SOCIOPRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF COMMISSIVE
UTTERANCES USED IN THE FAULT IN OUR STARS
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by
ARGA KURNIAWAN KMA
A 320 122 007
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
v
MOTTO
“And He found you lost and guided you,”
(Quran 93:7)
How can we win, when fools can be king?
Don’t waste your time, or time will waste you
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DEDICATION
This research paper is dedicated to:
The greatest ones Allah SWT
His beloved parents Mr. Lasito and Mrs. Rubiyah, my beloved brothers and sisters, and my big family. Thanks for your full support and bless.
All of the members of EDSO UMS 2012
His friends (Rudy, Rezky, Richo, Herlina, Irin, Firda, Risma, Vernanda, Deby.
Especially, SintaDewi R, thanks for everything that you have done to support him.
vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AssalamualaikumWarahmatullahiWabarakatuh.
In the name of Allah the most gracious and the most merciful, I would like
to say thank to Allah SWT the almighty for mercy and blessing for the writer in
making research paper to fulfill one of requirement for the undergraduate degree
of education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. The writer finally
completes her research paper entitled “SOCIOPRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF
COMMISSIVE UTTERANCES USED IN THE FAULT IN OUR STARS”.
Sholawatand salamare also given to our great prophet Muhammad SAW
who brought the mankind from the darkness into the lightness. In finishing this
research paper, the writer find some problems and obstacles. so that this research
paper cannot be finished without help from the others who give support, guidance,
suggestion, and constructive criticism. Finally the writer would like to express her
thanks for those who helped him.
1. Prof. Dr. HarunJokoPrayitno, the Dean of the School of Teacher
Training and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2. MaulyHalwatHikmat, Ph.D, the Chief of Department of English
Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
3. Aryati Prasetyarini, S. Pd, M. Pd, the Secretary of Department of
English Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
4. Dra. SitiZuhriahAriatmi, M. Hum as a consultant who has given the
research guidance, suggestion, and correction wisely during the
completion of this research paper.
5. TitisSetyabudi, S.S., M.Hum., the academic adviser who has patiently
guided the researcher,
6. All of the lecturers of English Department, for precious knowledge and
viii
7. His dearest mother and father “Mr. Lasito and Mrs. Rubiyah”. Who
have supported and guided him.
8. His beloved brothers and sisters. Thank for giving him a support, I love
you.
9. His beloved nieces and nephew. Thank for laugh, support, and love.
10.His best friend in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. Thank for
laugh and the days we have shared together,
11.His dearest friends in EDSO, all generations, support, pray, laugh like a
family,
12.His close friend, thank for giving him supports and pray.
13.All of the people, who can’t be mentioned one by one, than for
everything.
Deep down in the researcher’s heart, she realized that this research paper is so far from being perfect. The researcher invites comments and suggestion from
ix ABSTRAK
Arga Kurniawan KMA. A 320 122 007. SOCIOPRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF COMMISSIVE UTTERANCES USED IN THE FAULT IN OUR STARS. Research Paper. School of Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 2016.
Kalimat commissive adalah salah satu bagian dari speech act. Dalam kalimat commissive, penutur berkehendak melakukan suatu perbuatan yang di katakannya di masa mendatang. Peneletian ini menganalisa kalimat commissive yang digunakan oleh para pemeran dalam film yang berjudul “The Fault in Our Stars”. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) mengidentifikasi jenis kalimat
commissive dalam film yang berjudul “The Fault in Our Stars”, (2)
mendiskripsikan jenis implikatur yang muncul dalam kalimat commissive, (3) dan mencari jenis pelanggaran maxim yang dilanggar oleh penutur.
Jenis metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif karena data yang dianalisis berbentuk kata-kata. Sumber data penelitian ini di ambil dari film yang berjudul “The Fault in Our Stars”. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode dokumentasi dengan mempelejari transkrip dari fim tersebut untuk menganalisa data. Data dalam penelitian ini di analisa menggunakan beberapa teori, kalimat commissive di analisa dengan merujuk pada teori Searle, implikatur dan pelanggaran maxim dari kalimat commissive di analisa dengan merujuk pada teori Grice.
Menurut teori Saerle terdapat enam kategori kalimat commissive yaitu janji, penolakan, garansi, ancaman, tawaran, dan relawan. Penelitian ini menemukan 20 data kalimat commissive yang terdapat dalam film tersebut. Data tersebut adalah kalimat janji 30%, garansi 30%, penolakan 10%, ancaman 10%, tawaran 15%, dan relawan 5%. Jenis kalimat commissive yang paling banyak digunakan dalam film ini adalah kalimat garansi dan janji. Penelitian ini menemukan 8 dari 20 data yang mengandung implikatur, terdapat 5 data yang masuk dalam particularized conversational implicature dan 3 data yang masuk dalam generalized conversational implicature. Dalam pelanggaran maxim, penelitian ini menumakan 5 dari 20 data yang melanggar maxim, 2 data melanggar maxim of quantity, 1 data melanggar maxim of quality, 1 data melanggar maxim of manner, dan 1 data melanggar maxim of relation.
x ABSTRACT
Commissive utterance is one of the classifications of illocutionary speech act. In the commissive utterance, the speaker commits to himself to do some future action. This study analyzes the commissive utterances used by the characters in the movie entitled “The Fault in Our Stars”. The aims of this study are (1) to find out the types of commissive utterances used in “The Fault in Our Stars” movie, (2) to find out the types of implicatures of commissive utterances, (3) and to find out the violation maxim of commissive utterances.
The type of this study is descriptive qualitative method since this study analyzes the data in the form of words. The data source of this study is taken from the movie entitled “The Fault in Our Stars”. This study applies documentation by studying deeply on the movie’s script. The data are analyzed by using several kinds of theory; types of commissive utterances are analyzed by referring to Searle’s commissive utterance classification while the implicature and violating maxim are analyzed by referring to Grice theory.
According to Searle’s theory there are six categories of commissive utterances, i.e. promise, refuse, guarantee, threat, offer, and volunteer. The researcher found 20 data of commissiveuterrances. Those are 6 promise 30%, 6 guarantee 30%, 2 refusal 10%, 2 threat 10%, 3 offer 15% and the last is 1 volunteer 5%. The majority of the types of commissive utterances used by the characters in the movie entitled “The Fault in Our Starts” are guarantee and promise. The researcher found 8 of 20 data which revealed implicature, there 5 data contain particularized conversational implicature and 3 data contain generalized conversational implicature. In the violation maxim, the researcher found 5 of 20 data which violated the maxim, 2 data violated the maxim of quantity, 1 data violated the maxim of quality, 1 data violated the maxim of manner, and 1 data violated the maxim of relation.
Keywords: commissive utterances, violating maxim, implicature of commissive
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CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ... 4
A.Underlying Theory ... 4
1. Pragmatic ... 5
2. Sociopragmatic... 5
3. Speech Act ... 6
4. Pragmatic Context ... 8
5. Commissive Utterances... 9
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7. Cooperative Principle ... 14
B. Previous Study ... 17
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD ... 20
A. Research Type ... 20
B. Object and Data ... 20
C. Method of Collecting Data ... 20
D. Technique of Analyzing Data ... 21
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION ... 22
A. Data Analysis ... 22
1. Types of Commisive Utterances ... 23
2. The Implicatureof Commisive Utterances ... 37
3. Violation Maximof Commisive Utterances ... 44
B. Discussion ... 47
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 51
A. Conclusion ... 51
B. Suggestion ... 52
BIBLIOGRAPHY ... 53
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LIST OF TABLE
Page
Table 4.1 ... 22
Table 4.2 ... 48
Table 4.3 ... 49
