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TABLE OF CONTENT
APPROVAL PAGE ... i
DECLARATION ... ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... iii
ABSTRACT ... iv
TABLE OF CONTENT ... v
LIST OF TABLES ... ix
LIST OF FIGURES ... x
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ... 1
1.1. Introduction ... 1
1.2. Background of the study ... 1
1.3. Research questions ... 4
1.4. Purpose of the study ... 4
1.5. Scope of the study ... 5
1.6. Significance of the study ... 5
1.7. Definition of the key terms ... 6
1.8. Organization of the thesis ... 7
CHAPTER TWO: THEORY OF TEACHERS’ STRATEGIES IN TEACHING READING COMPREHENSION AND STUDENTS’ RESPONSES ... 8
2.1. Introduction ... 8
2.2. The Nature of Reading ... 8
2.3. Reading Comprehension ... 12
2.4. The Strategies of Reading Comprehension ... 15
2.5. The Strategies of Teaching Reading Comprehension ... 17
2.6. The Role of Students’ Responses in Learning ... 20
2.7. The Related Previous Research ... 22
2.8. Concluding Remark ... 25
CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY ... 26
3.1. Introduction ... 26
3.2. Research Stages ... 26
3.2.1. Preliminary Research ... 26
3.2.2. Research Design ... 26
3.2.3. Research Schedule ... 27
3.3. Research Site ... 28
3.4. Research Participants ... 28
3.5. Data Collection Techniques ... 29
3.6.1. Classroom Observation ... 29
3.6.2. Questionnaire ... 31
3.6.3. Interview ... 32
3.6. Data Analysis ... 34
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CHAPTER FOUR: RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS ... 38
4.1. Introduction ... 38
4.2. Classroom Observation Data ... 38
4.2.1. The Teachers’ Strategies in Teaching Reading Comprehension ... 38
4.2.1.1. Pre-Reading Stage ... 39
1. Brainstorming ... 39
2. Encouraging the Use of Dictionary ... 40
3. Discussing Text Types ... 40
4. Predicting ... 41
4.2.1.2. While-Reading Stage ... 41
1. Reading Aloud ... 42
2. Rereading for Checking Comprehension ... 43
3. Direct Reading Activity ... 43
4. Discussing of Unknown words ... 44
5. Retelling the Text ... 45
4.3.1.3. Post-Reading Stage ... 46
1. Evaluating Comprehension ... 46
2. Clarifying and Justifying ... 47
3. Asking Questions for Specific Information ... 47
4. Reviewing ... 48
5. Assignment and Following-up Activity ... 49
4.2.2. Students’ Responses toward Their Strategies in Teaching Reading Comprehension ... 51
4.3. Interview Data Prior to Classroom Observation ... 52
4.3.1. Teachers’ Definition of Reading Comprehension ... 52
4.3.2. The purpose of Teaching Reading Comprehension ... 53
4.3.3. The Meaning of Strategy in Teaching Reading comprehension ... 54
4.3.4. The Stages and Strategies in Teaching Reading Comprehension ... 55
4.3.4.1. Pre-Reading Activities ... 55
4.3.4.2. While-Reading Activities ... 56
4.3.4.3. Post-Reading Activities ... 56
4.4. Interview Data after Classroom Observation ... 58
4.4.1. Pre-Reading Stage ... 58
4.4.2. While-Reading Stage ... 61
4.4.3. Post Reading Stage ... 64
4.5. Data from Questionnaire ... 68
4.5.1. Students’ Responses to the Teachers’ Preparation and Activating Students’ Background Knowledge ... 68
4.5.2. Students’ Responses to Teachers’ Instructions to Read the text ... 69
4.5.3. Students’ Responses to the Teachers’ Strategies to help students in understanding the text ... 70
4.5.4. Students’ Responses to Teachers’ Strategies to Cultivate Vocabulary, to Use Dictionary and other Teaching Aids ... 70
4.5.5. Students’ Responses to the Teachers’ Strategy to Do the Tasks ... 71
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4.6. Concluding Remark ... 73
CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ... 74
5.1. Introduction ... 74
5.2. Conclusions ... 74
5.3. Recommendations ... 76
BIBLIOGRAPHY ... 78
APPENDICES ... 82
Appendix 1. Instruments ... 82
Appendix 1.1. The Outline of Research Instruments ... 82
Appendix 1.2. The Form of Classroom Observation Fields Notes ... 84
Appendix 1.3. Instrument Interview before Observation ... 85
Appendix 1.4. Instrument Observation Checklist ... 86
Appendix 1.5. Instrument of Questionnaire ... 88
Appendix 1.6. Instrument of Interview after Observation (T1)... 91
Appendix 1.7. Instrument of Interview after Observation (T2)... 92
Appendix 1.8. Instrument of Interview after Observation (T3)... 93
Appendix 2. The Transcription of Interview before Observation ... 94
Appendix 2.1. Transcription of Interview (T1)… ... 94
Appendix 2.2. Transcription of Interview (T2) ... 95
Appendix 2.3. Transcription of Interview (T3) ... 96
Appendix 3. The Transcription of Classroom Observation ... 98
Appendix 3.1. The Transcription of Classroom Observation (T1) ... 98
Appendix 4. Classroom Observation Checklist ...102
Appendix 5. Field Notes Classroom Observation ...104
Appendix 5.1. Field Notes Classroom Observation (T1) ...104
Appendix 5.2. Field Notes Classroom Observation (T2) ...107
Appendix 5.3. Field Notes Classroom Observation (T3) ...109
Appendix 6. The Mapping of Classroom Observation ...112
Appendix 7. Transcription of Interview after Observation ...118
Appendix 7.1.Transcription of Interview after Observation (T1) ...118
Appendix 7.2.Transcription of Interview after Observation (T2) ...120
Appendix 7.3.Transcription of Interview after Observation (T3) ...122
Appendix 8. Data Tabulation of Questionnaire ...124
Appendix 9. The Students’ Response on the Questionnaire Items ...128
Appendix 10. Recommendations to do the Research ...131
Appendix 11. Data of the Research Field ...134
