THE PROBLEMS IN IMPLEMENTING OF COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING (CLT) IN TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS AT AL-QALAM
ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL PROGRAMS OF MAN 3 MALANG
THESIS
By :
KHUTAEMI
06360128
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
THE PROBLEMS IN IMPLEMENTING OF COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING (CLT) IN TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS AT AL-QALAM
ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL PROGRAMS OF MAN 3 MALANG
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve
Sarjana Degree in English Education
By :
KHUTAEMI
06360128
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
iii
MOTTO AND EDUCATION
Sesungguhnya beserta kesukaran itu ada kemudahan. Maka apa bila kamu telah selesai (dari kesulitan) kerjakanlah dengan sungguh- sungguh (urusan) yang lain. Dan hanya
kepada Allah hendakna kamu berharap. (Qs. Alam Nasyah)
Give the best you have for your family, teacher, friends and your society because the best feedback to your self.
ني َلاو ْمكْنم اونماء ني َلا هَّلا عفْ ي
تاج د مّْعْلا اوتوأ
"Surely Allah will exalt those who believe among you and those who were given knowledge (religion) a few degrees."
(Al-Mujaadilah: 11)
Dedication: I dedicated this thesis to :
My beloved father Gaos (alm) and my beloved mother Suhaerah (alm).
iv
The Problems in Implementing of Communicative Language Teaching
(CLT) in Teaching Learning Process at Al-Qalam Islamic Boarding
School Programs of MAN 3 Malang.
ABSTRACT
This study is conducted to describe the teacher's teaching, the problems in teaching learning process, and solution of the problems in implementing of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) approach in teaching speaking.
In this study, the descriptive qualitative research was used to obtain the information related to the research problems. The subjects of this study were teachers and students at boarding school of MAN 3 Malang. The instruments used to collect the data were observation and interview.
The result of this study showed that the teacher used a variety of methods in teaching and learning English speaking using CLT such as discussion, role play, and game. The result of this study also showed the teacher faced some problems in implementing teaching speaking. First, the teacher found some students who had less attention and less participation to the training activity especially in the early morning session. Second, the teacher found out that some students felt embarrassed in
expressing their ideas orally. Third, the teacher’s problem in implementing CLT was
some students’ were not discipline to follow the rules of Ma’had Al-Qalam. One of the rules said that students have to speak bilingual language but in the reality, some
students did not speak in bilingual languages. The last, the teacher’s problem in implementation CLT was passive students.
In coping with the problems of students who had less attention and less participation, the teachers chose the alternative solutions by making group discussion or game suitable to the material. So, students would participate actively. The teacher
gave stimulus to get students’ participation, and keep motivating them to be active
because motivation is one of power in their study in order to develop their skills. In
v
students and gave more attention to them. In this way, the students tended to be more active and they would be able to express their ideas more actively.
The 1st Advisor, The writer
Dra. Erly Wahyuni, M.Si Khutaemi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillah, all praise is to Allah, the merciful and charitable. Because of his guidance, blessing and affection, writer can finish this thesis.
The writer would like to express his deepest gratitude to Dra. Erly Wahuni, M.Si, his first advisor and Ahmad Thohir Yoga, S.Pd,. M.Pd,. M.Ed,. his second advisor, for their suggestion, invaluable guidance and advice during the consultation period and their comment and corrections during the completion of this thesis.
Her sincere graduate and appreciation are extended to their bteacher and headmaster of MAN 3 Malang, headmaster Ma’had Al-Qalam Boarding school of MAN 3 Malang who had given her opportunity to conduct this research.
The writer is deeply grateful to M. Muchlis, S.Pd.I,Abdullah Zubair, and A. Mahfudzi M.S.Th.i. as teacher at ma’had Islamic boarding school of MAN 3 Malang for the permission and cooperative in conducting this research.
vi
Finally, , to my friends Rhea, Rosita, and Ahmad Kahfi (Ka2) whom always have time for me to share in writing this thesis and close friends. And to those cannot be mentioned one by one. May Allah bless them forever…..
Table of Content
CHAPTER II. REVIEW AND RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 The Nature of Teaching Speaking……….. 7
2.2 Approach, Methods, Procedure, and Techniques of Language Teaching……….……..…… 8
2.2.1 Approach………... 8
2.2.2 Method……… 9
vii
2.2.4 Technique………. 9
2.3 Method in Teaching Speaking………... 10
2.3.1 Acting from scrip………... 12
2.3.2 Communication games……….. 12
2.3.3 Discussion………... 12
2.3.4 simulation and role play………... 13
2.4 Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)……… 13
2.4.1 The Principle of CLT……… 14
2.4.2 Features of CLT……….. 15
2.4.3 The Characteristic of CLT………. 15
2.4.4 Procedures of teaching a language through CLT………… 16
viii
4.3 The Problems in Implementing of CLT in Teaching
Learning process……… 29
4.4 The Problems’ solution in Implementing of CLT in Teaching Learning process ……….……… 31
4.5 Discussion………... 33
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 5.1 Conclusion………..……. 36
5.2 Suggestions……….. 37
5.2.1Suggestion for English teacher……….. 37
5.2.2Suggestion for students………. 38
5.2.3Suggestion for further researcher………. 38
i
This thesis written by Khutaemi was approved on February 5
th,
2011.
Advisor II
Advisor I
ii
This thesis was defended in front of the examiners of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of University of Muhammadiyah Malang
and accepted as one of requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education
on February 5th, 2011
Approved by:
Faculty of Teacher Training and Education University of Muhammadiyah Malang
Dean,
Drs. Fauzan, M.Pd
Examiners:
1. Riza Elfana, S.Pd, MA 1………..
2. Drs. Jarum, M.Pd 2………..
iii
MOTTO AND EDUCATION
Sesungguhnya beserta kesukaran itu ada kemudahan. Maka apa bila kamu telah selesai (dari kesulitan) kerjakanlah dengan sungguh- sungguh (urusan) yang lain. Dan hanya
kepada Allah hendakna kamu berharap. (Qs. Alam Nasyah)
Give the best you have for your family, teacher, friends and your society because the best feedback to your self.
ني َلاو ْمكْنم اونماء ني َلا هَّلا عفْ ي
تاج د مّْعْلا اوتوأ
"Surely Allah will exalt those who believe among you and those who were given knowledge (religion) a few degrees."
(Al-Mujaadilah: 11)
Dedication: I dedicated this thesis to :
My beloved father Gaos (alm) and my beloved mother Suhaerah (alm).
iv
The Problems in Implementing of Communicative Language Teaching
(CLT) in Teaching Learning Process at Al-Qalam Islamic Boarding
School Programs of MAN 3 Malang.
ABSTRACT
This study is conducted to describe the teacher's teaching, the problems in teaching learning process, and solution of the problems in implementing of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) approach in teaching speaking.
In this study, the descriptive qualitative research was used to obtain the information related to the research problems. The subjects of this study were teachers and students at boarding school of MAN 3 Malang. The instruments used to collect the data were observation and interview.
The result of this study showed that the teacher used a variety of methods in teaching and learning English speaking using CLT such as discussion, role play, and game. The result of this study also showed the teacher faced some problems in implementing teaching speaking. First, the teacher found some students who had less attention and less participation to the training activity especially in the early morning session. Second, the teacher found out that some students felt embarrassed in
expressing their ideas orally. Third, the teacher’s problem in implementing CLT was
some students’ were not discipline to follow the rules of Ma’had Al-Qalam. One of the rules said that students have to speak bilingual language but in the reality, some
students did not speak in bilingual languages. The last, the teacher’s problem in implementation CLT was passive students.
In coping with the problems of students who had less attention and less participation, the teachers chose the alternative solutions by making group discussion or game suitable to the material. So, students would participate actively. The teacher
gave stimulus to get students’ participation, and keep motivating them to be active
because motivation is one of power in their study in order to develop their skills. In
solving the problem of students’ embarrassed feeling, the teacher asked the students to share with their friends who had more confidence. The teacher asked them to drill themselves to speak English. In order to solve the problems of discipline, the teacher became more active to check the students in their daily activities. The teacher had to be stricter when he or she found out the students who did not speak bilingual language by giving education punishment like memorized the vocabularies or gave the English task. The last, solution for passive students, the teachers approach to the students and gave more attention to them. In this way, the students tended to be more active and they would be able to express their ideas more actively.
The 1st Advisor, The writer
v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillah, all praise is to Allah, the merciful and charitable. Because of his guidance, blessing and affection, writer can finish this thesis.
The writer would like to express his deepest gratitude to Dra. Erly Wahuni, M.Si, his first advisor and Ahmad Thohir Yoga, S.Pd,. M.Pd,. M.Ed,. his second advisor, for their suggestion, invaluable guidance and advice during the consultation period and their comment and corrections during the completion of this thesis.
Her sincere graduate and appreciation are extended to their bteacher and headmaster of MAN 3 Malang, headmaster Ma’had Al-Qalam Boarding school of MAN 3 Malang who had given her opportunity to conduct this research.
The writer is deeply grateful to M. Muchlis, S.Pd.I,Abdullah Zubair, and A. Mahfudzi M.S.Th.i. as teacher at ma’had Islamic boarding school of MAN 3 Malang for the permission and cooperative in conducting this research.
His deepest graduate is also addressed to his beloved family, my uncle, and Dr. Arif Budi Wurianto,M.Si whom always give his great motivation and both spiritual and financial sports and prayer to the writer. he thanks to his lovely Sisilia Florida who has give me support to finished this study.
vi
CHAPTER II. REVIEW AND RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 The Nature of Teaching Speaking……….. 7
2.2 Approach, Methods, Procedure, and Techniques of Language Teaching……….……..…… 8
2.2.1 Approach………... 8
2.2.2 Method……… 9
2.2.3 Procedure ………... 9
2.2.4 Technique………. 9
2.3 Method in Teaching Speaking………... 10
2.3.1 Acting from scrip………... 12
2.3.2 Communication games……….. 12
2.3.3 Discussion………... 12
2.3.4 simulation and role play………... 13
2.4 Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)……… 13
vii
2.4.2 Features of CLT……….. 15
2.4.3 The Characteristic of CLT………. 15
2.4.4 Procedures of teaching a language through CLT………… 16
2.4.5 2.5 The Implementation of Communication Language Teaching (CLT) Approach………. 17
4.3 The Problems in Implementing of CLT in Teaching Learning process……… 29
4.4 The Problems’ solution in Implementing of CLT in Teaching Learning process ……….……… 31
viii
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1 Conclusion………..……. 36
5.2 Suggestions……….. 37
5.2.1Suggestion for English teacher……….. 37
5.2.2Suggestion for students………. 38
5.2.3Suggestion for further researcher………. 38
Bibliography
Arikunto, suharsimi 2002. Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktek. 5th ed. Jakarta: PT Rineka Putra Publisher
Zuria, Nurul. 2002. Penelitian dan Penulisan Karya Ilmiah Bidang Pendidikan. Edisi pertama. Malang: UMM Press.
Weinstein, Carol Simon. 1996. Middle and Second Classroom Management: Lessons from Research and Practice. 3th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill published.
Sanjaya, Wina.2006. Strategi Pembelajaran Berorientasi Standar Proses Pendidikan. Edisi pertama. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group.
Barry M. Franklin. 1998. When Children Don’t Learn: Student Failure and The Culture of Teaching. United States of Amerika: Teacher College Press.
Louis Cohen, Lawrence Manion and Keith Morrison. 2004. A Guide To Teaching Practice. 5th ed. London: RoutledgeFalmer Publisher.
Setiadi, Bambang. 2006. Teaching English as a Foreign Language. The first ed. Yogakarta: Graha Ilmu Published
Karen, Medaker Krisna & Holdsworth. 2001. Model and Strategies for Training Design. USA: International Society for Performance Improvement
Richards, jack Charles and Renandya. 2002. Methodology in Language Teaching: An Anthology of Current Practice. The first ed. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Harmer ,Jeremy. 2007. The practice of English Language Teaching. 4th ed. England: Person Longman.
Richard, Jack Charles and Rodger. T.S. 1986. Approach and Method in Language Teaching. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Johnson, Burke and Christensen, Larry. 2004. Education Research. Boston: Pearson Education, inc
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents of background of study, statement of problems, purpose of study, significance of study, scope and limitation, and definition of key term.
1.1Background of study
English is an international language; it means that it is used for communication among people in this world. Learning and understanding English are not easy as learning and understanding our own language because English is purely a foreign language for us. Learning English has four language skills such as listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Each of those language skills must be mastered by the learner as well as possible.
The writer believes that there are many approaches in teaching English to make students interested in studying English language especially in speaking. Here, the writer wants to research the Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) approach in teaching speaking at Islamic boarding school of MAN 3 Malang. Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) has been known as an approach which is emphasized on
language errors are tolerated and seen as a natural outcome of the development of communication skills. This approach is not suggested to correct students’ error when they speak or communicate a bilingual language. As long as the expression in the target language can be understood by the others and a little errors may be ignored because correction are done when the errors may hinder the understanding of the communication.
Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) 3 Malang is one of the five boarding school models in East Java, Indonesia. MAN 3 Malang is a boarding school which has non-formal program called Ma’had Al-Qalam. Ma’had Al-Qalam offers an educative
program to boost students’ communicative ability, which demands the students using
English and Arabic language in their daily communication. As the learning material,
Ma’had Al-Qalam MAN 3 Malang uses “Welcome to English “(Issue 1 and 2), “Test
your Vocabulary “(Issue 1 and 2), and “Daily Vocabulary” as the primary handbooks
during their language learning activity.
have to speak English in daily communication such as the students should use English for 24 hours in their daily communication as the reflection of CLT approach. In Islamic boarding school has motto in implementing the rules of boarding school as
follow: “Arabic and English is our crown, by Arabic we can master Islamic world
and by English we can master the world”. So this motto support to students will be
more struggles in learning bilingual language.
Rivi (2009) in his study stated that Al-Hikam boarding school had good circumstance to make English environment alone. The students live together in a dormitory all the time. It is the same as in Al-Qalam Islamic boarding school of MAN 3 Malang where the students also live together in a dormitory. In Rivi’s study, it is only focused on speaking context but in this study the researcher focused on a
whole management on English instruction at Ma’had Al-Qalam MAN 3 Malang.
Based on this explanation, the writer is interested in this research because the writer wants to know if this language teaching method can improve students speaking ability or not ,to see the problems faced by teacher in the implementation of CLT and to give solution of the problems. Thus, the writer does this research with the title
“The Problems in Implementing of CLT in Teaching Learning Process at Al-Qalam
Islamic Boarding School Programs of MAN 3 Malang.
1.2the statements of problems
The state problems of this study are formulated as follows:
2. What are the problems in implementing of CLT in teaching learning process at Al-Qalam Islamic boarding school programs of MAN 3 Malang?
3. What are the problems’ solution in implementing of CLT in teaching learning process at Al-Qalam Islamic boarding school programs of MAN 3 Malang
1.3Purpose of Study
Based on the state problem above, the purposes of the study are defined as follows:
1. To know the teachers’ method in implementing of CLT in teaching learning process at Al-Qalam Islamic boarding school program of MAN 3 Malang. 2. To know the problems in implementing of CLT in teaching learning process
at Al-Qalam Islamic boarding school programs of MAN 3 Malang.
3. To give solution to the problems in implementing of CLT in teaching learning process at Al-Qalam Islamic boarding school of MAN 3 Malang.
1.4 Significances of the Study
The Significances of the study are described as follows: 1. For Teacher
2. For Students
The students explore their knowledge in English ability and use their English not only in the school but also in outside the school with their friends.
3. For next Researchers
The writer hopes that other researchers continue the research by doing deeper into the problems.
1.5Scope and Limitation
The scope of this study tries to describe the implementation CLT in teaching learning activities for MAN 3 Malang students. While the limitation of this research is the spoken English used by students living in boarding school of MAN 3 Malang as their daily communication tool which has used the CLT. The writer wants to investigate on the CLT, problems, and the solution of the teacher in teaching learning activities.
1.6Definition of Key Terms 1. Implementation
Implementation is the operational material in the boarding school program which is under control the teacher in learning process in boarding school. Setiadi (2006)
2. Communicative language Teaching (CLT)
3. Speaking
Speaking is used for many different purposes, and each purpose involves different skills. Richard &Renandya (2002)
4. Approach
Approach is a set of assumptions dealing with the nature of language, learning, and teaching. Anthony (1969)
5. Method
An overall plan for systematic presentation of language based on a selected approach. Anthony (1969)
6. Teaching
Teaching is a conscious stream of decisions, made before, during, and after instruction, the implementation of which, will increase the probability that learning will take place.Kauffman (1996)
7. Boarding School
