supports and a tiled roof. This can be seen in Table 4, which illustrates the types of cladding that are suitable and unsuitable for use in a low VOC home.
THE LOW VOC HOUSE - PART 1
When renovating an average home, there are many examples of design features (particularly the extensive use of synthetic furnishings) that have the potential to off-gas volatile organic compounds in indoor air. In general, it is difficult to choose between more sustainable building materials (e.g. untreated hardwood) and conventional products, e.g. wood. regular chipboard containing formaldehyde resin and medium density fibreboard) due to several factors. The pressure to use commercial products is high given the extent to which products are marketed, the general lack of awareness among individuals about the chemical properties of products and because of the costs associated with using alternatives.
An example of this is the chipboard device, which is known to emit formaldehyde gas but is often used regardless. During the construction and arrangement of a low VOC house, hard and soft: furnishings were also chosen with their p r o p e r t i o n in mind (Table 5). There is widespread use of giass, stone and bronze, all of which are chemically inert (Brown 2001).
All soft furnishings used in the home are made of untreated cotton (including mattresses and rugs), linen or silk. Dark colored materials were avoided to further reduce the introduction of VOCs (i.e. 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene commonly used in paints). When you review articles on healthy home design, there is almost no mention of ongoing home maintenance.
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AIR POLLUTION RELATED HEALTH IMPACTS
Economic Costs of Air Pollution Related
Health Impacts - an Impact Assessment Project of Austria, France and Switzerland
Overall, these studies provide strong evidence for a variety of acute short- and long-term effects of air pollution on health. Based on this information, the number of additional cases attributable to air pollution had to be assessed for each exposure level. But there are currently no epidemiological studies available that measure the effects below an annual average concentration of PM10 of 5 µg/m3.
It should be noted that while the exposure-response function has the same gradient for each country, the base frequency (which is the number of cases at the lowest measured exposure) varies from country to country due to socio-demographic differences in populations. Second, the selected health outcomes must describe health endpoints to which treatment and treatment costs are attributed (eg, asthma). For example, lung function decline is a health indicator with a strong correlation or exposure response function to air pollution.
Many effects for which exposure-response functions exist were not included, such as acute effects on mortality, emergency room visits, respiratory symptoms, infant mortality, etc. Either these health outcomes are partially included in the selected categories (SUCH as emergency room visits resulting in hospital admission) or no specific treatment has been identified for them (such as a decrease in lung function) or insufficient epidemiologic evidence is currently available ( infant mortality). As there was no opportunity to conduct a primary epidemiological assessment specifically for this project, this procedure was considered more reliable rather than relying on only one study at a time.
The relative risk of these effects is assessed by cohort studies that follow large numbers of people over many years. In contrast, the effect of short-term variation in air pollution exposure on daily mortality is measured in time-series studies and shows a lower relative risk level. In this study, the health outcome of long-term mortality was chosen, because the effects of air pollution have two dimensions in time.
First, for some people, the level of pollution on a given day or week can be a trigger.
