Climate Change & Adaptation
7. Conclusion
This study identified the major canals in Polder 31 and their dimensions (length, width and depth) from satellite and field visits. This study found that, if the major canals are re- excavated by 1.2 m then they will act as a potential source for dry season crop production.
The available irrigation water after canal re-excavation can be utilized in various ways for different kinds of dry season crops, which are likely to benefit the farmers. The amount of profit may vary depending on the cultivated crop types. This study also found that, if the available water in the re-excavated canals are used equally in sunflower and sesame cultivation, then the best utilization can be achieved in terms of land use and profit. It has been found that, irrigation coverage for up to 100% of the net cultivable land is possible under some combination of crop cultivation, whereas less than 10% of the net cultivable land is under dry season irrigation at present. Water utilization for rice cultivation combined with other crops has also been investigated in this study as for the food consumption of local people, rice cultivation is of paramount importance. Success of the canal re-excavation work largely depend on the proper management of the re-excavated canals. The increased irrigation facility will result in an increased crop production, which
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Title: Variation of Morphological Characteristics with Varying Hydraulic Regime for the Estuaries of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Megha Delta
Md. Wasif-E-Elahi, Fatin Nihal, Anisul Haque, Munsur Rahman 1. Introduction
Deltas are important dynamic environments that are constantly reshaped and reformed (Brown and Nicholls, 2015). The GBM delta, situated in Bangladesh and India (West Bengal), covers approximately 100,000 km2 of lowland flood and delta plains (Goodbred and Kuehl, 2000). Main drivers that affect the characteristics of hydraulic regime of estuaries are tide, discharge of the rivers, waves, lateral sediment transport, density difference of water and climatic factors (Savenije, 2012). Tide and river floods are the two most important factors in determining estuarine shape.
However, it is the combination of all these drivers that leads to the wide range of estuarine shapes and behaviors, each with a different aquatic environment. Several ways to classify estuaries are according to shape, tidal influence, river influence, geology and salinity. Alluvial estuaries are estuaries that have movable beds, consisting of sediments of both riverine and marine origin, in which there is a measurable influence of fresh water inflow. The water moving in the estuary can either erode the estuary bed (by deepening or widening) or it can deposit sediments and, in doing so, make the estuary narrower or shallower. Hence, the shape of an alluvial estuary is directly related to the hydraulics of the estuary, or as Wright et al. (1973) put it: “the simultaneous co- adjustment of both process and form has yielded an equilibrium situation”. In this paper, relation between flow velocity and width-depth ratio (WDR) is developed.