Coastal Resouces Assessment On Southeast Salawesi by Using Remote Sensing Techniques. Case Study: Tiwoto Islands And Its Surroundings

THESIS

COAmAL RESOURCES

ASSESSMENT

ON SOUTHEAST

SULAWESI BY USING REMOTE SENSING

TECHNIQUES

Case

Study:

Tiwon, Islands

And

Its Surroundings

H a l i l i

99735/MIT

GRADUATE PROGRAM

BOGOR AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY

INDONESIA

COASTAL RESOURCES ASSESSMENT

O N

SOUTHEAST

SULAWESI

BY

USING REMOTE SENSING

TECHNlQUES

Case

Study:

Tiworo Islands

And

Its Surroundings

'Phc?iis Submitted to

The Gduate Sch~ol of'1k)gor Agticulture University, Indonesia In fulfill of the req uimments fix the degree of

k \ % w of Science in 1nfi)tmation I+echm)logy for N a t d Kesources Management

GRADUATE

PROGRAM

BOGOR

AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY

INDONESIA

Restarch

Titk

:

Coastal Resoumes

Assessment On Southeast Salawesi

by

Using Remote Sensing

Techniques.

Case Study:

Tiwoto Lsbds And Its Surroundings

Student Name

: Halili

Student ID

:

997351MrT

Study

Program

:

Master of

Science

in

Information

Techaobgy

for

Naturnl

Resources

Management

The& approved

by

the

Advisory

Board:

Dr.

ir.

Vhceatias

P.

Sirwa

r

Supervisor

Dr.

Ir.

Joko

Purwanto

Co-supervisor

Chainnan

of the Study

Pro

e\-/

Dr.

Ir. H a e d o b

Coastal Resources Assessment On Southeast Sulawesi

By

Using Remote Sensing Techniques.

Case Study: Tiworo Islands And Its Surrounding

By

HaIiIi

Abstract

Kernore senqing offm the potential to o b w e coastal ecosystem in order to identi@

and

a s s

the

coastal ~wunxs.

'k

study area is

located

in T i m

Islands

and

Its s m u n d i n g , Southeast Sulatwsi kovince. Applying several algorithm and 3-band cobr combination to awss coastal resource include

Mangrove, Coral reef, Suqwnded Sdiment

and

Chlorophyll-a.

The

imagine system ullow li)r either 3-hand color composite images to be

displaywl or on-line algorithm p n ~ e s i n g . Selcstwl R(iR band combinations were

evaluate for their potential to mhanct. coastal

d

marine features of two time

series data. A l(~d or 5 singlc-pass algorithms were developing for on line proc&ng. 'I'wrkliud theme algoriihm were developd fbr mangrove and NDVI; d three -e h e m s wrt dwel~ped fOr suspended solid, water chlorophyll-a and coral reef ecosystem.

The result of data d y w s idicared that utili~~tion several coastal

resources

(exploitation) such as mangmve,

cr~d

reef

and

waters quality has changed envimnmmt's y

ual

i ty. K i / ~ ~ p k ~ r a Sanneratia and Brugeuria dominate the m v e distributions on various formations in T i m Island and Its Swunding.

Cienerrllly

mangrove density sbwed the decreasing of its density in

two yeam period particular on high density. Envinjnrnmt condition of coastal area in the study area also changed with assigning by coml reef category c-.

S e v d algorithms and color comp~sitt: technique have been wed for

coastal

resources in that

area

include water qualities based concentration analysis on chlomphyll-a

and

suspmdd solid n f I d w t 'I'M data that dominant on shallow

water, however that waters ~ ~ : c u m e d high-suspended

solid,

Chlorophyll-a concentration

also

influenced by ocem>graphy phenomenon in the waters

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Many

individuals ruwl _{orgmimtion a~ntrihuled in} different ways to the successful completion o r this thesis and 1 rcvuld like to take the opportunity to express my gratitude to them.

Firsily, I would like a) gritef'ul t h m b lo Al1i1l-1 swt for hlaxing me, and

g n r e M m f i ~ r my pmnk and me krtutiful

wifk.

l'atmawati also my handsome

kid, -1

and

Abrnr for their mcouragemnt. patient, prays, and love.

I w u l d like to express my sincere appreciation to

Dr.

Ir. Vincentius

P.

Siregar,

nE&

and Dr.

Ir. Joko I'urwanto, IIEA for their advisory, guidance, and encouragement

fix

finishing this mearch. I am alm most gatell to the M T

program

and

CLiPI-IJCII

(C'ullah~rative I.:nvirnnment Project in

Indonesia-

University Consortium I lnvinmmcmt) Canada) my spwwcship, for giving me the

(~pprtunity to joint this study pnlgram.

My

special thank t o Ik. i'im I&hkock and IXsy Susanto as Coodimtor

and

wcx-emy of CE.:PI-UC'I:. d ~ ) gave me lhtt chance to carry out this research by sharing their excellent suggestion and managed my scholarship. I am thankful to Ir. Abdul Manan, MSc as I

kd

01' Center I hvirrjnmmt Study of FIaluoleo

IJniversity as om of' I Jniversilies that uollnhnratd to CEPI-IJC'E, gave me

clpportunity

.

I am also thankful u, Mr. Ilclmi l i ~ r his sharing knowledge and his guiding

in

mastering Remote Smsi ng applicrrl ion.

I will

not

forget to afl my M k cr~llmgues. 'Ihanks a lot lbr Mas Mulyadi for his sate Ciawi. To my 24 hours puRn~7 in the Remote Sensing md GIs lab of ha,

1% Nyoman, Mm 13udi

and

Agung (1 'm _{appreciate for your laughing). Also}

h r b to my junior colleague Nani. lkwi

and

Idung. 1'0 my overseas partner, I'alm for your kindness relalionship.

I am grateful to Joemar (iorvdes

and

M d a m Imelda for checking and proof reading my thesis, also for t k i r positive influence on my English.

A

special

thank you for Mr. &tia 13udi and &Ian (I kolab slaffof Biotrop) at _their

discussion on Remote Sensing application cases. Also I would like to

thank

all MI'T stafF _{and o hthat no1 mentioned here by name that contributed in their}

way to the successful of this thesis.

Finttlly, I dedicated this t h i s to my college at IJnhaIu Kendari, and my lovely

Table o f Contents

l k f x e Abstract

Acht~wledgments

'Table

of

_Contents

1,ist of Figures

1 .is1 of Tahks I .is1 of Appendix

1. Introduction

1. t , I3ackground

1 -2. Objectivtx 1.3, Strategic Issued 1.4. l'rohlems

2.1. Coastal Ecosystem

2.2, Cam1 I Iabitar

2.3. Small I s h d s

2.4. RemoteSersiing

2.5. Description of Study Area

3. Material and Methods

3.1.

Time

And Location

3.1.1. Image a d Supponing l h t a

3.1.2. R e q u i d '1'0015

3.2. Meth~xlology

3.2. I . Image i'n~cessit~g 3.2.2. IrnageArulysih 3.2.3 Ground 'l'ruth

4. Rmult and Discussion

4.1. Dab processing

4.1.1, Radiometric ('c~nection 4.1.2. Cmmetric Glrrection 4.2, Field Ilata Awilysis

4.3. Image Analysis

4.3.1. Mangmve 1 kc~system

4.3.2. Distrihuti~m zlnd Condition of'Coral Reef

4.3.3. Sea Bottom I:raturc: Cover

4.3.4 Waters Qwliiics

4.4. Ihta Validation

[image:6.530.71.390.99.665.2]

5. Conclusions And Recommends tions

5.1. Conclucions 5.2. Recornrnedat ions

l.ist o i Figures

Fig. I .

Fig. 2.

Fig, 3. Fig. 4. Fig. 5 .

Fig. 7.

Fig. 13

Fig, 14

Fig. 15

Fig. 16

Fig. 17

Fig. 18

Fig. 19

Fig. 20

Fig. 2 1

Fig. 22 Fig. 23 Fig. 24 Fig. 25

Fig. 26

'Ihe

Effect of Light 'Tmsmissic~n thmugh Water Bodies Study Area Ihwd on I d.wt-'I'M Image

Study Area Map

Flow Direction of Mehdology

Illustration of Campy I knsity of' Mangrr~ve arid NDVI Range

Value

Sketch of Coral Iieef nrd Mangrove Sampling Method base on I d s a t 'I'M Kewlulion

Atmospheric Corrtstir~n o f ' I d u t - ' I ' M 1% Acquired Augusz 14 1 9 8

'l'ransforrnation Uurvt: r ~ l ' the Imge I,andsut-'I'M Data of 13arad 1, A c q u i d August 1 4 1 V08

Contml Points fbr

<

ieometric Corrwtit~n of 1,dsat-'I'M ,

Acquired Nov. 1 1 200H

Coral Reef Ctmlition fhwd on I.ifi Form Percentage Covaring Study Area

I

d

C ' O V ~ I3a.d on I mdsat-I'M I)a& July 14 1998

Study Area I and C'tlver Iktwrl on I mdsrlt-I'M Ilata, Nov. I 1 2000

Mangmve I>isrrihution Ibud on I d s a t - I ' M

Mmgrlwe IXstrihution in 'l'iwggea I k L 4 on f m&t-'I'M Rzuad Composite 5.4,2 ol' I mdsat-'I'M. 1998

und

2000

in

Tinanggeu

One of Type Mangrove Appearance in 'I'iwon) Islands

Mangrove Area in 'I iwlrtl Islands on I .andsat-TM Data, 1998

and 2000

I.Iistogram Mangrove Condition Ikud on I mdsat-TM 1 998

and 2000

Mangrove Density I

kwd

on NIlVI Value in Ti w ro Islands and Its Surrounding on 1 99 ₈

Mangrove Dmsity Ihwd on NDVI Value in Iiworo Islands

and

Its Surmunding on 1998

Mangrove M s i t y in I h i a on 1 998 and 2000 I h t a Mangrove Density in 'l'inanggea on 1998 and 2000 Data

Mangrove Density in 'l'iwvr,n) on 1998

and

2000 Data

Mangrove D m s i t y in 'l'ohw on 1998 and 2000 Data

Unutilizd of Fishpond in t 'imggea

Coral Reef Mstribution in 'l'iwr)m Islands and Its Surroundings

List o i Figures (cont.)

F i g 27

I'ig. 27a

Fig. 29a

Fig. 29b

Fig. 2Yc

I'ig. 30

Fig. 3 1

Fig. 32

Fig. 33

Coral

Reef JXstrihution in 'l'iw~ro Islands and Its Surroundings

1

- on lmdsut-'I'M 1 h m 2tK)O

Coral Reef Distribution in Miginti Islands and Its Sum~undings

fhd on Imdwt-'I'M 1)it:l

Coml I<-f

l

Xstributicln in ' I ' i w r c ~ IsIrrnJs Uompkx h i e d on

L A M - ' I ' M I h U

Con1 Reef Ilistrihution in 'I'oka Islands f h s d on Imdsat-'W

[hta

Ilistogram of Cord R c ~ f l > i ~ ~ r i h u t i o n 1kwd on Landsat IM

t Xstrihution (1 f. C h g i n g k a 1 k)uom Covering Uategories lkwd on I a d s a t - ' I % l on 1996 and 2000 Classification in 'I'iwm) Islands md I t s Surrounding

Ihtribution of C'ahnging Sea lbtlorn Covering Categories

&wed on I d w - ' f M in - [ ' o h Island

IXstrihution oTC:hanging Sea Ik)ltom Cover Ikwd on I d s a t -

'IM in ?'iwnro Islmd~ Vomptex

IXstrihution of'c'ahnging Sea Ik~ttclrn Cover f3asd on I d s a t - 'I'M in Maginti IsIamls and Its Sm~unding

Suspend Solid flistrihution in 'I'iw~m Islands md Its Surmunding 13a.d on 1 d . w t - ' I M Jhta 1996

Suspnd Solid Ilistrihution in 'l'iworn Islands and Its Smunding Ihwl o n I ;uxlw;llt-'I'M I)& 2000 Chlorophyll-a I)istrihu~ion in -I'iwt~n> Islrinds and I t s Sumlunrling I b d on I amil;rl~-'I'M 1 Yitm 1 996

[image:9.530.76.448.128.480.2]

2. 1 Iistograrn Adjuqmnt o t' _{Atmospheric Scattering C'orrwtion} I d s a t -

'lM

1996, 1998 and 2000

3. Coral Reef Fkosystem 1 .ocatiodStaliom Sampling

4. 'I'hematic Mapper Spxtral I hnd s of 1 mdsat-'I'M

5. I dCover 13ad on Image Classification on Tiworn Islands

aml

Its

Surrounding in 1998 luK1 2000

6 . T h e ~ o f M ~ ~ v e 1 3 a w d o n I ~ ~ i t y l e v e l a n d Ratio inTiwuro

Islands and Its Surn~unrl ing

7. Utilkaions of Mangrove Rest)urces in Northward of Muna Island 8. Sea Bottom 1:errtures Cover in I'iwm) I s l d

a d

_{Its Surroundings}

According to Image h l y s i s in 1996 and 2000

9. AcreageofC'hanging~a1k~~toml:rat~sCoverClategoriesIhdon