CUCKOO’S CALLING” AND ITS TRANSLATION VERSION
“DEKUT BURUNG KUKUK”
THESIS
By:
MA’RUF RIFANDA
201110100311079
ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATIONDEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
TRANSLATION SHIFT OF ENGLISH AND BAHASA
INDONESIA NOUN PHRASES IN THE NOVEL “THE
CUCKOO’S CALLING” AND ITS TRANSLATION VERSION
“DEKUT BURUNG KUKUK”
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve
Sarjana Degree in English Language Education
By:
MA’RUF RIFANDA
201110100311079
ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATIONDEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
iii
guidances and love of some people. Therefore, the writer would like to express his
greatest gratitudes and appreciations, especially to:
1. Dr. Hartono, M.Pd. and Mr. Bayu H. W., S.Pd., M.Ed., Ph.D. as his first and
second advisors. Thank you for your suggestions, advices, encouragement
and time during the advising periods. May Alloh always bestow them and
their families His endless blessing. Aamiin.
2. My beloved parents, Mrs. Ninik Suhartatik and Drs. Arif Sjafi’i, M.Pd. who
always pray, give love and compassion, support and encourage me all the
time, especially when I nearly gave up finishing this thesis, and also work
hard so all my needs are fulfilled. Thank you very much. I love you.
3. My sister, Dewi Rizky Wisudawati, A.Md.Keb, and her husband, Arif
Iswahyudi, A.Md.G. Thank you for your support and for providing me the
accomodation while I’m struggling in finishing this thesis.
4. My teacher, advisor, friend and translation tutor, Mr. Riski Lestiono, MA.
Thank you for your suggestions and advices. Without your help, I would
never finish this thesis this fast.
5. My super best friends, Teddy Bagus Alfianto, A.Md.Kom, Faridatus
iv
Ulul Albab, S.ST. Thank you for your time, encouragement, motivations,
kindness and sometimes your treats in buying me a cup of coffee. Your
encouragement is what makes me stronger.
Malang, April 30 2016
v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL ... i
LEGALIZATION ... ii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ... iii
DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY ... iv
ABSTRACT ... v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS ... viii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ... 1
1.1 Background of the Study ... 1
CHAPTER II THE REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ... 7
vi
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ... 22
3.1 Research Design ... 22
3.2 Research Object ... 23
3.3 Data Collection ... 23
3.4 Data Analysis ... 24
CHAPTER IV FINDING AND DISCUSSION ... 25
4.1 Research Finding ... 25
4.1.1 The Types of English and Bahasa Indonesia Noun Phrases ... 25
4.1.1.1 The Types of English Noun Phrase ... 25
4.1.1.2 The Types of Bahasa Indonesia Noun Phrase ... 26
4.1.2 The Types Translation Shift of Noun Phrases of the Novels ... 29
4.2 Discussion ... 31
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 35
5.1 Conclusion ... 35
5.2 Suggestions ... 36
BIBLIOGRAPHIES ... 37
APPENDIX I ... 39
BIBLIOGRAPHIES
Arnold, D. J et all. 1994. MACHINE TRANSLATION, An Introductory Guide. London: NCC Blackwell Ltd.
Ary, Donald. 2010. Introduction to Research in Education (Eighth Edition). USA: WADSWORTH CENGAGE Learning.
Andini, T. M. 2007. Translation Shift Found in the Novel No Greater Love by Danielle Steel. Thesis. Malang: Universitas Muhammadyah Malang.
Baity, Sa’idah. 2014. Translation Shift on Noun and Noun Phrase in Frozen Movie and Its Subtitling. Thesis. Surakarta: Muhammadyah University of Surakarta Press.
Baker, M. 1997. In other words: a Coursebook on Translation. London: Routledge.
Benson, M., Benson, et all. 1997. The BBI dictionary of English Word Combinations. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Carnie, A. 2001. Syntax. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
Catford, J. C. 1978. A Linguistic Theory of Translation: An Essay in Applied Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Creswell, John W. 2009. Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. California: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Joseph. J.E. 2011. The Equivalence and Shift in the Indonesian Translation from English Nominal Collocation. Unpublished thesis. Jakarta: Gunadarma University.
Kusumasari, Indah. 2009. Translational Equivalence of Indonesia Collocations into English.Unpublished Thesis. Jakarta: Gunadarma University.
Larson, M.L. 1984. Modern English: A Practical Reference Guide. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc.
Meilasari, Priska. 2015. The Translating of English Idioms into Indonesian. Unpublished Thesis.Madiun: Catholic University of Widya Mandala Madiun.
Nababan, M.R. 1999. Teori Menerjemah Bahasa Inggris. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Nababan, M.R. 2004. Translation Practices and Products of Professional Indonesia Translation. Unpublised Thesis. New Zealand: Victoria University of Wellington.
Nababan, M. R. 2008. Teori Menerjemah Bahasa Inggris. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Newmark, P. 1988. a Textbook of Translation. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc.
Radford, A. 1988. Transformational Grammar. Great Britain: Cambridge University Press.
Radford, A. 2001. Syntax: a minimalist introduction. Cambridge and New York: Cambrigde University Press.
Rizki, Putri Agung. An Analysis on Indonesian Translated Collocation in Rick Riordan’s Percy Jackson and the Olympians ‘The Battle of the Labyrinth’. Unpublished thesis. Jakarta: State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah.
Sharoff, S. 2004. Harnessing The Lawless: Using Comparable Corpora to Find Translation Equivalents. School of Modern Languages and Cultures, University of Leeds.
Sun, Weiwei, 2015. X-bar Theory.
Utami, Melisa Setya. 2013. Translation Shift of Noun Phrase in the SAFE Movie and Its Subtitling. Thesis. Surakarta: Muhammadyah University of Surakarta Press.
Van Valin, D. R. Jr. 2001. An Introduction to Syntax. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Venuti, L. 2000. The Translation Studies Reader. London & New York: Routledge.
Verhaar, J.W.M. 1993. LINGUISTIK. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-bar_theory accessed on October 8, 2015
https://translate.google.co.id/#en/id/most accessed on January 29, 2016
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
This chapter is written to provide the basic information of the study. It
covers background of the study, statement of problems, purpose of the study,
significance of the study, scope and limitation, and definition of key terms. Each
section is presented below.
1.1 Background of the Study
In solving communication problems between two different languages,
especially in a written form, translation has a very important role to abridge the
words, phrases, or sentences the readers do not understand. It is supported by
Catford (1965: 20) who stated that translation is “the replacement of textual
material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in other language
(TL)”. In other words, translation is an attempt to replace a written message in one
language into another language.
Translation is the solution in understanding books or other materials as
the supporting sources for the development of technology and science. Many
books and materials about technology and science are published in English;
therefore, they should be learned and understood by the people. Thus, translation
provides the translation of those books or materials into the language which can
be understood by the readers; in this case, the Indonesian people with Bahasa
Translation work exists to make the reader easier to get the information
from books written in other different languages but the translation process is not
that easy. Many have thought that if someone learns a language, he/she will be
able to do translation. The fact, however, is not as simple as that because there are
no two languages that are identical (Nida, 2000). In line with that statement, the
translator has to master the linguistic and cultural divergence between the source
text (ST) and the target text (TT).
In translation, there are many changes or shifts. Translation shift is a
change in a word or a phrase from the source text to the target text which contains
the similarity of meaning (Catford, 1978). Change of meaning or shift in
translation sometimes cannot be avoided. In translating, a translator might find
that some shifts of form must be conducted. This is in order to make the
translation result acceptable in TT. Some shifts are also conducted to make the
translation result becomes more aesthetic. This change or shift of form from ST to
TT, in Catford’s theory, is called translation shift.
This study tries to find out the shifts in form and meaning in the Bahasa
Indonesia translation of English noun phrases. This is because the core of
equivalence and shifts are in the form and meaning. Some scholars have discussed
the equivalence and shift phenomenon. Vinay and Dalbenert (2001) state that
equivalence refers to cases where language describes the same situation by the
different stylistic or structural means. Whereas, when the form in ST has a new
form or a different form from the TT, it is called shifts.
The writer is interested to conduct an analysis about translation shifts,
because the linguistic rules of the two languages are significantly different. Based
on the writer’s experience in taking the translation course, many students were
still confused in differentiating the head from the modifier of the English noun
phrases. The reason why the translation students found difficulty in differentiating
the head words of the English and Bahasa Indonesia noun phrases is because
Textbook Inside the Kingdom by Carmen bin Laden”. Pratiwi (2012) conducted a
research of the types of translation shift in the novel “A Textbook Inside the
Kingdom by Carmen bin Laden”.
The difference between this research and the previous researches can be
seen from the translation focus that is not only on noun phrases but also on the
analysis of the way the shift occurs. Another difference is related to the source of
the data. The data source of the previous studies was the novel of “A Textbook
Inside the Kingdom” by Carmen bin Laden and its translation version, while the
data source of this present study is the novel of “The Cuckoo’s Calling by Robert
Galbraith” and its translation version.
Based on the background above, the writer is interested to conduct a
research of translation shift analysis. The writer will analyze the translation shifts
is “Translation shift of the English and Bahasa Indonesia noun phrases in the
novel of “The Cuckoo’s Calling” by Robert Galbarith and the translation version
of “Dekut Burung Kukuk” by Siska Yuanita”.
1.2 Statement of the Problems
Following the statement above, the problems can be formulated as
follows:
1. What are the types English and Bahasa Indonesia noun phrases found in
the novel “The Cuckoo’s Calling” and the translation version “Dekut
Burung Kukuk”?
2. What are the types of translation shifts committed by the translator in
translating English into Bahasa Indonesia noun phrase?
1.3 Purpose of the Study
Based on the problems mentioned above, the purpose of the research are,
as follows:
The result of this study is expected to help readers who are interested in
translation, especially those who intend to learn further about translation shift of
the study also provides further explanation of the classification of translation shift.
Also, it is hoped that this research can be used as a framework for translating
English texts into Bahasa Indonesia, especially the noun phrase.
1.5 Scope and Limitation
This study focuses on the types of the English and Bahasa Indonesia noun
phrases and the translation shifts found in the novel “The Cuckoo’s Calling” by
Robert Galbraith. This study is limited on the category translation shift of English
noun phrases translation and its analysis only in Chapter 1 of novel “The
Cuckoo’s Calling” in which describes the 2nd main character. It is because when
the writer first read this chapter, the writer found that there were many noun
phrases which can be linguistically analyzed in this chapter.
1.6 Definition of the Key Terms
To avoid misunderstanding, the writer provides the definition of key
terms as follows:
Translation isan attempt to replace a written message in one language into
another language (Newmark, 1988). In this study, translation is an attempt
to replace a written message in English language into Bahasa Indonesia.
Noun phrase is a constituent composed of a noun and an article (Van
Valin, 2001). This study analyzed English noun phrases from the novel
“The Cuckoo’s Calling” and Bahasa Indonesia noun phrases from the
novel “Dekut Burung Kukuk”.
Translation shift is the departure from formal correspondence in the
change of form from the English noun phrases into Bahasa Indonesia
translation.
X-Bar theory is a substantive theory of phrase structure properties in
natural languages (Kornai, 1997). It is used because the data will be
analyzed through linguistic analysis.
To sum up, this chapter contains basic information of the study, namely:
background of the study, statement of problems, purpose and significance of the
study, scope and limitation, and the last, the definition of key terms. The
following chapter will present about the review of related literatures which
