THE EFFECT OF PROJECT BASED LEARNING (PjBL) ON
STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING
PROCEDURE TEXT
A THESIS
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for the Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan
By
RISA AFIANTI
Registration Number. 2112121029
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGE AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERISTY OF MEDAN
DECLARATION
I have familiarized with the university’s policy on academic integrity. Except where
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, the writer would like to thank to Allah SWT for the blessing that she finally completed this thesis who inspired the writer to be always strong and patient in completing this thesis which entitled: The Effect of Project Based
Learning on Students’ Achievement in Writing Procedure Text.
The thesis is aimed to fulfill one of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Pendidikan of the English Department , Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of Medan (UNIMED).
In completing this thesis, the writer encountered some difficulties but many people helped him in facing them. So, the writer would like to express her gratitude and love to:
Dr. Syawal Gultom, M.Pd., the Rector of State University of Medan.
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., the Dean of Faculty of Languages and Arts,
State University of Medan.
Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd., the Head of English Department, and also her
Thesis Advisor.
Nora Ronita Dewi S.Pd, S.S, M.Hum., the Head of English Education Study
Program.
Dr. Zainuddin, DIP.TEFL, M.Hum, her Thesis Advisor. Dra. Meisuri, M.A., Secretary of English Department. Dra. Masitowarni Siregar, M.Ed., the Academic Advisor.
Prof. Dr. Busmin Gurning, M.Hum., the Reviewer and Examiner. Rita Suswati, S.Pd. M.Hum., the Reviewer and Examiner.
All the lecturers who have taught her in this English Department, for giving knowledge, advices and amazing study experiences.
Eis Sri Wahyuningsih, S.Pd, M.Pd., the Administration Staff of English
Department, for her attention, assistance, and information in completing this Thesis.
Her beloved parents, Hasbullah and Siti Khadijah, and also her beloved brothers M.Haris Abdillah, Nabil Abdillah and Tri Suni Arti and also all family for their pray, love, support and everything they given to the writer not only in completing this thesis but also in her life.
Her beloved friends Riva Sri Agustina, Fani Fadillah and Ricka Setiawati and for those whose name cannot be mention yet, gave her support, information, encouragement, inspired, helping and also laughs during the process of writing process of writing this thesis.
Her friends in Regular Dik A. 2011, as her grate class for the love and togetherness throughtout four years, her friends in PPLT SMPN 2 Babalan for many experience and togetherness and also other comrades that can be mentioned one by one.
ABSTRACT
Afianti, Risa. 2112121029. The Effect of using Project Based Learning. A thesis, English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of Medan 2015
This study aims to find out whether students’ achievement trough using Project
Based Learning is higher than trough discussion method in writing procedure text. The research was conducted by experimental research used in two groups. They are experimental use Project Based Learning and control use Discussion Method. The subject of this were the students of SMP Negeri 2 Babalan class VII-2 and VII-3 consisted of 30 students for each class. To collecting the data was taken from writing test. After analyzing the data, it was found that the value of t-obs was 4.16 with degree of freedom (df) = 58 at the level of significance p(0.05) = 2,000. It means that t-obs is higher than t-table. It was found that teaching procedure text by using Project Based Learning is higher than discussion method. Project Based
Learning has a significant effect on students’ achievement in writing procedure text.
LIST OF TABLES
Page
Table 1.1 The Percentage of the Seven Grade Score in Writing... 3
Table 2.1 The example of Procedure Text... 14
Table 3.1 Research Design... 27
LIST OF APPENDIXES
Page
Appendix A The Result of Pre-Test and Post-Test of Experimental
and Control Group ... 44
Appendix B The Calculation of The t-test of Experimental Group
and Control Group... 46
Appendix C The Calculation of The t-test ... 49
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study
Language cannot be separated from human being. Langauge is communication of thought a system of arbitary signals, such as voice, sounds, gestures or written symbols. So, by using language human beings can narrate and share their experince or information to others. The most importanat langauge to study that mostly used around the world is English. English is like a window in our house. It means that English is a way for us to face the world, especially in education. Language learning is a skill. There are four basic language skills which every learner must master. These skills are Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing. Listening and Reading are passive skills whereas Speaking and Writing are active skills. Nowadays the active skills, the ability to speak and to write are needed in English for education and business also.
According to Educational unit Level Curriculum ( Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan), especially for Junior High School about standard competence in writing, students are expected to be able to write descriptive, procedure, recount, narrative and report text.
foods, drinks,beverage, etc) and how to achieve something (rule to play any games to get the winner, instructions to some place, etc). They were served step by step to reach the goal.
Based on the writer’s experience in Teaching Practice Program (PPL) in First Grade Junior High School, the writer found the problem in students’ writing. This case could be caused by minority learning of writing skills in Junior High School. Many students failed the achievement of writing skill. The writer did the interview the students in the class room. The writer concluded some reasons why students cannot write English well. Many students cannot organize their ideas. They just think without organizing, some students just waiting from the teacher’s suggestion. Then, the problem was teaching technique applied by teacher. Most of the teacher taught the writing theory and focused on grammar. That made students hard to organize their ideas well.
Project-Based Learning (PjBL) is a teaching and learning model (curriculum development and instructional approach) that emphasizes the students centered instruction by assigning project. It allows students to work autonomously to construct their own learning, and culminates in realistic, student-generated products.
Based on the reserachers’ observation in SMP Negeri 2 Pangkalan Brandan,
the researcher observed that the process of writing a text was still a serious problem for the students to write well in writing. Many students got difficulties to develop their writing because of some actors such as lacking of vocabularies; motivation; and limited of grammar make students uninterested in writing. In addition, based on the observation in that school, the score of minimum standard competence (KKM) of English subject is 78. The teacher uses Discussion method to teach
writing. Here are the recapitulations of students’ score in writing by using
discussion method;
Table 1.1
The Percentage of the Seven Grade Score in Writing
1st Semester >75 ≥75 <75
Source: Students’ accumulated score of grade VII-2 and VII-3 students at SMP Negeri 2 Pangkalan Brandan academic year 2014-205
situation made the students’ motivation in writing decrease. Sharon (2003:39) said that the learning of language depends not so much on the number of years it is studied but on the motivation of the students, the type of teachers, method o teaching adopted, and instructional material designed.
From the problems mentioned above, the researcher chooses to conduct this study by using Project Based Learning. By using project based learning the researcher believe that all of the students in the class will be more active in teaching and learning process. It can also increase their motivation and achievement in writing. From the explanation above the writer is interested in conducting a study
under the title “ The Effect Project Based Learning on students’ achievement in
writing procedure text”.
B. The Problem of the Study
Based on the background of the study above, the problem of the study can be
formulated as follows: “ Is students’ achievement in writing procedure text taught
by using project based learning higher than that taught by using discussion
method?”
C. The Objective of the Study
D. The Scope of the Study
There are many kinds of genres in writing namely narrative, argumentative, descriptive, exposition, recount, report, procedure etc. The scope of this research is limited only on the procedure text in Project Based Learning.
E. The Significance of the Study
The results of the study are expected either the theories or practice to be useful for:
a.Theoretical
The expected of this research is to enrich the learning of science writing especially in writing procedure text by using project based learning. b. Practical
1. The students who want to improve their ability in writing procedure text trough the project based learning.
2. English teacher who reach writing particularly those who want to improve
their students’ achievement in writing procedure text through the Project
-Based Learning (PBL) in order to decrease the problem of the study in the class.
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
A. Conclusion
Based on the result of the data analysis and discussion, the researcher concludes that using Project Based Learning (PjBL) significantly affects the
students’ achievement in writing procedure text, since students’ achievement in
writing procedure text who taught by using Project Based Learning (PjBL) is higher than taught by using discussion method. Therefore, the formulated hypothesis as
“The student’s achievement taught by using Project Based Learning is higher than
those taught by using discussion method” is accepted.
B. Suggestions
Based on the conclusion, the researcher gives some suggestions for those who are interesting in teaching writing with applying Project Based Learning such as:
1. The English teachers are suggested to use Project Based Learning in teaching writing because this approach helps the teacher in monitoring and encouraging the students so that the students can expand the ideas easily. 2. The students are suggested to be more confidence and enjoyable in
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