PENGARUH INVESTASI TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA TERHADAP RETURN ON INVESTMENT (ROI)
MELALUI INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL PADA PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN DI INDONESIA (BEI)
ABSTRAK
Perusahaan berbasis pengetahuan menciptakan keunggulan kompetitif dengan memanfaatkan kemajuan teknologi dan tenaga-tenaga terampil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh investasi teknologi informasi dan sumber daya manusia terhadap Return on Investment (ROI) melalui Intellectual Capital untuk periode 2008-2012. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Menurut tingkat eksplanasinya jenis penelitian ini bersifat kausal komparatif. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa laporan keuangan perusahaan perbankan di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh perusahaan sektor perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) sebanyak 32 perusahaan sebagai sampel dalam periode 5 tahun pengamatan. Dari 160 sampel pengamatan diambil sebanyak 151 sampel pengamatan yang memenuhi syarat yang ditentukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis Partial Least Square (PLS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan investasi teknologi informasi (TI) berpengaruh postif dan sumber daya manusia (SDM) berpengaruh negatif dan keduanya berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap Return on Investment (ROI). Investasi teknologi informasi (TI) dan sumber daya manusia (SDM) berpengaruh positif terhadap Intellectual Capital (IC) tetapi tidak signifikan. Pengaruh total effect dan indirect effect diketahui bahwa secara statistik berpengaruh positif dan signifikan investasi teknologi informasi (TI) dan sumber daya manusia (SDM) terhadap Return on Investment (ROI) melalui Intellectual Capital (IC). Hanya VAHU sebagai variabel indikator Intellectual Capital (IC) memiliki nilai T-statistik signifikan untuk menjelaskan konstruk VAICTM.
Kata kunci : Investasi, teknologi informasi, sumber daya manusia, Intellectual Capital, Return on Investment (ROI).
THE INFLUENCE OF THE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND HUMAN RESOURCES INVESTMENT ON THE RETURN ON
INVESTMENT THROUGH INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL IN THE BANKING COMPANY IN INDONESIA (IDX)
ABSTRACT
Knowledge-based company creates the competitive exellence by utilizing technology development and skilled personnel. This study was aimed at testing and analyzing the influence of information technology and human resources investment on the Return on Investment (ROI) through Intellectual Capital for the period of 2008-2012. The data used in this quantitaive causal comparative study were the secondary data in the form of financial reports of the banking companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The population of this study was all of the banking companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) and 32 companies were selected to be the samples for this study within the period of 5 years. Of the 160 samples of observation, 151 met the requirements set through purposive sampling method. The data obtained were analyzed through Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis. The result of this study showed that the information technology investment had positive influence and human resources investment had negative influence and both of them had insignificant influence on the Return on Investment (ROI). Information technology and human resources investment had positive but insignificant influence on Intellectual Capital. It was found out that statistically total effect and indirect effect had positive and significant influence on information technology and human resources investment had influence on Return on Investment (ROI) through Intellectual Capital (IC). Only VAHU as the variable of the indicator of Intellectual Capital (IC) had statistically significant T value to explain the construct of VAICTM.
Keywords: Investment, Information Technology, Human Resources, Intellectual Capital, Return on Investment
