An investigation of some correlates of mature moral judgement : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Education at Massey University

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Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for

a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and

private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere without

the permission of the Author.

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AN 1NVESTl6'TICII OF SOME C<ERBLATBS

A t h eta P•••ented in p •ttal fulfilment of the r ^qu^tFe nt fo~ th de reo of st r of A~te ln Education at

David _0•1•

1 '14

•••Y

^U^{niv rai~y}^.

hall,

(3)

C Coptt,ve

Development Teat

D aaple• of &11 other teats u» d

Pt&!

l l. v1. Vil.

••

20.

34.

,o .

67.

107.

114.

(4)

,, .

A

batr ot

From Kohlber •s cognltive d velopmental perspective,

moral

Juda

meat ha• been viewed as n sp ct ot ego develop

ent

which is rel ted to other aepoots of •go develop• nt. The

purpoae of thl• r aearoh

w

a to

inveatlaate

aom pos 1ble oorrelat of mature aor l

Juda•••t:t

althou h eo ere• rch b d been conducted •1th children pr ctlc 111 no rese rch lnto oorrelat•• in adult population• has

been

reported.

A aampl of 60 • l e an 32 te111al first y ar te chers•

ooll ge \tolunteer aubJ ot• • as used. Ot these, a random ub aple of 10 males w • uaed t o t t th con runt valldlty ot th written qu etloanaire form of 4 of Kohlb rs•a (1968)

oral dilemma situations d vi d for thl r s arch, with the origin l latentew t cbnique. Using design oounterbal nod fo•

ord•• of

pr•••nta\loa

with o

week

roteat laterv 1 the

dltferenoe b tween th easuring devicea waa to d to be non•

algnlficaat

<t =

•0.13, P>•55).

Th• r aal las subject ••• randoaly ••lsned to on• of

t o

t•stin orde~a • o aal•• aad 16

f••

^le•^{to• ch} ^gr^up^.

I t

h

r • t••''

^g

••••tone

^at^3•4

da J

^iatettale

th

^aroupa

•••• adalal

t

••d th•s

K ohlbera

oral

Jucls• at

S le (written ton>, Study o, Ethio 1

A t,stud••• c . P. l .,

P.

O.J.,

•~4,

of V

lu•••

E . P. l., ca11to

l a • eat 111 Hill Vo abularr

The

or4el'

ot pr•••atati a • a•

CNAa ••I'• p •rton• on the da

ou terb 1 a •

lo hat f01" 8 X

..

(5)

111.

order etteota.

In

the ajortty of c a s no st;ntftoant effects w r found and eo the d ta •a combined to provide sample n of

1a .

On scales on which •lanlflo nt d1fteronce were found ep rat analyals of the subgroups waa perfor d.

A

m

asure of Ptaget1an co

nit1ve

level wa obtained 2 ontba 1 ter by lndivldual testina.

Analyst• of the Kohlbers ac le

a,evealed

hlgb level ot at

a•

mixture: oaly &.6 perc nt of •ubJeota had a

rans•

a low a s , ata1••• Evideno w • put forward tb t 1Dd1 t• that hi levola of atage atxtun bave alao been fou y the I"• and th

oonfllot between thia findlna and Koblber•' • t •ory waa dlacua ed. A taotor 11a&• of ~he lt••

aoo•••

^rev• ^led

e

f ctors wtth etg n value• ••ator than one.

Five

of th•••

could be interpreted • ninctully ln teru of Kohlbera•s th ory but the second factor was d1ft1cult to interprota it aeem d b caua of 1ta correlation with other a• •ur a •ob cone rned witb general

••••1tlvlty

to ethical l•••••

The

f oto•• were identified as, f ctor 1 (conflict

between

obedience to the law and the valu• ot hu n life), factor 3 (dutJ va contr ctu l obliaatio

>,

fa tor 4

(ap trtt

of the law>, f to~ 6

(propertr

rights>

and

faotor e (power rtabt• ••

aoral rtshta).

Coat•ary o

Kohl

era•• tlndt

but l line wit a nua •• t t ••

• udS•• o major moral 3 d p . . t

f a t • •

r1ed.

Correl tton

etween • ral . . , t

r•• a

penon

l l , • sun•

wer•

lar••lr no ••ta tfloaat

^. ^A

tsoa

of • .30

< <• 0 > o firu the

.

aatt•e

h I'

rrela•

etween

't

• e t •• • r•• ••P rte by Kol••• (1 e•>• Th•

c l'l'•latioa of

. s,

(p(.O

>

i • StudJ

r

^{Val ••}

.,.1,

^{io •}

(6)

&v.

scale for th•• le aubeample ••• ln t • opposite dlreo,10 to th t repoJJted by Kllac • t al (19 4). The only othel'

tg 1ftoant orrelatlon was tba, of .34 (p(.06) with Pi getlan alailai- correlatt.on ln the ••1•• w • ttrlbu,ed to the high level of

ale re•pons • •••ultlng in little varl bllitJ over the orf.ttc 1 ranee.

Reanalyate lavolvtng oor~e1 tio • between Kohlbers

•• 1• f .9tor acol' • and th oth•• persono101ic 1 scales

thoee loul ted r ached the

. oe

lev 1 or higher. 4 of thes oorrelatlona were with th• tlrat ta tor<confllct b tween

ob dience to the law nd the value of hu n llf

>, and••

med to show that conventional lev l Juda uts related to the ace pt nee of convention 1 Cbrlatinn attltUCSoa toward life

and work nd to au,horttarian tend no&•••

R nalJ•i• of the dat, fro• au aaapl•• l which lear••

personological differences ould be ••P• t d, was conducted.

turltv acoree were in the extreme quartllea w ~• calcul

t

for those

C, P .I .

ad

P. O . I .

Ju

a•

ho o eneo •

• plea the

C

ltf _.nla11

peoted to be ae I loaelJ rel

ted

... ,

. . . 1

Cl •• '

al

J

sea-• t r f&l•• • I

^ot

ft••• autt.

)' ala 111 -aat ••• 1 1l a•••••

wit

tlut

• • eo, <.o ,. = 1,, r ., - • • at ,

(7)

v.

p~.05, n

=

⁴⁾^. ^2•w ^y ^ANO/A of th eff ct ot apathy nd

11,0110 f on oral turltf • vealed no el o1floant fteot . I\ f otor annJ.ysl of all sea.lea tnclucUn moral tu.-ltJ • but xeludina the lpaattve Study ot V lues seal a, t•act d 10 tactol'a with el en val•s ciraater tba.n Tho etahth factor h d loadln of - .~o on oral tur1ty and was ole ly

Kohlberg sc le factor.

C nonlcal corr l tlon b tween Kohlber scale it acorea Ad t •other• ales rev• led 10 slanifioant oorre1at1ona, the t1r t of which• a a o nonlo 1 cowrelatlon of , ?,

lnapectlon of the DO allaed ••ilht• •how•d that meaningful interpretation of thee 1111 r ooablnatioDs within xiatt.n1 th or tic 1 and coacep,u 1 fr e .orke wa not posslbl •

A consld rable nuab r of vnrlnbl s w re ••a•ur d and lnton ive analyai of r sult cond~ct 4 but the only variable th • found to oon lat ntly rel te t oral a tur1,1 waa autboa,it rl Ill••• Evid nc obtai d fi-oa thl• sa pl• polnt•cl

to th• posslblllty th t a posttiv orw lation b twe n moral tu•&t1 aad osnitive developmnt 1 b fou ln a mplee ore repr••• ~ative of ult Yaria Slity o la dla• eio .

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Yi.

ra:1:ace

an4

Acttaa1e411ea1s1

Although the re rch reported ln this th •l• wae bas don Kohlberg•s theory of oral judgement, my inltlal interest la tho cognitive d velopa tal fteld and 1n th

pplicatton of cognitlY developa ntal pproaoh to th•

developaent of oral Jud nent, wae roused by Pia t •a brilliant la lcbta into the developl ohlld.

Aokn wled ment ls ue to Dr. R

.c .

Stew rt who aupervl• d th• r a rch and read the draft oopJ of thie theale nd to Dr. C.R. Bo•w•ll ho •xp nded the canonic corr lation progra~me whioh was ueed to analyse the experiment 1 d ta.

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Vil•

1. Nuaber ot chlldron tor whoa ach oral ataae is aodal.

3.

5. 6.

2•way ANCNA, Mill Hill Vocabulary Scale. 2-way ANCNA, Californian F-te t .

2-w y ANOVA, E1eenok Perso lltJ laventory.

a-way ANO/A, Studr of Yalu•••

2-way ANCNA, Per•o 1 Orl•a•ation Inventory.

1, .

68. 58. 69. 60. 01.

7. 2-w y .t\.NO/A, California Paycholoalc 1 Inv ntor7.

ea .

•

10. 11.

1.2.

a-way AN<NA, Hos a nd Dlokatein oalea.

2-way ANOVA, Koblber Scale.

Ran• of Moral Jud eaent Stace txture. Distribution of r l JUdg aeats.

DistrlbUtlon of or 1 Judgeaeate in Kraaer•

Sample.

64 • 64.

67.

ee . ee .

13. Kohlbers So le, Oblique P7l

r,

Faotor Loadinae.

?a .

14. Correlation• between S udy of Value• S 1•• ad

11.

1 •

Moral

Correlattou betweeo C.P.l. Soa1•• ad

. ,u .. ,,, .

Correl tiona between

P.O.l .

So lea and

llatua,t,, .

ral

o .

• •

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Y111.

Tabl•• cc 00,iav•4>

17. Correlation• between E.P.l . Seal•• and Moral Maturity.

18. t•test ooapariaone between •ubject• of lat and 4th moral maturity quartiles, on aoae

personality aoal••·

19. Correlations between Kohlbera factor ecorea and Intellectual Meaaur•••

20. Correlations between Kohlbera factor •core•

and Study of Value• Sealea.

21. Correlation• between Kohlbera factor •cores

and

C. P. I.

Seal•••

22. Correlation• between Kohlbers factor score• and

P.O.l. Scalee.

23. Correlation• between Kohlb•rs factor aoor•• and,

E.P.l. acnle• and F-teat acorea.

2,. Oblique Primary Factor Loadlna• of the taotor analyala of all data excludins Study of Value•

Scale•.

20. Correlation• between acale• tor two aet• of aubject•

with hoaoseneoua reaponaea to Kohlberc it••• and all other Yarlabl•••

ae .

2-way ANO/A ot Moral Maturity Score• of aubJecta with different ooabtnationa of autonoay and eapathJ.

84.

86.

87.

88.

as .

. ...

•• •

10a.

(11)

, ..

]Abl11 cc2 ,,,a,a>

27.

28. Nor11alized weights of linear ooabla tione for canonical oorrelationa.

p

10,.

10s.

(12)

2.

3.

...

s .

e .

. ..

F

Us of the six t~pea of mor l judgement.

Exper1 ental d

ssan

for~ et1ng equlvalenoe of the Koblberg 1ntervi w nd w:rltten questloonnire.

Experlm t l Deal10.

Deal tor 2-t ctor 1 yo t •

Scatter raa of r l MatU&"lty and P.0.1. Ianer•Dir ct d Soore.

10. 46.

53.

,,.

3.

D sign for 2•way ANOV of tteote on moral maturity.

po thy nd autonomy 101.