1
EVY YULIANTI
Getting Energy From Food
Not responsible
for:
Getting Energy From Food 3
What are the major pathways of
metabolism of our principal
energy sources?
Carbohydrates
Fats
Protein
What are the end-products?
Figure 3-33
How is energy transferred to ATP?
Substrate-level phosphorylation
Chemiosmotic phosphorylation
How is energy of ATP used?
Getting Energy From Food 5
What are Functions of NAD, NADP, FAD?
Electron carriers
Oxidation / reduction reactions
NAD and catabolic reactions
-- substrate oxidation
-- H- used for ATP synthesis
NADP and anabolic reactions
-- substrate reduction
Overview of Carbohydrate Catabolism
You are expected to be familiar with the:
•
functions and metabolic relationships between:
Glycolysis Fermentation Transition reaction Krebs (TCA) cycle Electron transport
• and their cellular locations
Getting Energy From Food 7
Overview of Glycolysis
Substrate-level phosphorylation
vs
How does fermentation allow cells to
produce ATP in the absence of
oxygen?
-- detoxifying of pyruvate
-- regeneration of NAD
How long can this go on…?
What happens to the lactate?
Cori-cycle (a little physiology)
Getting Energy From Food 9
Oxidation of Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA
The Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex
-- huge
-- highly regulated
Activators:
ADP, NAD, CoA
Inhibitors:
How are triglycerides oxidized?
Fatty acids and glycerol
Beta-oxidation
1 FADH & 1 NADH / acCoA
How many FADH and NADH would be produced from a 16
Getting Energy From Food 11
Using NADH to make ATP
Electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation
From glucose
Glycolysis ATP yield
____ NADH x ____ ATP _______
____ ATP _______
Transition Rx
____ NADH x ____ ATP x 2 pyr _______ Krebs cycle
____ NADH x ____ ATP x 2 pyr _______ ____ FADH x ____ ATP x 2 pyr _______ ____ GTP x ____ ATP x 2 pyr _______
Total 30
From a 12 carbon fatty acid
B-oxidation ATP yield
____ FADH x ____ ATP x 6 acCoA _______ ____ NADH x ____ ATP x 6 acCoA _______ Krebs cycle
____ NADH x ____ ATP x 6 acCoA _______ ____ FADH x ____ ATP x 6 acCoA _______ ____ GTP x ____ ATP x 6 acCoA _______
Total 84
Getting Energy From Food 13
What are the
Dominant Absorptive Reactions:
