THE DEVELOPMENT OF MORPHEME ACQUISITION
AMONG THE CHILDREN OF 18-42 MONTHS
A Thesis
Submitted to the English Applied Linguistics Study Program in Partial Fulfillment of the Registration for the Degree of
Magister Humaniora
By:
ELVI GRACE SEPTIDAR SIANIPAR Registration Number: 8106111049
ENGLISH APPLIED LINGUISTICS STUDY PROGRAM POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN MEDAN
i ABSTRACT
Sianipar, Elvi Grace Septidar. RegistrationNumber : 8106111049. The Development of Morpheme Acquisition Among the Children of 18-42 Months. Thesis: English Applied Linguistic Program, Postgraduate School, State University of Medan 2016.
ii ABSTRACT
Sianipar, Elvi Grace Septidar. RegistrationNumber : 8106111049.The Development of Morpheme Acquisition Among the Children of 18-42 Months. Thesis: English Applied Linguistic Program, Postgraduate School, State University of Medan 2016.
iii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The writer’s endless gratitude is primary expressed to Jesus Christ for his amazing grace from the beginning until the end of my master’s program. He has been faithful to me through every pain, every tear, every struggle and hardship. “I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me”- Philippians 4: 13
The writer would like to express her deep and sincere attitude of advisers, Prof. Dr Berlin Sibarani,M.Pd and Prof.Dr.Sri Minda Murni, M.S. Their knowledge and logical way of thinking have been a great value for the writer. The understanding, encouraging, and personal guidance have provided the writer good basis during her study and completion of this thesis.
Her sincere thanks also to all examiners, Prof. Dr. Busmin gurning, M.Pd, Prof. Dr. Lince Sihombing,M.Pd and Dr. Siti Aisyah Ginting M.Pd for their advice,supervision, and crusial contribution in the improvement of the result of this thesis.
The writer gratitude also goes to Dr.Rahmad Husein, M.Ed as the head of Linguistic Program, Dr.Anni Holila Pulungan,M.Hum as the secretary of Linguistic Program and Farid Ma’ruf as the assistant of Linguistic Program who has helped her patiently finishing this thesis.
Then, the writer would like express her utmost gratitude to her parents D.Sianipar and S.Br. Hutajulu,S.Th who have been her constant supporter. Thank you for non-stop prayer, Mom and Dad. She is also blessed to have such lovely and caring the one and only brother Yohanes Frans Imbalo Sianipar, you are the reason why my feet could stand firm through every raging storm.
Finally, the writer would like to thank everybody who whose important to
the successful realization of this thesis. This thesis is far from perfect, but it is
expected that it will be useful not only for the researcher, but also for the readers.
for this research, contractive thoughtful suggestion and critics are welcome.
Medan, 27th February 2017 The writer,
iv
LIST OF APPENDICES ... vi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ... 1
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE ... 8
2.1 Morpheme ... 8
2.1.1 The Nature of Morpheme ... 8
2.1.2 Types of Morpheme... 9
2.1.3 Morpheme in Bahasa Indonesia ... 14
2.2 Language Acquisition ... 21
2.2.1 The Nature of Language Acquisition ... 21
2.2.2 The Theories in Language Acquisition ... 22
2.2.3 The Stages of Language Acquisition ... 24
2.3 The Development of Acquisition ... 28
2.4 Morpheme Acquisition ... 31
2.5 Relevant Studies ... 33
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ... 35
3.1 Research Design ... 35
3.2 Subject of The Study ... 35
3.3 The Technique of Data Collection ... 36
3.3.1 Techniques of Data Analysis ... 36
v
CHAPTER IV : DATA ANALYSIS AND RESEARCH FINDINGS ... 41
4.1 Data Analysis ... 41
4.1.1 Types of Morpheme Acquired by the Children ... 42
4.1.2 Types of Morpheme Acquired by 18-23Months Old ... 45
4.1.3 Types of Morpheme Acquired by 24-30 Months Old ... 45
4.1.4 Types of Morpheme Acquired by 31-36 Months Old ... 47
4.1.5 Types of Morpheme Acquired by 37-42 Months Old ... 48
4.2 The Development of Morpheme Acquisition ... 52
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 57
5.1 Conclusion ... 57
5.2 Suggestion ... 58
REFERENCES ... 59
vi
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix A The Recording Of Children Utterances ... 62
Appendix B Word Acquisition Pronunciation ... 87
Appendix C The Identification and the Categorization of Indonesian
Morphemes ... 90
56 CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1. Conclusions
Based on the analysis, the conclusions were stated as the following :
1. The theory of Slobin (1985) is contradictive with the fact in these
research. The simplicity of the form of Bahasa Indonesia more
understand by the children of 18-42 months old. By the contradictive
of the theory of Slobin it conclude that Morphemes acquired by 18-23
months old are (115) free morphemes, (12) bound morphemes, (20)
complete pronunciation and (62) incomplete pronunciation; at the age
of 24-30 months old are acquired (118) free morphemes, (7) bound
morphemes, (25) complete pronunciation and (69) incomplete
pronunciation; by the age of 31-36 months old acquired (83) free
morphemes, (32) bound morphemes, (38) complete pronunciation and
(26) incomplete pronunciation; and at the age of 37-42 months old
children acquired (29) free morphemes, (21) bound morphemes, (30)
complete morphemes and (3) incomplete pronunciation morphemes.
2. At the age of 18-23 months old children acquired free morpheme in
incomplete pronunciation; At the age of 24-30 months old children
acquired the limited free morpheme of surrounding words and concrete
one; At the age of 31-36 months old the acquisition of free morpheme
and bound morpheme are still in incomplete and also pronunciation
57
old the acquisition of free morpheme and bound morpheme are
completely acquired in pronunciation and meaning
5.2Suggestions
In relation to the conclusion, suggestion are offered as the following :
1. Parents
Parents especially mother is key to improve and maximize the
development of children’s language acquisition. Mothers should spend
thousands of hours in conversation with their children in order to observe
and encourage children to say morphemes, speak and express themselves
well and try to show the correct way, in order to train the children to speak
morphemes well in according to their age level.
2. Teachers in sunday school
Teachers in early education need to be creative and adaptive. It is
important to understand that as the teacher, you could be one of the first
adults has interacted with outside of his/her own family.
3. Other researcher
This research is conducted to give benefit for academic and students who
wants to learn the language acquisition occurred at the age of 18-42
months old, for those not only with the morpheme but also in the other
subject, for example frase,word,sentence, and grammatical morpheme can
58
This study is not perfect result, this is due to the limitations of the
researcher in describing and discussing problems in this study. Thus, it is
necessary to conduct further research on language acquisition of children
59
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