DEVELOPING PICTURE AS A MEDIUM OF TEACHING
WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT AT SMP NEGERI 5
TANJUNGBALAI
A THESIS
Submitted to Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan
By:
RIZKI RAMADHANSYAH. P
Registration Number: 2123321067
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
i ABSTRACT
Rizki Ramadhansyah, P. 2123321067. Developing Picture as a Medium of Teaching Writing Descriptive Text at SMP Negeri 5 Tanjungbalai. Thesis: English Educational Program. Faculty of Languages and Arts. State University of Medan.
This research is aimed at developing good picture as a media, interest and easy to be learnt, and can be used for teaching writing descriptive text. This study is developmental research uses Borg and Gall model. The subject of this research is the class VIII 4 of SMP Negeri 5 Tanjungbalai which consists of 35 students. The evaluators of the media are two experts. This instruments employed in this study are observation, questionnaires and test. The finding of the study is the quality of the developed picture media viewed from the experts is excellent (87,5%). The final product of this picture media is continued with effectiveness exam. The samples are 35 students which is given a sequence pictures of pet. Test were administrated to measure students’ ability in writing descriptive text by using picture and also for testing the product. The scoring system was based on five aspects; they are content, organization, vocabulary, language use, mechanics. The result shows that there is an increase of students’ ability in writing descriptive text by using picture as a medium. Therefore, the writer suggest to English teacher to develop picture as one of the alternative ways to increase the students’ descriptive text writing ability.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First and foremost, the writer would like to express the deepest gratitude to
Allah SWT, the Almighty and the Most Beneficial for the Blessing, Grace,
Guidance, and Mercy that have been given to the writer to complete this thesis entitled “Developing Picture as a Medium of Teaching Writing Descriptive Text at SMP Negeri 5 Tanjungbalai”. This Thesis has been written in partial fulfillment
of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Pendidikan (S.Pd) at the English and
Literature Department, Faculty of Language and Arts, State University of Medan.
During the process of writing and conducting the research, the writer was
assisted and supported by many people. This thesis cannot be accomplished
without guidance, suggestion, and comment from them, for which the writer
would like to express his sincere appreciation which directed to:
Prof. Dr. Syawal Gultom, M.Pd., the Rector of State University of Medan.
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., the Dean of Languages and Arts Faculty. Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd., the Head of English and Literature Academic Consultant and Dra. Masitowarni Siregar, M.Ed. his Thesis Consultant II.
Dr. Anni Holila Pulungan, M.Hum. and Johannes Jefria Gultom, S.Pd., M.Hum. the Examiners, the writer is also very grateful to all lecturers who have taught, guided, and advised his throughout the
academic years.
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Eis Sri Wahyuningsih, M.Pd and Mr. Pantes as the Administration Staffs of English and Literature Department who always helped the writer
during his academic year.
Ida Tiurma, S.Pd. the Headmaster of SMP Negeri 5 Tanjungbalai who has gave the permission to conduct the research in the school. And also for
students in VIII-4 for their intention and participation during the research.
Agustina Simatupang, M.Pd. the English teacher who gives permission to conduct the research in the class as well as his evaluator of the media.
Hasanuddin Parinduri and Masdelina Harahap, S.Sos. his beloved and super power parents who gave her love, prayer, moral and financial
support in completing his education.
Teguh Wira P, Alm. Muhammad Askolani P, and M. Hafiz P, his beloved younger brothers.
His lovely best friends, Supra Cipto, S.Pd., Sinta Sasmita, Dessyana Nasution, S.Pd., Novita Sari Lubis, Hambali, S.Pd., Yuli Astuti, S.Pd. Husnul Rizky Sitorus and M. Zerdin Raja and all of his friends and classmates in Extension C 2012.
Finally, the writer hopes this thesis would be useful for those who are read
and interested in the field of this study.
Medan, Februari 2017
The Writer
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LIST OF APPENDICES ... viii
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION ... 1
A. The Background of the Study ... 1
B. The Problems of the Study ... 3
C. The Objectives of the Study ... 4
D. The Scope of the Study ... 4
E. The Significances of the Study ... 4
CHAPTER II. REVIEW AND RELATED LITERATURE ... 6
A. Theoretical Framework ... 6
1. Writing ... 6
a. The definition of writing ... 6
b.The Writing Process ... 7
c.Writing assessment ... 9
2. Genre in writing ... 9
3. The Characteristics of Good Writing ... 10
4. Descriptive Text ... 11
a. The definition of descriptive ... 11
b. Guides in writing descriptive text ... 12
1). Social Function ... 12
2). The Generic Structure and Textual Elements ... 13
5. Language Features of Descriptive ... 13
6.Media of Teaching ... 14
7.The Eligibility of Learning Media ... 18
8. Developing Picture for Teaching Writing ... 18
9. Picture as a media ... 20
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b. The Advantages of Using Pictures ... 25
B. Related Studies ... 26
C. Conceptual Framework ... 30
CHAPTER III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ... 33
A. . Research Design ... 33
B. Media Development ... 34
C. The Subject of the Research ... 35
D. The Instruments of Data Collection ... 36
E. Technique of Analysing Data ... 39
CHAPTER IV. RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ... 41
A. Research Findings ... 41
1. The Data Analysis ... 41
2. Designing new media ... 42
3. Validating new media ... 49
4. Revising new media ... 50
5. Revised-developing media (final products). ... 51
B. Discussion ... 56
CHAPTER V.CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 59
A. Conclusion ... 56
B. Suggestions ... 60
REFERENCES ... 61
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LIST OF TABLES
Pages
Table 2.2. The Generic Structure and Textual Elements... 13
Table 3.1. Assessment of Writing... 37
Table 3.2. Interval assessment criteria... 40
Table 4.1 Experts’ validation to operation the media... 49
Table 4.2 Students’ appraisal on testing... 52
Table 4.3 Students’ Writing Score of Pre Test... 53
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LIST OF FIGURES
Pages
Figure 3.1 Diagram of Material Development ... 37
Figure 4.1. The example picture of pet... 43
Figure 4.2. The example sequence picture of pet... 44
Figure 4.3.The squence pictures of parrot... 46
Figure 4.4. The sequence pictures of dog... 46
Figure 4.5. The sequence pictures of rabbit... 47
Figure 4.6. The sequence pictures of cat... 47
Figure 4.7. The sequence pictures of fish... 48
viii
LIST OF APPENDICES
Pages
APPENDIX I... 64
APPENDIX II... 67
APPENDIX III... 76
APPENDIX IV... 80
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writing descriptive, because of the data collected through interview,
questionnaires, and test. The picture is used as media increased the students’
descriptive text writing ability. This increase can be seen from the average
score of pre-test 64,40 up to 82,82 in post-test.
2. Picture which is developed in this study is eligible to be used for teaching
writing descriptive, because the results of validation from the experts is for the
display of sequence picture the average is about 87.5% with category is very
good. The media that is designed in the form of sequence picture of pets
media was very good of students’ interest. It can be seen from the responses
given students through questionnaires, student learning outcomes improved
significantly. Actually, realia is effectively used in the learning process .Using
pictures to teach wrriting is a good innovation since it can stimulate the
students’ interest in writing. Teacher will be more easily to explain in order to
create a descriptive text. Actually , picture is effectively used in the learning
process.
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B. Suggestions
From the conclusion stated above, I suggested the English teachers to use
pictures in teaching writing, especially writing descriptive text, in order that the
students can write more easily. The teacher may use sequence pictures and
coloured pictures to attract the students’ attention.
For further research, I suggest to develop picture in teaching writing
descriptive text because the research proved that picture could stimulate the
students to enrich their vocabulary and other knowledge based on their
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