THE EFFECT OF USING PICTURE SERIES WITH KEYWORDS ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING PROCEDURE TEXT.

THE EFFECT OF USING PICTURE SERIES WITH KEYWORDS

ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING

PROCEDURE TEXT

A THESIS

Submitted to English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of Medan, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the

Degree of SarjanaPendidikan

By:

SINDE ELISA LUMBAN RAJA

Registration Number: 2103121044

ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS

DECLARATION

I have familiarized myself with the University’s Policy on Academic integrity.

Except where appropriately acknowledged, this thesis is my own work, has been expressed in my own words, and has not been previously been submitted for assessment.

I understand that this paper may be screened electronically or otherwise for plagiarism.

Medan, April 2015

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ABSTRACT

Lumbanraja, Sinde Elisa.2103121044. The Effect of Using Picture Series with Keywords on Students’ Achievement in Writing Procedure Text.A Thesis.English Department.Faculty of Languages and Arts.State University of Medan. 2015.

This study was an attempt to discover the effect of using picture series with keywords on students’ achievement in writing procedure text. It was conducted by using experimental research design. The population of this research was the eleventh grade ( XI) students of SMAN 1 Sidamanik which consists of five parallel classes with the total number of students is 171. The sample of this research was taken by random sampling. The result was class XI-A2 consistingof 37 students became the experimental group and XI-A2 consisting of 37 students became the control group. The experimental group was taught by using picture series with keywords and there is no treatment in control group.The instrument for collecting the data was writing test. The data were analyzed by using t-test formula. The result shows that the value of t-observed (4.596) is higher than the value of t-table (1,9932) (α = 0.05) with the degree of freedom (df) = 72. It means

that there is a significant effect of using picture series with keywords on students’

achievement in writing procedure text. So, the alternative hypothesis was accepted.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Firstly, praise and great attitude to the almighty God for the blessing, mercy, opportunity and help given to the writer to complete this Thesis entitled

“The Effect of Using Picture Series with Keywords on Students’ Achievement in Writing Procedure Text” as one of requirements for the degree of Sarjana

Pendidikan (S1) at English Department, Faculty of Language and Arts, State University of Medan.

During the process of writing and conducting the research, the writer was assisted and supported by many people. This thesis cannot be accomplished without guidance, suggestion, and comment from them, for which the writer would like to express her sincere appreciation which directed to:

 Prof. Dr. IbnuHajarDamanik, M.Si., the Rector of State University of

Medan.

 Dr. IsdaPramuniati, M.Hum., the Dean of Language and Arts Faculty, Vice

Dean I, II, III, and all the administrative staff.

 Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd., the Head of English and Literature

Department as well as her Academic Consultant and Reviewer.

 Dra. Meisuri, M.A.,the Secretary of English Department.

 Dra. MasitowarniSiregar, M.Ed., the Head of English Education Study

Program.

 Dr.I Wayan Dirgayasa, M. Hum.,her Thesis Consultant.

 Prof. Dr. Berlin Sibarani, M.Pd.,Dr. Rahmah, M. Hum., Drs. Willem

conduct the research in the class.

 Satar Lumban Raja (+) and Ratna Marpaung, her beloved parents for

support her in all aspects. Dahlan Simanjuntak, Lisbet Lumban Raja,

Brigel Lumban Raja, Amd. Rohana Marpaung. SE., Alfian Lumban Raja, Daniel Lumban Raja. SH., Kevin Simanjuntak, Elsa Simanjuntak, and Yobel Simanjuntak, her brothers, Sisters, and nephews for their support

and prayer.

 Borisman Vici Siahaan and 7 IkanAdi Pranata Singarimbun, Fadillah Alwie, Fransiska Sipayung, Putri Sinaga (+), Syarifah IT. Nst, Veronika Napitu, her closest friend for their support and help during her study and

finishing his thesis.

 Big Family of PPLTSMK N 1 Pematang Siantar 2013 and English

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Overall, the researcher hopes this thesis can give contribution to the English Education Students, Further pedagogical research, and for the readers.

Medan, April 2015 The Writer,

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1. English Curriculum 2013 ... 7

2. Writing ... 8

9. The Procedure of Using Picture Series with Key Words in Teaching Procedure Text ... 26

B.Conceptual Framework ... 27

C.Hypothesis ... 28

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ... 29

A.Research Design ... 29

B.Population and Sample ... 30

1. Population ... 30

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C. Technique for Collecting the Data ... 30

D. Instrument for Collecting the Data... 31

E. The Procedure of Collecting the Data ... 31

1. Pre-Test ... 31

2. Treatment ... 31

3. Post-Test ... 33

F. The Validity and Reliability of the Test ... 33

1. The Validity of the Test ... 33

2. The Reliability of the Test ... 34

G.Technique for Analyzing the Data ... 35

CHAPTER IV: THE DATA AND RESEARCH FINDINGS ... 36

A.Data ... 36

B.The Data Analysis ... 37

1. Data Analysis Using Reliability ... 37

2. Test for Homogeneity Variance ... 37

3. Testing Normality ... 38

4. Data Analysis by Using T-Test Formula ... 39

C.Testing Hypothesis ... 39

D.Research Findings ... 40

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 42

A.Conclusions ... 42

B.Suggestion ... 42

REFERENCES ... 44

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LIST OF TABLES

Page

Table 2.1. Assessment of Writing ... 20

Table 3.1. Research Design ... 29

Table 3.2. Treatment in Experimental Group... 32

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LIST OF FIGURES

viii

LIST OF APPENDICES

Page

Appendix A ... 46

Appendix B ... 47

Appendix C ... 51

Appendix D ... 53

Appendix E ... 55

Appendix F ... 59

Appendix G ... 63

Appendix H ... 71

Appendix I ... 72

Appendix J ... 73

Appendix K ... 74

Appendix L ... 78

Appendix M ... 82

Appendix N ... 84

Appendix O ... 118

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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. The Background of the Study

English is one of the most important languages in the world because it is used as an international language. People use English to face the globalization era that is why English becomes one of the languages that is needed to be taught in school. Since 1967, government has decided to include English lesson in curriculum and it is still applied in curriculum which is used today. English has been taught in some levels of education. But in fact, if we see the reality in our country, the progress of the students’ ability in learning English at senior high school is not good enough that is why English in Indonesia is still used as foreign language.

There are four skills thatshould be mastered by students in learning English namely listening, speaking, reading and writing. Each skill has an

important role to complete someone’s ability in using language.Writing is one of

2 written procedures are typically solid, precise, factual, shorts, and to the point then a good procedure text also accurate, brief and readable but, they are not easy to achieve. Based on the writer’s observation in SMA NEGERI 1 SIDAMANIK most of the students got many difficulties in writing procedure text especially in grammar, diction, and accurate steps order. They perhaps have ideas in their mind

but they don’t know how to organize or express them. Students’ interest also

becomes the problem in learning writing. The students cannot pay much attention and enthusiasm to do writing tasks.

Students’ failures in writing also come from the teacher. Teacher cannot

find the creative way to stimulate the students’ interest in teaching and learning

process. Teacher only does the custom way to teach, teacher only focuses on explaining the material through lecturing method without existing some tools or media that may support the process of learning and catch students’ attention or interest. An instructional media can be used to motivate the students in their learning process.

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media, they are: audio, visual and audio visual. In this study the researcher will use visual media. The visual media includes blackboard, textbook, picture, chart, pocket chart, flash card etc. Using pictures is one of the solutions to overcome the problems. Gerngross (1992:3) states that the uses of pictures make communication in the foreign language class more alive, natural and stimulating. He recommended that pictures can be used to offer ideas to train language skill. On the other hand, the use of pictures can generate the productive skill namely speaking and writing skill.

According to Raimes (1983:27) pictures can be the basis for fairly mechanical controlled composition, sentence combining exercises, or sequencing of sentences, writing of original dialogues, letters, report or essay. Based on the opinions above using picture is necessary needed to help student in creating their creative handwriting. Picture will provide some more experience for the students when they are studying English.

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easily. Picture series with key words also helps students to find the accurate steps of procedure text they will write because they will write based on the sequence number of picture that they see and the key words will help them in vocabulary or diction problems.

Previous researcher Zaini (2011) states that there are some significant effects in increasing students’ ability after using picture series in MTsNW I KembangKerang, Lombok Timur for class IX A. The result showed that by using

picture series the students became more motivated, more interested and

successfully affected the students’ achievement in writing ability. Picture series

with key words are able to help students to get experience and stimulate the students in recalling vocabularies to express their ideas or opinions to write sentence and paragraph even essay.

By considering explanations above and the previous research, the researcher decided to do a study about the effect of using picture series with key words as a media on students’ achievement in writing procedure text.

B. The Problem of the Study

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“Does the using of Picture Series with key wordssignificantly affect

students’ writing procedure text?”

C. The Objective of the Study

The objective of this study is to find out the significance effect by using picture series with key words as media on students’ achievement in writing procedure text for grade 11 SMA NEGERI 1 SIDAMANIK.

D. The Scope of the Study

There are two kinds of procedure text, namely how to make something and how to operate something. This research basically limited in writing procedure text especially in makingfood by using picture series with key words as media which are proposed by Gerngross and Puchta (1992)

E. The Significance of the Study.

The findings of the study are expected to be useful and bring some significance. They are:

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CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

A. Conclusion

After analyzing the data, it was found that the students’ score in

experimental group was higher than the students in control group. The total score and the mean score in experimental group showed that there was a significant

improvement of the students’ score between the pre-test and the post-test score.

Since the value of tobservedwas 4.596 with df (72) at the level significance

(0.05) = 1,9932the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. So, from the calculation of the data, it can be concluded that picture series with keywords significantly affected the students’ achievement in writing procedure text.

B. Suggestion

By considering the conclusion mentioned above, the writer suggests that picture series with keywordsis one of the media in teaching writing, especially in writing a procedure text. The writer mentions some suggestions as follows:

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3. Other researcher can develop related study to improve learning media. 4. The reader can use picture series with keywords as an alternative way in

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