TABLE OF CONTENT
1.2. The Research Questions………... 7
1.3. The Aims of Study……….. 7
1.4. The Significance of Study……….. 7
1.5. Scope of Study……… 8
1.6. Definition of Terms………. 8
1.7. Organization of the Paper……….. 9
CHAPTER II: THE THEORETICAL FOUNDATION: THE USE OF PICTURE BOOKS IN IMPROVING COLLEGE STUDENTS’ WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT 2.1. The Nature and the Process of Writing………... 11
2.2. The Visual Aid Pictures in English Learning……….. 18
2.3. Pictures……… 19
2.3.1. The Term of Pictures……….. 19
2.3.2. Types of Pictures……… 20
2.3.3. Activities Using Pictures………... 21
2.4. Pictures for Language Learning……… 22
2.5. Picture and Creative Writing……….. 23
2.6. Picture Books Serve as Writing Models………... 25
2.7.1. The Characteristics of a Narrative Text... 31
2.7.1.1. Social Function of Narrative……….. 31
2.7.1.2. Schematic Structures of Narrative……… 32
2.7.1.3. Linguistic Features of Narrative Text………… 34
2.7.1.4. The Reason for Writing a Narrative Text……. 36
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1. Methodology……….. 38
3.1.1. The Purposes of the Study and Research Questions…. 38 3.1.2. The Research Design……… 39
3.1.3. The Research Site……….. 40
3.1.4. The research Participants……….. 40
3.2. Data Collection Technique……… 41
3.2.1. Classroom Observation……….. 41
3.2.2. Interviews……….. 43
3.2.2.1. Interview with the Lecturer……… 44
3.2.2.2. Interview with the Students……….. 45
3.2.3. Students’ Work (Narrative Text)………... 46
3.3. The Data Analysis………. 46
3.3.1. Analysis of Data from Observation……….. 47
3.3.2. Analysis of Data from Interviews……….. 47
3.3.3. Analysis of Data from Students’ Text……….. 48
4.1. The Data from Observation……….. 50
4.2. The Data from Interview……… 58
4.2.1. The Students’ Interview ……… 58
4.2.1.1. The Students’ Responses toward the Use of Picture Books………... 58
4.2.2. The Lecturer’s Interview……... 64
4.2.2.1. The lecturer’s Opinion on the development of Students’ Writing as Shown in the Text Produced Over the Program………. 64
4.3. The Data from Students’ Text……….. 66
4.3.1. The Analysis of Social Function……… 68
4.3.2. The Analysis of Schematic Structure……….. 73
4.3.2.1. Text 1, 2, 3 and 4 (S1 and S2)……….. 73
4.3.2.2. Text 5, 6, 7, and 8 (S3 and S4)……… 77
4.3.2.3. Text 9, 10, 11 and 12 (S5 and S6)……… 80
4.3.3. The Analysis of Linguistic Features……… 83
4.3.3.1. Analysis of Text 1, 2, 3 and 4(S1 and S2)…….. 83
4.3.3.2. Analysis of Text 5, 6, 7, and 8 (S3 and S4)…… 90
4.3.3.3. Analysis of Text 9, 10, 11 and 12 (S5 and S6)... 97
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 5.1. The Conclusion……….. 103
5.2. Suggestions……… 107
REFERENCES……… 108
