UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA
Motorized Spoiler to Help Car Stop Faster
Thesis submitted in accordance with the partial requirements of the Universiti
Teknikal Malaysia Melaka for the Bachelor of Manufacturing Engineering
(Design Manufacturing)
By
MUHAMMAD JURA’AID ABU BAKAR
Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering
MOTORIZED SPOILER TO HELP STOP CAR FASTER
MUHAMMAD JURA’AID ABU BAKAR
i
UTeM Library (Pind.1/2005)
UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA (UTeM)
BORANG PENGESAHAN STATUS TESIS*
JUDUL: CASE STUDY OF MOTORIZED SPOILER TO HELP STOP CAR FASTER
SESI PENGAJIAN: 2006/2007
Saya MUHAMMAD JURA’AID ABU BAKAR
mengaku membenarkan tesis (PSM/Sarjana/Doktor Falsafah) ini disimpan di Perpustakaan Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) dengan syarat-syarat kegunaan seperti berikut:
1. Tesis adalah hak milik Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka.
2. Perpustakaan Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka dibenarkan membuat salinan untuk tujuan pengajian sahaja.
3. Perpustakaan dibenarkan membuat salinan tesis ini sebagai bahan pertukaran antara institusi pengajian tinggi.
4. **Sila tandakan (√)
SULIT
TERHAD
TIDAK TERHAD
(Mengandungi maklumat yang berdarjah keselamatan atau kepentingan Malaysia yang termaktub di dalam AKTA RAHSIA RASMI 1972)
(Mengandungi maklumat TERHAD yang telah ditentukan oleh organisasi/badan di mana penyelidikan dijalankan)
(TANDATANGAN PENULIS)
Alamat Tetap:
DECLARATION
I hereby, declare this thesis entitled “The Study of Foam Development in Rubber Industry” is the results of my own research except as cited in the reference.
Signature : ………
Author’s Name : MUHAMMAD JURA’AID BIN ABU BAKAR
APPROVAL
This thesis submitted to the senate of UTeM and has been accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Manufacturing Engineering
(Manufacturing Design). The members of the supervisory committee are as follow:
………. EN MUHAMMAD SYAFIK BIN JUMALI
(Official Stamp & Date)
DEDICATION
ABSTRACT
This thesis has been made to investigate about car spoiler ability. The fundamental of the car spoiler is now to be vice versa. The fundamental of the spoiler to give a car stability during speeding give the driver more confidence to drive fast. Now the spoiler will be made to help the car stop faster. All the related documents, information, technical information and the existing design are based on the internet research. The original design already has been use on the Bugatti Veyron and Mercedes Benz SLR 72. This project will be redesigning the existing product to be used on a normal road car. Both car mentioned before known as an hypercar and both have a top speed beyond 330 km/h. At such speed, air brake is an alternative like has been use on a fighter jet during landing where it uses a parachute to gain drag. All the related information and sources are mentioned. The main objective doing this research because of the consciousness about the safety of a car where there should be and extra features to increase the safety. Even though this project is more related to automotive technical and safety, but the basic engineering can be applied such as the calculation, the hardness of the material, processing the material and designing the product.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I would like to thank for the given opportunity to do research in this case study for my final year project. I wish to acknowledge and express my gratitude and appreciation to these following persons for their time, commitment in guiding and supported through out completing this
thesis:-1. My supervisor, Mr Muhammad Syafik bin Jumali for his supervision, encouragement, suggestion and assistance through out the research.
2. My father, Abu Bakar bin Bidin for his moral support, guidance and financial support.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES AND SOURCES ix
LIST OF DIAGRAMS xi
2.2 Definition of Car Spoiler 11 2.3 Why A Car Need Downforce 14 2.4 Physical Characteristic 17
2.5 The Concept of Air Braking 19
3.4.1 Proton Wira Technical Aspects 29
3.5 Type of the Spoiler 30
3.6 Shape of the Spoiler 34
3.7 Stand Gap 35
3.7.1 Examples of a Stand Gap 36
3.8 Material Consideration 37
CHAPTER IV 39
4.1 Result 39
4.1.1 The Motor and Switch 41
4.2 Moving Part Mechanism 43
4.3 Spoiler Stand 46
4.4 Stand Position 50
4.5 The Adjusted Spoiler Position and Spoiler Swing
CHAPTER VI 58
6.1 Conclusion 58
6.2 References 59
LIST OF FIGURES AND SOURCES
NO. TITLE PAGE
1 Figure 1: The oversteer condition 2
http://people.bath.ac.uk/aj220/spin.JPG
2 Figure 2: A sedan car
www.hwupgrade.it 6
3 Figure 3: Hatchback car
www.carbodydesign.com 7
4 Figure 4: The aerodynamic testing in the wind tunnel
http://www.cecwheels.com/images/medialibrary 14 5 Figure 5: Lift of effect:
http://www.aprperformance.com 15
6 Figure 6: The spoiler gives an air resistance
www.bugatti.com 20
7 Figure 7: Example of GT wing
http://www.racing.ne.jp/~tsr/jpg/gt-wing01.jpg 22 8 Figure 8: Bugatti Veyron spoiler
www.bugatti.com 27
9 Figure 9: Proton Wira
www.proton.com.sg 28
10 Figure 10:Proton Wira Technical Specification
www.proton.com.np/models_wiraone_specifiactions.htm 29
11 Figure 11: OEM spoiler
13 Figure 13: GT standard/ normal bracket
www.vtechware.com/gtwing.htm 32
14 Figure 14: Bugatti Veyron wing stand
www.bugatti.com 33
15 Figure 15: Example of GT wing
www.ns.k-hos.gr.jp 34
16 Figure 16: Close gap
www.aprperformance.com 36
17 Figure 17: Gap too wide
www.aprperformance.com 37
18 Figure 18: Gap of one quarter (1/4) from the overall wing length
www.aprperformance.com 37
19 Figure 19: Carbon fiber GT wing
httpwww.autotoys.compicspitcarbonfiberwing4.jpg 38
20 Figure 20: Power window motor 41
21 Figure 21: Power window switch 42
22 Figure 22: The join plate 44
23 Figure 23: Bearing inserted 44
24 Figure 24: Stopper screw 45
25 Figure 25: Rest position 46
26 Figure 26: Braking position 47
27 Figure 27: Actual design of stand 48
28 Figure 28: Join and stopper position 49
29 Figure 29: Actual stand position 50
30 Figure 30: Actual join plate at rest 51
31 Figure 31: Join plate at limited swing 52 32 Figure 32: At rest position, the stand edge does not 52
have any contact with the flap
33 Figure 33: The stand edge touch the flap 53
34 Figure 34: The adjustment made for stand position 54
LIST OF DIAGRAMS
NO. TITLE PAGE
1 Diagram 1: Air flow diagram
www.aprperformance.com 6
2 Diagram 2: Turbulence behind car
http://www.flickr.com/photos/jalopnik/422044294 7
3 Diagram 3: Aerofoil
http://images.circletrack.com/techarticles 11 4 Diagram 4: How downforce was gained
http://images.circletrack.com/techarticles 16 5 Diagram 5: Air drag created
www.aerospaceweb.org 17
6 Diagram 6: The position of the spoiler during braking
http://images.circletrack.com/techarticles 19
7 Diagram 7: CAD drawing for spoiler flap 40
8 Diagram 8: CAD drawing for join plate 43
9 Diagram 9: CAD drawing for spoiler stand 48
LIST OF CHARTS
NO. TITLE PAGE
1 Project flow chart 23
CHAPTER 1
1.1
INTRODUCTION
‘Projek Sarjana Muda’ (PSM) is compulsory to the final year students in UTeM in
order to complete their degree in the engineering course. PSM allow these
students to do research and project based on the subjects learned in the classes,
the experience they get during the industrial training and any cases related with
the project.
Car spoiler is the device used for giving and extra downforce at the rear of a car.
It applied the aerodynamic of a car where the wind will flow through the spoiler.
Here, when the wind flew through it will give the downforce, a force produced by
the wind when it flew through the spoiler. This is happened because the spoiler
has been set up with certain angle with the front side of the spoiler are lower than
the back and that is how downforce are produced.
Some of the spoiler may have a shape of counter aerofoil. The main purpose for
downforce is to push the car to stick on the ground and the reason it’s placed at
the back of the car, during speeding or accelerating, the back of the car normally
will be so light. This is because there are no weight could act as a stabilizer and
always the back of the car experienced the understeer condition during cornering
at high speed. But this report is made to investigate the another ability of the
spoiler where for this time along not much considered or neglected, can the
spoiler of a car will help it stop faster during braking by increasing the back angle
of the spoiler.
Figure 1: The oversteer condition
http://people.bath.ac.uk/aj220/spin.JPG
When performance cars reach high velocities, it can be very hard to get the car to
turn in a tight enough circles, due to the inertia of the vehicle. To increase the
downforce, cars started adding wings, which work on the same principle as
aircraft wings, the key difference being that car wings provide downfocre rather
The main reason why cars need aerodynamic downforce, is because the car does
not have enough traction to turn at high speeds. This is due to inertia, or an
objects tendency to want to carry on going in the direction it is currently heading
in. By increasing the downforce, it is possible to increase the traction.
When the traction is increased, the wheels have more grips and as a result, the car
does not slide even during high speed corners.
Another reason why performance cars have wings and other features that improve
downforce, is so that the car, which is inherently aerofoil shaped, does not take
off.
1.2
BACKGROUND
Today, safety issues have been the main factors for any newly introduced product
in the market. Manufacturers claim their products are much better from the
existing one such as by using newly found or engineered materials which may not
give human side effect and also environment friendly. Instead, the existing
products were also having been improved rapidly to meat the safety requirement
from end user.
The automotive market in the world today, manufacturers around the globe like
having a race between them, where each company are introducing their latest
technology built by them and most of it about the safety issues. But, not only car
makers introducing their safety product and technology, the accessories makers
nowadays also introduced their product which they claim would increased the
safety of the car and user itself.
The reason for all the safety issues mentioned is about to reduce road accidents
and at the same time reducing death cause by the road accidents. Below is table
showing the number of accidents by vehicles in period from January until August
The road accidents statistics in Malaysia by period of January until August 2005
Table 1: Road accidents statistic by vehicles http://pmr.penerangan.gov.my/?
action=kemalangan.html
For a normal car, it has fronted mounted engine, cockpit or cabin at the center of
the body, and luggage bay or bonnet at the rear and this type of car named as
sedan car. But there is also another design of car which buttless, or called a
hatchback car. Both cars, most of the weight was located at the front of the car
where the engine is mounted inside the engine bay. This indirectly gives the front
side more stabile where the engine itself acts as a stabilizer. There were also other
types of cars such as coupe, and aeroback.
Figure 2: A sedan car
Figure 3: Hatchback car
www.carbodydesign.com
Stabilizer is so important when speeding to make sure the car is not oversteer
easily. But this is only applicable at the front side of the car where the engine act
as it indirect stabilizer. What about the rear of the car? With the empty bonnet, or
even with two adults sit at the back seat, can it be a good stabilizer as the front?
Engineers have invented a device that could give an effect as good as the weight
of the engine to act as the rear stabilizer, the spoiler.
Spoiler has been invented base on the airplane wing shape which called an
aerofoil. But, by applying the exact aerofoil shape onto road car, it may lift the car
when speeding and this will make the car lose grip on the ground. In this case, it
is not a safety device at all. So it has been invented with a counter effect, which
mean if the aerofoil built to lift the airplane, the spoiler was built to maintain the
car stick on the ground by turning upside down the shape of the aerofoil.
Diagram 1: Air flow diagram
www.aprperformance.com
The diagram of the air flow shows the air movement towards the cars when it
bombards the air molecules while cruising. When a spoiler is mounted, the air
will flow towards the spoiler and will give the downforce effect to the car. This
will give the car stability.
