S ING 1005900 Table of content

(1)

Kamelia Paska Rusmana, 2015

RECIPROCAL TEACHING STRATEGY AND STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE OF APPROVAL………..i

STATEMENT OF AUTHORIZATION………..ii

PREFACE………...………...……iii

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS………iv

ABSTRACT………..vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS………vii

LIST OF TABLES………...xii

LIST OF FIGURES………...…….xiii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION……….1

1.1Background of the Research………..1

1.2Statement of the problems……….……3

1.3Aims of the Research………...…………..3

1.4Scope of the Research………...….3

1.5Hypothesis……….……….3

1.6Significance of the Research………..4

1.7Clarification of Terms………5

1.8Organization of the Paper………...6

CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW………..…..7

2.1 Reading………....…...7

2.1.1 Definition of Reading……….7

(2)

2.1.2.1 The Purpose of Reading Comprehension………...11

2.2 Teaching Reading Method………...12

2.2.1 Reciprocal Teaching Strategy………...12

2.2.1.1 The Main Principle of Reciprocal Teaching…………...12

2.2.1.2 The Four Strategies of Reciprocal Teaching………..15

2.2.1.3 The Implementation of Reciprocal Teaching Strategy…..16

2.2.1.4 The Benefits of Reciprocal Teaching Strategy…………..17

2.2.2 Question Answer Relationship (QAR)……….18

2.2.2.1 The Concept of QAR……….18

2.3 Narrative Text………..20

2.3.1 The Definition of Narrative Text………..20

2.3.2 The Generic Structure of Narrative Text………...……...21

2.3.3 Language Features of Narrative Text………22

2.4 Review of Previous Studies ………....23

CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY………26

3.1 Research Design………...26

3.1.1 Variable……….27

3.1.2 Hypothesis……….28

3.2 Data Collections………...28

(3)

3.2.2 Research Instruments………29

3.3 Research Procedure………..30

3.3.1 Organizing Teaching Procedure………30

3.3.2 Organizing Research Instruments……….30

3.3.3 Testing the Validity and Reliability of Pre-test and Post-test through Pilot-test………30

3.3.4 Administering Pre-test………...…...30

3.3.5 Conducting the Treatment……….31

3.3.6 Administering Post-test……….40

3.3.7 Conducting Questionnaire……….40

3.4 Data Analysis………...40

3.4.1 Scoring Technique………....40

3.4.2 The Validity Test of Pilot-test………...40

3.4.3 The Reliability Test of Pilot-test………...41

3.4.4 The Difficulty Index………..42

3.4.5 Data Analysis on the Pre-test and Post-test Scores………...42

3.4.5.1 The Normal Distribution Test………42

3.4.5.2 Homogeneity of Variance Test………..43

3.4.5.3 Independent T-test………..44

(4)

3.4.5.5 The Calculation of Effect Size………...45

3.4.6 Data Analysis of the Questionnaire………...46

CHAPTER IV: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS………48

4.1 Findings………48

4.1.1 Findings from Pilot-test……….48

4.1.1.1. The Validity of the Test………48

4.1.1.2. The Reliability of the Test……….50

4.1.1.3. The Difficulty Index of the Test………51

4.1.2. Findings from Pre-test……….53

4.1.2.1. The Normal Distribution Test………...54

4.1.2.2. The Homogeneity of Variance Test………..55

4.1.2.3. The Independent T-test Analysis………...……...55

4.1.3 Findings from Post-test……….56

4.1.3.1 The Normal Distribution Test………57

4.1.3.2 The Homogeneity of Variance Test………...58

4.1.3.3 The Independent T-test Analysis………...59

4.1.3.4 The Dependent T-test Analysis………..60

4.1.3.5 The Calculation of Effect Size Analysis………61

4.1.4 Findings from the Questionnaire……….62

(5)

CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS……….71

5.1 Conclusions………..71

5.2 Suggestions………...72

BIBLIOGRAPHY………74

(6)

LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1……….19

(7)

Table 4.10………...57

Table 4.11………...58

Table 4.12………...59

Table 4.13………...61

Table 4.14………...62

LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3.1 An Example of Students’ Prediction………35

Figure 3.2 An Example of Student’s Clarifying and Questioning……… ………36

Figure 3.3 An Example of Student’s Summary of Narrative text………..37