1. INTRODUCTION
1.1The Background of Study
Literature is creative expression of human imagination or wishes that it is almost impossible to create an exact definition of it. Wellek& Warren (1971:3) say that literature is the mirror of human life that portrays „human feeling, thought, imagination and perception which can be viewed based on personal judgment.
Literature can be divided into three genres, such as prose fiction, poetry and drama. In the sense of literary, prose also called fiction, narrative text, or narrative discourse. Fiction is a narrative work that tells something that is imaginary, something that does not exist and happen in the real world. As a work of imaginary, fiction directs various problems of man and humanity, life and living. Fiction tells the various problems of human life in the interactions with the environment and others. Fiction is the result of dialogue, contemplation, and reactions to the environment and the life of the author.
Novel is fictional prose narrative of considerable length, typically having a plot that is unfolded by the actions, speech and thoughts of the characters. Novel, nearly always an extended fictional prose narrative, although some novel are very short, some are non fictional, some have been written in verse and some not even tell a story, novel is fictitious kind of writing.
way. This means that novels are not real in life. Like all works of art poems, plays, pots or pieces of music – they have been constructed or crafted.
In this paper the writer just explains one of five elements, just focuses on theme. Stanton (1965: 20) and Kenny (1966: 88) say that the meaning contained by a story. But there are many meanings conceived and offered by the story (the novel),
then the problem is a special meaning which can be expressed as the theme.
Hartoko and Rahmanto (1986: 142) say that the theme is the ideas of common
bases that sustains a work of literature and are contained in the text semantic structure
regarding commonality or differences.” Themes distilled from the motifs contained in
the relevant work that determines the presence of events.
Theme is the main idea that the writer expresses. Theme can also be defined
as the underlying meaning of the story. Theme is another prime element of literature,
which contains the central idea of all literary forms such as a novel, drama and short
story. It reflects innocence, experience, live, death, reality, fate, madness, sanity, love,
society, individual, etc.
Nurgiyantoro, (1965: 70) says that theme is a meaning of story which
especially explains a big part of its elements in the simple way. It is more or less
synonymous the central idea and central purpose.
Themes can be classified into several different categories depending on the
terms of which it is done. Categorization of themes that will be presented below is
based on the classification of 3 dikhotomis perspective that is both traditional theme
and non traditional theme, seen from the classification level of experience shipley
Egoic Level, and Theme Divine Level, and the classification of the level of primacy
are Main Theme or Major Theme and Additional Themes or Minor Theme.
In this paper, the writer is interested to described themes and the types of
themes a novel which entitled The Winner Stands Alone. The Winner Stands Alone
is a book which fills the reader with impending darkness. The portrayal of the world of glamour, largely realistic, is very depressing. It is depicted as an arena in which under the glimmer of stars, what exists is deep darkness, an abyss of depression from which no return is possible. Gabriela, an aspiring and aging actress, and Jasmine, a young and wise model are the characters who are used to convey this aspect of the story, though in a very repetitive fashion. The author uses these 5 characters to narrate a story of people chasing their dreams.
The writer is interested in analyzing the theme used in the novel because it can show the main idea that the writer expresses in the novel. The story is about an old man decided to win his love again afer two years their separation, he wants to get her back. He calls himself to be on a „mission of love‟, a mission that requires sacrifices- murders. Set against the backdrop of glitz and glamour of the world‟s most famous film festival, what then ensues is a tale of „extraordinary violence‟, lasting just under 24 hours, revealing the evil which hides in each
human soul and busting the myths associated with the world of celebrities. 1.2 The Scope of Study
scope of study is limited only describing the theme is pictured based on The Winner Stands AloneNovel.
1.3 The Problem of Study
How is theme written by Paulo Coelho in the novel The Winner Stands Alone?
1.4 The Objective of Study
The purpose of writing this paper is to find out the theme of the novel The Winner Stands Alone.
1.5 The Significance of Study
The Significance of Study is divide into two sections, they are:
a) Theoretical Significance, the study can be used to enrich the literary study especially in theme.
b) Practical Significance, the reader will understand about theme in a novel and the reader will know the story in the The Winner Stands Alone novel. 1.6The Method of Study
Conclusion Method of Study’s Chart
The Writer Source of Data
- Novel “The Winner Stands Alone” - Books
- Internet
The data in words, texts, and quotations.
