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Humanities across Histories and Trajectories in the Glocal Contexts Humanities across Histories and Trajectories in the Glocal Contexts



Qonita Camelia A. Maula

THE IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION THROUGH KINSHIP ADDRESS TERM IN MALANG

(KOTA & KABUPATEN)

Qonita Camelia A. Maula

‹˜‡”•‹–ƒ•ƒ†ŒƒŠƒ†ƒ

ƒ‹Žǣ“‘‹–ƒ…ƒ‡Ž‹ƒ̷ƒ‹ŽǤ—‰Ǥƒ…Ǥ‹†

Abstract: Š‹• •–—†› ‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‡• –Š‡ ‹†‡–‹–› …‘•–”—…–‹‘ •‡‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡

Ž‡š‹…‘ •Š‹ˆ– ‘ˆ ‹•Š‹’ ƒ††”‡•• –‡”• ‹Kota ƒŽƒ‰ ƒ†Kabupaten ƒŽƒ‰Ǥ

‹‹‰ –‘ —˜‡‹Ž –Š‡ ’”‘‰”‡•• ‘ˆ ‹•Š‹’ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ ˆƒ–Š‡”ǡ ‘–Š‡”ǡ

‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”ǡƒ†‰”ƒ†‘–Š‡”‹ƒˆƒ‹Ž›–‘‘„–ƒ‹–Š‡”‡ˆŽ‡…–‡†‹†‡–‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡

•‘…‹‡–›Ǥ Š‡ †ƒ–ƒ ™ƒ• –ƒ‡ ˆ”‘ ͵Ͳ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•̵ –‡”• –‘ ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹”

’ƒ”‡–• ƒ† ‰”ƒ†’ƒ”‡–• and participants’ kids’ term of address‹‰ –Š‡‹”

’ƒ”‡–•ƒ†‰”ƒ†’ƒ”‡–•Ǥ‹–Šƒ–‘–ƒŽ‘ˆʹͶͲ†ƒ–ƒƒ††‹˜‹†‡†‹–‘͸Ͳ†ƒ–ƒˆ‘”

‡ƒ…Š‹†•Š‹’ƒ††”‡••–‡”•‘ˆˆƒ–Š‡”ǡ‘–Š‡”ǡ‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”ǡƒ†‰”ƒ†‘–Š‡”Ǥ

Š‡ †ƒ–ƒ ƒƒŽ›•‹• …‘…‡‹–Š —…‘˜‡”‹‰ –Š‡ Ž‡š‹…‘ •Š‹ˆ–ǡ –…‘’ƒ”‹‰’ƒ”‡ –Š‡

Ž‡š‹…‘—•‡†„›’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•ƒ†’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•̵‹†•Ǥ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ–Š‡†‹•…—••‹‘̵•

”‡•—Ž–’”‘˜‡•–Šƒ–Ž‡š‹…‘•Š‹ˆ–‡š‹•–•‘–Š‡’ƒ”‡–•ƒ††”‡••–‡”•–‘‘„–ƒ‹

†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–ǡ —‹“—‡ ƒ† Š‹‰Š‡” ’”‡•–‹‰‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡•Ǥ ‘–Š‡” ”‡•—Ž– •Š‘™• –Š‡

’”‡•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‰”ƒ†’ƒ”‡–•ƒ††”‡••–‡”•Ǥ‡˜‡”ƒŽˆƒ…–‘”•–Šƒ–‹ˆŽ—‡…‡–Š‡

Ž‡š‹…‘•Š‹ˆ–ƒ”‡–Š‡—•‡‘ˆ•–ƒ†ƒ”††‘‡•‹ƒ‘”‰Ž‹•Šǡ–Š‡ƒ’’‡ƒ”ƒ…‡‘ˆ

”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—•–‡”•ǡ–Š‡‘†‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–™‘Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡–‡”•ǡƒ†–Š‡‘†‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ

ƒ •‹‰Ž‡ –‡”Ǥ —”–Š‡”‘”‡ǡ –Š‡ ‹•Š‹’ ƒ††”‡•• –‡”• ”‡ˆŽ‡…– –Š‡ Š‹‰Š‡”

‹†‡–‹–›–Šƒ–•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•™ƒ––‘ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡Ǥ

Keywords: Kinship, Identity, Social Practice, Lexicon Shift.

INTRODUCTION

ƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–• ƒ† ˆ‘”• ƒ ‹†‡–‹–› ƒ• ‹–‡†‡†ǡ •—…Š ƒ•

•‘‡‘‡ ‰‹˜‹‰ ƒ ƒ‡ –‘ –Š‡‹” …Š‹Ž†ǡ ˆ‘‘†ǡ ’‡–ǡ ‘” ƒ‘–Š‡” ‘„Œ‡…–Ǥ Š‡ ™ƒ›

’‡‘’Ž‡ …ƒŽŽ –Š‡‹” …Š‹Ž† ‘” –Š‡ ‘–Š‡” ‘„Œ‡…– „‡…‘‡• ƒ •›„‘Ž ‘ˆ –Š‡

”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‹†‡–‹–›ƒ•‡š’‡…–‡†ǤŠ‡…Š‘‹…‡‘ˆ‹†‡–‹–›ƒ”‹•‡•„‡…ƒ—•‡‘ˆ

–Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ ‡˜‹”‘‡– –Šƒ– •—””‘—†• ‹–• ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽǤ ƒŽ•Šƒ™ ȋʹͲͲ͹Ȍ •–ƒ–‡•

–Šƒ–Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡‹•ˆ”ƒ‰‹Ž‡ǡƒ†„‡…‘‡•ƒƒ……—”ƒ–‡–‘‘Ž–‘•‡‡•‘…‹ƒŽ”‡ƒŽ‹–›”ƒ–Š‡”

†‹”‡…–Ž›‹–‘”‡ƒŽ‹–›Ǥ†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰–Š‡†‹•…‘—”•‡‹ƒŠ—ƒ„‡…‘‡•ƒŠ‡Ž’ˆ—Ž

on Language, Literature and Mediaon Language, Literature and Media



THE IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION THROUGH KINSHIP ADDRESS TERM IN MALANG

(KOTA & KABUPATEN)

Qonita Camelia A. Maula

‹˜‡”•‹–ƒ•ƒ†ŒƒŠƒ†ƒ

ƒ‹Žǣ“‘‹–ƒ…ƒ‡Ž‹ƒ̷ƒ‹ŽǤ—‰Ǥƒ…Ǥ‹†

Abstract: Š‹• •–—†› ‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‡• –Š‡ ‹†‡–‹–› …‘•–”—…–‹‘ •‡‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡

Ž‡š‹…‘ •Š‹ˆ– ‘ˆ ‹•Š‹’ ƒ††”‡•• –‡”• ‹Kota ƒŽƒ‰ ƒ†Kabupaten ƒŽƒ‰Ǥ

‹‹‰ –‘ —˜‡‹Ž –Š‡ ’”‘‰”‡•• ‘ˆ ‹•Š‹’ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ ˆƒ–Š‡”ǡ ‘–Š‡”ǡ

‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”ǡƒ†‰”ƒ†‘–Š‡”‹ƒˆƒ‹Ž›–‘‘„–ƒ‹–Š‡”‡ˆŽ‡…–‡†‹†‡–‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡

•‘…‹‡–›Ǥ Š‡ †ƒ–ƒ ™ƒ• –ƒ‡ ˆ”‘ ͵Ͳ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•̵ –‡”• –‘ ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹”

’ƒ”‡–• ƒ† ‰”ƒ†’ƒ”‡–• and participants’ kids’ term of address‹‰ –Š‡‹”

’ƒ”‡–•ƒ†‰”ƒ†’ƒ”‡–•Ǥ‹–Šƒ–‘–ƒŽ‘ˆʹͶͲ†ƒ–ƒƒ††‹˜‹†‡†‹–‘͸Ͳ†ƒ–ƒˆ‘”

‡ƒ…Š‹†•Š‹’ƒ††”‡••–‡”•‘ˆˆƒ–Š‡”ǡ‘–Š‡”ǡ‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”ǡƒ†‰”ƒ†‘–Š‡”Ǥ

Š‡ †ƒ–ƒ ƒƒŽ›•‹• …‘…‡‹–Š —…‘˜‡”‹‰ –Š‡ Ž‡š‹…‘ •Š‹ˆ–ǡ –…‘’ƒ”‹‰’ƒ”‡ –Š‡

Ž‡š‹…‘—•‡†„›’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•ƒ†’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•̵‹†•Ǥ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ–Š‡†‹•…—••‹‘̵•

”‡•—Ž–’”‘˜‡•–Šƒ–Ž‡š‹…‘•Š‹ˆ–‡š‹•–•‘–Š‡’ƒ”‡–•ƒ††”‡••–‡”•–‘‘„–ƒ‹

†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–ǡ —‹“—‡ ƒ† Š‹‰Š‡” ’”‡•–‹‰‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡•Ǥ ‘–Š‡” ”‡•—Ž– •Š‘™• –Š‡

’”‡•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‰”ƒ†’ƒ”‡–•ƒ††”‡••–‡”•Ǥ‡˜‡”ƒŽˆƒ…–‘”•–Šƒ–‹ˆŽ—‡…‡–Š‡

Ž‡š‹…‘•Š‹ˆ–ƒ”‡–Š‡—•‡‘ˆ•–ƒ†ƒ”††‘‡•‹ƒ‘”‰Ž‹•Šǡ–Š‡ƒ’’‡ƒ”ƒ…‡‘ˆ

”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—•–‡”•ǡ–Š‡‘†‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–™‘Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡–‡”•ǡƒ†–Š‡‘†‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ

ƒ •‹‰Ž‡ –‡”Ǥ —”–Š‡”‘”‡ǡ –Š‡ ‹•Š‹’ ƒ††”‡•• –‡”• ”‡ˆŽ‡…– –Š‡ Š‹‰Š‡”

‹†‡–‹–›–Šƒ–•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•™ƒ––‘ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡Ǥ

Keywords: Kinship, Identity, Social Practice, Lexicon Shift.

INTRODUCTION

ƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–• ƒ† ˆ‘”• ƒ ‹†‡–‹–› ƒ• ‹–‡†‡†ǡ •—…Š ƒ•

•‘‡‘‡ ‰‹˜‹‰ ƒ ƒ‡ –‘ –Š‡‹” …Š‹Ž†ǡ ˆ‘‘†ǡ ’‡–ǡ ‘” ƒ‘–Š‡” ‘„Œ‡…–Ǥ Š‡ ™ƒ›

’‡‘’Ž‡ …ƒŽŽ –Š‡‹” …Š‹Ž† ‘” –Š‡ ‘–Š‡” ‘„Œ‡…– „‡…‘‡• ƒ •›„‘Ž ‘ˆ –Š‡

”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‹†‡–‹–›ƒ•‡š’‡…–‡†ǤŠ‡…Š‘‹…‡‘ˆ‹†‡–‹–›ƒ”‹•‡•„‡…ƒ—•‡‘ˆ

–Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ ‡˜‹”‘‡– –Šƒ– •—””‘—†• ‹–• ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽǤ ƒŽ•Šƒ™ ȋʹͲͲ͹Ȍ •–ƒ–‡•

–Šƒ–Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡‹•ˆ”ƒ‰‹Ž‡ǡƒ†„‡…‘‡•ƒƒ……—”ƒ–‡–‘‘Ž–‘•‡‡•‘…‹ƒŽ”‡ƒŽ‹–›”ƒ–Š‡”

†‹”‡…–Ž›‹–‘”‡ƒŽ‹–›Ǥ†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰–Š‡†‹•…‘—”•‡‹ƒŠ—ƒ„‡…‘‡•ƒŠ‡Ž’ˆ—Ž



–‘‘Ž–‘•‡‡–Š‡…‘•–”—…–‹‘‘ˆ”‡ƒŽ‹–›‹–Š‡•‘…‹‡–›„‡…ƒ—•‡•‘…‹‡–›‹•†›ƒ‹…

ƒ† …‘–‹—‘—•Ž› ’”‘‰”‡••‹‰ ȋƒŽ•Šƒ™ǡ ʹͲͲ͹ȌǤ ƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ ‹• ˆ”ƒ‰‹Ž‡ ƒ†

†›ƒ‹… ƒ• ƒ •‘…‹ƒŽ ”‡ƒŽ‹–› –Šƒ– …ƒ …Šƒ‰‡ ƒ……‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Š‡ …—””‡–

†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ǤŠ‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡ‘˜‡”•‡‡–Š‡†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ–Š‡Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡‹•„‡‡ˆ‹…‹ƒŽ

–‘—†‡”•–ƒ†–Š‡‹†‡–‹–›‘ˆƒ’‡”•‘‘”ƒ”‡‰‹‘Ǥ

Š‡’”‘…‡••‘ˆ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•‘„–ƒ‹‹‰ƒŠ‹‰Š‡”’‘•‹–‹‘‹•‘…‹‡–›…ƒ„‡

•‡‡ ˆ”‘ ƒ ‘”‡ ’”‘ˆ‘—† ‘„•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‹–• Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ —•‡†ǡ †—‡ –‘ ƒ ‘”‡

’”‡•–‹‰‹‘—• Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡Ǥ ‘” ‹•–ƒ…‡ǡ †‘‡•‹ƒ ‹• –Š‡ •–ƒ†ƒ”† Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡

†‘‡•‹ƒ —•‡†ǡ ‘ˆˆ‹…‹ƒŽŽ› ƒ’’Ž‹‡† ‹ ‰‘˜‡”‡–ǡ ‡†—…ƒ–‹‘ǡ –‡…Š‘Ž‘‰›ǡ ƒ†

—…Š ‘”‡Ǥ  –Š‡ ‘–Š‡” •‹†‡ǡ ”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡• ƒ”‡ …‘•‹†‡”‡† Ž‡••

’”‡•–‹‰‹‘—• „‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡‹” —•‡ ‹• ‘– ƒ• •‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ– ƒ• †‘‡•‹ƒǤ Š‹•

‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘„‡…‘‡•ƒ”‡ƒŽ‹••—‡‹•‘…‹‡–›ǡƒ†„‡…‘‡ƒ–”‹‰‰‡”ˆ‘”Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡

†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‹–Š‡”‡‰‹‘Ǥƒ•‡†‘–Š‹•ˆƒ…–ǡ‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‰–Š‡Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡•Š‹ˆ––Šƒ–

†‡˜‡Ž‘’• ‹ •‘…‹‡–› „‡…‘‡• ”‡ƒ•‘ƒ„Ž‡ ƒ† ‡••‡–‹ƒŽ –‘ …‘’”‡Š‡† –Š‡

–ƒ”‰‡–‡†‹†‡–‹–›‹ƒ‰‡„›…‘•‹†‡”‹‰‹•Š‹’–‡”•‹ƒˆƒ‹Ž›Ǥ

Š‡”‡Šƒ•„‡‡ƒ‰”‘™‹‰‹–‡”‡•–‹–Š‡•–—†›‘ˆŽƒ‰—ƒ‰‡•Š‹ˆ–‹–Š‡

—•‡‘ˆ‹•Š‹’–‡”•Ǥ ‹”•–ǡƒŠƒ›—ȋʹͲͳͻȌˆ‘…—•‡†‘‹†‡–‹ˆ›‹‰–Š‡‹†‡–‹–›

…‘•–”—…–‹‘–Š”‘—‰Š‹•Š‹’ƒ††”‡••–‡”•‹ƒ†—‰ƒ† ƒ–‹ƒ‰‘”™Š‹…Š

’‘‹– ‘—– –Š‡ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ •Š‹ˆ– ƒ• –Š‡ ‹’‘”–ƒ– ˆƒ…–‘” ‘ˆ ’‡‘’Ž‡̵• ‹†‡–‹–›

…‘•–”—…–‹‘Ǥ Š‡ǡ ‘†ƒŠ ȋʹͲͳͻȌ ™ƒ• …‘…‡”‡† ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ Ž‡š‹…‘ •Š‹ˆ– ‹ ƒ

—…Ž‡ƒ” ˆƒ‹Ž› ƒ† ƒƒŽ›•‡† –Š‡ Ž‡š‹…‘ •Š‹ˆ– ‹ ‡„ƒ” ™Š‹…Š ƒˆˆ‡…–‡† –Š‡‹”

•‘…‹ƒŽ•–ƒ–—•Ǥ ƒ•–Ž›ǡŠƒ‘Ƭ‹—ȋʹͲͲͺȌƒŽ•‘ˆ‘…—•‡†‘–Š‡Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡•Š‹ˆ–‘ˆ–Š‡

Š‹‡•‡Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡‹‹‰ƒ’‘”‡ƒ†‹–•‹’ƒ…–‘–Š‡’”‡•–‹‰‡‘ˆƒŽƒ‰—ƒ‰‡—•‡†

‹ ƒ ˆƒ‹Ž›Ǥ …‘™Ž‡†‰‹‰ –Š‡ ’”‡˜‹‘—• •–—†‹‡•ǡ –Š‹• ’ƒ’‡” –”‹‡• –‘ ‡Šƒ…‡

Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ •Š‹ˆ– ƒ† ‹†‡–‹–› …‘•–”—…–‹‘ •‡‡ ˆ”‘ ‹•Š‹’ ƒ††”‡•• –‡”• ‹

ƒŽƒ‰Ǥ Š‹• •–—†› •’‡…‹ˆ‹…ƒŽŽ› ƒ‹• –‘ —˜‡‹Ž –Š‡ ’”‘‰”‡•• ‘ˆ ‹•Š‹’

†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ ˆƒ–Š‡”ǡ ‘–Š‡”ǡ ‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”ǡ ƒ† ‰”ƒ†‘–Š‡” ‹ ƒ ˆƒ‹Ž› –‘

‘„–ƒ‹–Š‡”‡ˆŽ‡…–‡†‹†‡–‹–›‘ˆƒ…‹–›–Š”‘—‰Š‹–••‘…‹‡–›Ǥ



LITERATURE REVIEW

†‡–‹–›‹•ƒ•‡ŽˆǦ…‘…‡’–ƒ•ƒ‡„‡”‘ˆƒ…—Ž–—”ƒŽ‰”‘—’–Šƒ–ˆ‹Ž–‡”•–Š‡

‹–‡”’”‡–ƒ–‹‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ™‘”Ž†ȋ—•–‹‰ Ƭ ‘‡•–‡”ǡ ʹͲͳͲȌǤ ‡ƒ”‘ ȋͳͻͻͻȌ

ƒˆˆ‹”•–Šƒ– ‹dentity describes the way individuals and groups define themselves and is defined by others based on race, ethnicity, religion, language,

ƒ†…—Ž–—”‡Ǥ—Ž–—”‡‹•ƒŽ•‘•Šƒ’‡†–Š”‘—‰Š‹–•”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’™‹–Š‘–Š‡”…—Ž–—”‡

ƒ† ‹–‡”ƒ…–‹‘ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ™‘”Ž†Ǥ Š‡ …‘–ƒ…– „‡–™‡‡ …—Ž–—”‡• ˆ‘”• –Š‡

Humanities across Histories and Trajectories in the Glocal Contexts Humanities across Histories and Trajectories in the Glocal Contexts



Qonita Camelia A. Maula

†‹˜‡”•‹–› ‘ˆ ‹†‡–‹–‹‡•ǡ ƒ† ‡˜‡”› •‹‰Ž‡ ‹†‡–‹–› ‘ˆ ƒ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ”‡Žƒ–‡• –‘

•‘…‹‡–‹‡•ƒ†…‘—–”‹‡•ȋ•ƒǡʹͲͳͷȌǤ—•–‹‰Ƭ‘‡•–‡”ȋʹͲͳͲȌ’”‘’‘•‡–Š”‡‡

…‘’‘‡–• –‘ „—‹Ž† •‡ŽˆǦ…‘…‡’– ‘” ‹†‡–‹–› ƒ–—”ƒŽŽ›ǣ …—Ž–—”ƒŽǡ •‘…‹ƒŽǡ ƒ†

personal identity. Furthermore, personal identity is based on people’s unique …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…•ǡ†‡’‡†‹‰‘–Š‡‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ…—Ž–—”‡ƒ†•‘…‹ƒŽ‰”‘—’•Ǥ

ƒŽŽ ȋͳͻͻͶȌ ƒ”‰—‡• –Šƒ– ‹†‡–‹–› ƒ• ƒ ‡™ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ ’Žƒ›• ƒ

…‡–”ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡ ‹ –Š‡ ‡‡”‰‡…‡ ‘ˆ ƒ •‘…‹ƒŽ ‘˜‡‡– –Šƒ– Šƒ• ”‡•Šƒ’‡† –Š‡

™‘”Ž†Ǥ—Ž–—”‡‹•†›ƒ‹…ǡƒ†…Šƒ‰‡•™‹–Š†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–•‘…‹ƒŽ‡‡†•ƒ†‹†‡–‹–›

‡‡”‰‡†ƒ•–Š‡‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡˜ƒ”‹‘—•…‘†‹–‹‘••—…Šƒ•Ž‹ˆ‡•–›Ž‡ǡ‹••—‡•‘ˆ

‰‡†‡”‹†‡–‹–›ǡƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹†‡–‹–›ǡŽƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ǡ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘ǡ”ƒ…‡ǡ„‡Ž‹‡ˆ•ǡ‡–Š‹…‹–›ǡƒ†

ƒ‡•–Š‡–‹…• ȋƒ‰ƒ†‡ǡ ʹͲͳ͹ȌǤ †‡–‹–› ‹• ƒ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ …‘†‡ …ƒŽŽ‡† ̵„‡‹‰̵ ‘”•‡ŽˆǦ

•—„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›ȋƒŽŽǡͳͻͻͶȌǤ—„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›‹•–Š‡‹†‡–‹–›‘ˆ•‡Žˆƒ•ƒ’”‘†—…–‘ˆ•‘…‹ƒŽ

…‘•–”—…–‹‘ǡ ƒ† •‡ŽˆǦˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ …‘‡• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ …‘–”ƒ†‹…–‘”› †‹•…‘—”•‡ǡ

‹†‡‘Ž‘‰›ǡ ƒ† ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ ȋƒŽ•Šƒ™ǡ Ǥ›ȌǤ ƒŽ•Šƒ™ ȋǤ›Ȍ •–ƒ–‡• –Šƒ–

–Š‡”‡ƒŽ‹†‡–‹–›‘”–”—‡•‡Žˆ‹•Œ—•–ƒ‹ŽŽ—•‹‘„‡…ƒ—•‡‹–‹•‡˜‡”ˆ—ŽŽ›†‡•…”‹„‡†

‹ ƒ ƒ„•‘Ž—–‡ ™ƒ›Ǣ ‹– ‹• ‘Ž› †‡•…”‹„‡† ‹ •’‡…‹ˆ‹… •‘…‹ƒŽ ‹–‡”ƒ…–‹‘ ™‹–Š

ƒ‘–Š‡”‹†‡–‹–›Ǥ

ƒ‹•ŠƒŽ‹ȋʹͲͳ͸Ȍ•ƒ›•–Šƒ–‹†‡–‹–›…‘‡•ˆ”‘’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”‡–Š‹…‰”‘—’•

ƒ†‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ˆ‡‡Ž‹‰• ƒ† „‡Šƒ˜‹‘—”•Ǥ Š‡ ƒ”‰‹ƒŽ‹œ‡† ’‡‘’Ž‡

—†‡”‰‘…—Ž–—”ƒŽ…‘ˆŽ‹…–„‡…ƒ—•‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹”‡–Š‹…‰”‘—’ȋƒ‹•ŠƒŽ‹ǡʹͲͳ͸Ȍ•—…Šƒ•

–Š‡‹††Ž‡Ǧ…Žƒ••’‡‘’Ž‡ˆ‡‡Ž•–Š‡’”‡••—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡†‘‹ƒ–…—Ž–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡—’’‡”

…Žƒ••Ǥ‘—”†‹‡—‹ ‡‹•ȋͳͻͻʹȌ‡š’Žƒ‹•–Šƒ–ƒ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ‹•ˆ”‡‡–‘…Š‘‘•‡

™Š‡”‡Š‹•‹†‡–‹–›™‹ŽŽ„‡ƒ…Š‘”‡†ǡƒ†‹†‹”‡…–Ž›–ƒ‡ƒ††‡˜‡Ž‘’–Š‡…—Ž–—”‡

Š‡™ƒ–•–‘ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡ǤŠ‡—•‡‘ˆ‹•Š‹’–‡”‹ƒˆƒ‹Ž›”‡ˆŽ‡…–•–Š‡‡š’‘•—”‡‘ˆ

–Š‡ †‹•…‘—”•‡• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ †‘‹ƒ– …—Ž–—”‡Ǥ Š‹• •–ƒ–‡‡– ‹• ‹ Ž‹‡ ™‹–Š

‘—”†‹‡—ȋͳͻͻͲȌǡ™Š‘•–ƒ–‡•–Šƒ–‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•–”ƒ–‡‰›–‘Šƒ†Ž‹‰’‘™‡”‹–Š‡

•‘…‹‡–›‹•”‡ˆŽ‡…–‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡–Š‡›—•‡†Ǥ

‘—”†‹‡— ‡š’‘•‡†•‘…‹ƒŽ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ –Š”‘—‰Š –™‘ ’”‹ƒ”› ’”‘…‡••‡•ǡ

ƒ‡Ž›Šƒ„‹–—•ƒ•–Š‡ƒ‰‡–‘”•‘…‹ƒŽƒ…–‘”™Š‘…‘˜‡›–Š‡…—Ž–—”‡ǡƒ†ˆ‹‡Ž†ƒ•

–Š‡ƒ”‡ƒ‘ˆƒ‰‡––‘…‘’‡–‡™‹–Š‡ƒ…Š‘–Š‡”‘ˆ˜ƒ”‹‘—•’‘™‡”ƒ•ƒ•›„‘Ž‘ˆ

†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–•‘…‹ƒŽ•–ƒ–—•ȋ ‡‹•ǡͳͻͻʹȌǤ……‘”†‹‰Ž›ǡ–Š‡•‘…‹ƒŽ’”ƒ…–‹…‡•–”‘‰Ž›

”‡ˆŽ‡…–•ƒ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ̵•†‡•‹”‡†’‘•‹–‹‘ǡ•—…Šƒ•–Š‡•‡Ž‡…–‹‘ƒ††‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–

‘ˆ‹•Š‹’–‡”•Ǥ ‘”‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ–Š‡‹•Š‹’–‡”••—…Šƒ•̵„ƒŠ̵ƒ”‡˜‡”›–‹‰Š–

™‹–Š…—Ž–—”‡Ǥ–‹ŽŽǡ‹ˆ•‘‡‘‡™ƒ–•–‘‹…”‡ƒ•‡–Š‡’”‡•–‹‰‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹”Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ǡ

–Š‡›—•—ƒŽŽ›‘†‹ˆ›–Š‡‹•Š‹’–‡”•™‹–Š†‘‡•‹ƒƒ••–ƒ†ƒ”†Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡‘”

‰Ž‹•Š ƒ• –Š‡ ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡Ǥ Š‹• ‹••—‡ Šƒ’’‡• „‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ

•–ƒ–—•̵ ’‘™‡” ‘ˆ –Š‡ †‘‹ƒ– ƒˆˆ‡…–• –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ •–ƒ–—• „‡Ž‘™ –Š‡Ǥ  –Š‹•

‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ ”‡‰‹‘ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ •–ƒ†• —†‡” ƒ •–ƒ†ƒ”† Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ǡ ƒ† •–ƒ†ƒ”†

on Language, Literature and Mediaon Language, Literature and Media



†‹˜‡”•‹–› ‘ˆ ‹†‡–‹–‹‡•ǡ ƒ† ‡˜‡”› •‹‰Ž‡ ‹†‡–‹–› ‘ˆ ƒ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ”‡Žƒ–‡• –‘

•‘…‹‡–‹‡•ƒ†…‘—–”‹‡•ȋ•ƒǡʹͲͳͷȌǤ—•–‹‰Ƭ‘‡•–‡”ȋʹͲͳͲȌ’”‘’‘•‡–Š”‡‡

…‘’‘‡–• –‘ „—‹Ž† •‡ŽˆǦ…‘…‡’– ‘” ‹†‡–‹–› ƒ–—”ƒŽŽ›ǣ …—Ž–—”ƒŽǡ •‘…‹ƒŽǡ ƒ†

personal identity. Furthermore, personal identity is based on people’s unique …Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹•–‹…•ǡ†‡’‡†‹‰‘–Š‡‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ…—Ž–—”‡ƒ†•‘…‹ƒŽ‰”‘—’•Ǥ

ƒŽŽ ȋͳͻͻͶȌ ƒ”‰—‡• –Šƒ– ‹†‡–‹–› ƒ• ƒ ‡™ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ ’Žƒ›• ƒ

…‡–”ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡ ‹ –Š‡ ‡‡”‰‡…‡ ‘ˆ ƒ •‘…‹ƒŽ ‘˜‡‡– –Šƒ– Šƒ• ”‡•Šƒ’‡† –Š‡

™‘”Ž†Ǥ—Ž–—”‡‹•†›ƒ‹…ǡƒ†…Šƒ‰‡•™‹–Š†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–•‘…‹ƒŽ‡‡†•ƒ†‹†‡–‹–›

‡‡”‰‡†ƒ•–Š‡‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡˜ƒ”‹‘—•…‘†‹–‹‘••—…Šƒ•Ž‹ˆ‡•–›Ž‡ǡ‹••—‡•‘ˆ

‰‡†‡”‹†‡–‹–›ǡƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹†‡–‹–›ǡŽƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ǡ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘ǡ”ƒ…‡ǡ„‡Ž‹‡ˆ•ǡ‡–Š‹…‹–›ǡƒ†

ƒ‡•–Š‡–‹…• ȋƒ‰ƒ†‡ǡ ʹͲͳ͹ȌǤ †‡–‹–› ‹• ƒ …—Ž–—”ƒŽ …‘†‡ …ƒŽŽ‡† ̵„‡‹‰̵ ‘”•‡ŽˆǦ

•—„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›ȋƒŽŽǡͳͻͻͶȌǤ—„Œ‡…–‹˜‹–›‹•–Š‡‹†‡–‹–›‘ˆ•‡Žˆƒ•ƒ’”‘†—…–‘ˆ•‘…‹ƒŽ

…‘•–”—…–‹‘ǡ ƒ† •‡ŽˆǦˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ …‘‡• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ …‘–”ƒ†‹…–‘”› †‹•…‘—”•‡ǡ

‹†‡‘Ž‘‰›ǡ ƒ† ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ ȋƒŽ•Šƒ™ǡ Ǥ›ȌǤ ƒŽ•Šƒ™ ȋǤ›Ȍ •–ƒ–‡• –Šƒ–

–Š‡”‡ƒŽ‹†‡–‹–›‘”–”—‡•‡Žˆ‹•Œ—•–ƒ‹ŽŽ—•‹‘„‡…ƒ—•‡‹–‹•‡˜‡”ˆ—ŽŽ›†‡•…”‹„‡†

‹ ƒ ƒ„•‘Ž—–‡ ™ƒ›Ǣ ‹– ‹• ‘Ž› †‡•…”‹„‡† ‹ •’‡…‹ˆ‹… •‘…‹ƒŽ ‹–‡”ƒ…–‹‘ ™‹–Š

ƒ‘–Š‡”‹†‡–‹–›Ǥ

ƒ‹•ŠƒŽ‹ȋʹͲͳ͸Ȍ•ƒ›•–Šƒ–‹†‡–‹–›…‘‡•ˆ”‘’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”‡–Š‹…‰”‘—’•

ƒ†‹ˆŽ—‡…‡ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ ˆ‡‡Ž‹‰• ƒ† „‡Šƒ˜‹‘—”•Ǥ Š‡ ƒ”‰‹ƒŽ‹œ‡† ’‡‘’Ž‡

—†‡”‰‘…—Ž–—”ƒŽ…‘ˆŽ‹…–„‡…ƒ—•‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹”‡–Š‹…‰”‘—’ȋƒ‹•ŠƒŽ‹ǡʹͲͳ͸Ȍ•—…Šƒ•

–Š‡‹††Ž‡Ǧ…Žƒ••’‡‘’Ž‡ˆ‡‡Ž•–Š‡’”‡••—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡†‘‹ƒ–…—Ž–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡—’’‡”

…Žƒ••Ǥ‘—”†‹‡—‹ ‡‹•ȋͳͻͻʹȌ‡š’Žƒ‹•–Šƒ–ƒ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ‹•ˆ”‡‡–‘…Š‘‘•‡

™Š‡”‡Š‹•‹†‡–‹–›™‹ŽŽ„‡ƒ…Š‘”‡†ǡƒ†‹†‹”‡…–Ž›–ƒ‡ƒ††‡˜‡Ž‘’–Š‡…—Ž–—”‡

Š‡™ƒ–•–‘ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡ǤŠ‡—•‡‘ˆ‹•Š‹’–‡”‹ƒˆƒ‹Ž›”‡ˆŽ‡…–•–Š‡‡š’‘•—”‡‘ˆ

–Š‡ †‹•…‘—”•‡• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ †‘‹ƒ– …—Ž–—”‡Ǥ Š‹• •–ƒ–‡‡– ‹• ‹ Ž‹‡ ™‹–Š

‘—”†‹‡—ȋͳͻͻͲȌǡ™Š‘•–ƒ–‡•–Šƒ–‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•–”ƒ–‡‰›–‘Šƒ†Ž‹‰’‘™‡”‹–Š‡

•‘…‹‡–›‹•”‡ˆŽ‡…–‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡–Š‡›—•‡†Ǥ

‘—”†‹‡— ‡š’‘•‡†•‘…‹ƒŽ ’”ƒ…–‹…‡ –Š”‘—‰Š –™‘ ’”‹ƒ”› ’”‘…‡••‡•ǡ

ƒ‡Ž›Šƒ„‹–—•ƒ•–Š‡ƒ‰‡–‘”•‘…‹ƒŽƒ…–‘”™Š‘…‘˜‡›–Š‡…—Ž–—”‡ǡƒ†ˆ‹‡Ž†ƒ•

–Š‡ƒ”‡ƒ‘ˆƒ‰‡––‘…‘’‡–‡™‹–Š‡ƒ…Š‘–Š‡”‘ˆ˜ƒ”‹‘—•’‘™‡”ƒ•ƒ•›„‘Ž‘ˆ

†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–•‘…‹ƒŽ•–ƒ–—•ȋ ‡‹•ǡͳͻͻʹȌǤ……‘”†‹‰Ž›ǡ–Š‡•‘…‹ƒŽ’”ƒ…–‹…‡•–”‘‰Ž›

”‡ˆŽ‡…–•ƒ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ̵•†‡•‹”‡†’‘•‹–‹‘ǡ•—…Šƒ•–Š‡•‡Ž‡…–‹‘ƒ††‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–

‘ˆ‹•Š‹’–‡”•Ǥ ‘”‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ–Š‡‹•Š‹’–‡”••—…Šƒ•̵„ƒŠ̵ƒ”‡˜‡”›–‹‰Š–

™‹–Š…—Ž–—”‡Ǥ–‹ŽŽǡ‹ˆ•‘‡‘‡™ƒ–•–‘‹…”‡ƒ•‡–Š‡’”‡•–‹‰‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹”Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ǡ

–Š‡›—•—ƒŽŽ›‘†‹ˆ›–Š‡‹•Š‹’–‡”•™‹–Š†‘‡•‹ƒƒ••–ƒ†ƒ”†Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡‘”

‰Ž‹•Š ƒ• –Š‡ ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡Ǥ Š‹• ‹••—‡ Šƒ’’‡• „‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ

•–ƒ–—•̵ ’‘™‡” ‘ˆ –Š‡ †‘‹ƒ– ƒˆˆ‡…–• –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ •–ƒ–—• „‡Ž‘™ –Š‡Ǥ  –Š‹•

‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ ”‡‰‹‘ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ •–ƒ†• —†‡” ƒ •–ƒ†ƒ”† Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ǡ ƒ† •–ƒ†ƒ”†



Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡•–ƒ†•—†‡”ƒ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽŽƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ǤŠ‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡ•–ƒ†ƒ”†Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡

Šƒ• ‘”‡ ’”‡•–‹‰‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡ …‘’ƒ”‡† –‘ ”‡‰‹‘ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ǡ ƒŽ•‘ ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ

Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡Šƒ•‘”‡’”‡•–‹‰‡˜ƒŽ—‡…‘’ƒ”‡†–‘–Š‡•–ƒ†ƒ”†Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡Ǥ

Š‡’”‡•–‹‰‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡ ‹• ˜‡”› —…Š ƒ––ƒ…Š‡† –‘ ƒ Š‹‰Š‡” •‘…‹ƒŽ •–ƒ–—•

„‡…ƒ—•‡ –Š‡ ’”‡•–‹‰‡ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ –‡†• –‘ •—’’Ž› ‘”‡ ˜‘…ƒ„—Žƒ”› ƒ† ‹• ‘”‡

™‹†‡Ž› —•‡† ȋ‘Ž‡•ǡ ʹͲͳ͵ȌǤ Š‡ ’ƒ––‡” ‘ˆ —•‹‰ ‹•Š‹’ •Š‘™• –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ

‹†‡–‹–›‘ˆƒ…‘—‹–›‰”‘—’„‡…ƒ—•‡–Š‡™ƒ›’‡‘’Ž‡•’‡ƒ‹•…Šƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹œ‡†

„› ˜ƒ”‹‘—• ’ƒ––‡”•ǡ ™Š‹…Š ‹–‡”‡•–‹‰Ž› ƒ† •‹‰‹ˆ‹…ƒ–Ž› •Š‘™• –Š‡ •‘…‹ƒŽ

ˆƒ…–‘”•‹•‘…‹‡–›ȋ‘Ž‡•ǡʹͲͳ͵ȌǤ —”–Š‡”‘”‡ǡ–Š‡’—”’‘•‡‘ˆƒ…‘—‹–›‹

–Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ •‘…‹‡–› …ƒ „‡ •‡‡ „› ‘„•‡”˜‹‰ –Š‡ ‹•Š‹’ –‡” –Šƒ–

†‘‹ƒ–Ž› —•‡†Ǥ ’‡…‹ˆ‹…ƒŽŽ›ǡ –Š‡ ’Š‡‘‡‘ ‘ˆ ‹†‡–‹–› …‘•–”—…–‹‘ ‹ ƒ

ˆƒ‹Ž›•Š‘™ˆ”‘–Š‡Ž‡š‹…‘•Š‹ˆ–—•‡†‹‹•Š‹’ƒ††”‡••–‡”•Ǥ

ƒ…Š”—ǡ ƒ…Š”—ǡ Ƭ ‡Ž•‘ ȋʹͲͲ͸Ȍ „‡Ž‹‡˜‡ –Šƒ–Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ •Š‹ˆ–ƒ‹Ž›

‘……—”•‹‹‘”‹–‹‡•™Š‘ƒ”‡‡š’‘•‡†–‘–Š‡†‘‹ƒ–Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ǡ‹–…ƒ„‡•‡‡

ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ƒ……‡–ǡ ‰”ƒƒ”ǡ ’‘Ž‹–‡‡••ǡ ƒ† Ž‡š‹…‘ •‡Ž‡…–‹‘ ƒ• ‹ –Š‹• •–—†›Ǥ

……‘”†‹‰Ž›ǡ–Š‡Ž‡š‹…‘•Š‹ˆ–…ƒ„‡‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡–›’‹…ƒŽ”‡‰‹‘ƒŽŽ‡š‹…‘

–Šƒ–‹•”‡’Žƒ…‡†‘”…‘„‹‡†™‹–Š–Š‡†‘‹ƒ–Ž‡š‹…‘ǡ•—…Šƒ•–Š‡’”‘…‡••‘ˆ

Ž‡š‹…‘‘ibu’changed into ‘mommy’ and then adapting to the Indonesian accent

ƒ†„‡‹‰ˆƒ‹Ž‹ƒ”‹œ‡†–‘†‘‡•‹ƒ•„‡…‘‡‘mami’ ȋƒŠƒ›—ǡʹͲͳͻȌǤ



METHOD

Š‹• •–—†›̵• †‡•‹‰ ‹• “—ƒŽ‹–ƒ–‹˜‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š –Šƒ– ˆ‘…—•‡† ‘ †‡•…”‹„‹‰

–Š‡‹†‡’‡†‡–ƒ††‡’‡†‡–˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡•‘ˆƒ’Š‡‘‡‘ȋ”‡•™‡ŽŽǡʹͲͳͶȌǤ

Š‹••–—†›‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‡•–Š‡”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡‹•Š‹’•›•–‡•ƒ†–Š‡•‘…‹ƒŽ

•–ƒ–—•‘ˆ›‘—‰ƒ†—Ž––Šƒ–‹’Ž‹‡•ƒ’ƒ”–‹…—Žƒ”‹†‡–‹–›ǤŠ‡†ƒ–ƒ™ƒ•…‘ŽŽ‡…–‡†

ˆ”‘ ͵Ͳ ”‡•’‘†‡–• ™Š‘ Ž‹˜‡ ‹Kota ƒŽƒ‰ȋƒŽƒ‰ ‹–›Ȍ ƒ†Kabupaten

ƒŽƒ‰ ȋƒŽƒ‰‡‰‡…›Ȍǡ™‹–Šƒƒ‰‡”ƒ‰‡‘ˆʹͲǦ͵Ͳ›‡ƒ”•ǡʹ͵ˆ‡ƒŽ‡ƒ†͹

ƒŽ‡ǤŠ‡‹†‡’‡†‡–˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡‘ˆ–Š‹••–—†›‹•–Š‡Ž‡š‹…‘˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘‘ˆˆƒ–Š‡”ǡ

‘–Š‡”ǡ ‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”ǡ ƒ† ‰”ƒ†‘–Š‡” ‹ –Š‡ ˆƒ‹Ž›ǡ ƒ† –Š‡ †‡’‡†‡–

˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡•ƒ”‡•‘…‹ƒŽ•–ƒ–—•ǡƒ†ƒ‰‡Ǥ‰‡”‡•–”‹…–‹‘•ƒ”‡…ƒ””‹‡†‘—––‘•‡‡–Š‡

‡š’ƒ•‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹•Š‹’ Ž‡š‹…‘ ’”‘†—…‡† „› ›‘—‰ ƒ†—Ž–• ƒ† …‘’ƒ”‡ –Š‡

‹•Š‹’Ž‡š‹…‘—•‡†„›‘Ž†‡”’‡‘’Ž‡Ǥ ”‘–Š‡•‡‡š’ƒ•‹‘•ǡ–Š‡•‘…‹ƒŽ•–ƒ–—•

”‡ˆŽ‡…–‡†–Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡Ž‡š‹…‘Ž‹•–‡†‹–Š‡†ƒ–ƒ…ƒ„‡‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡†ǤŠ‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”

†‘‡• ‘– ˆ‘…—• ‘ ‰‡†‡” „ƒŽƒ…‡ ƒ† ˆ‡–…Š ”ƒ†‘ †ƒ–ƒ –‘ •‡‡ ‹†‡–‹–›

…‘•–”—…–‹‘–Š”‘—‰Š‹•Š‹’–‡”‹ƒŽƒ‰ǤŠ‹••Š‘”–•—”˜‡›‘„–ƒ‹•ʹͳ‘”

Humanities across Histories and Trajectories in the Glocal Contexts Humanities across Histories and Trajectories in the Glocal Contexts



Qonita Camelia A. Maula

͹ͲΨ ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘†‡–• ˆ”‘Kabupaten ƒŽƒ‰ ƒ† ͻ ‘” ͵ͲΨ ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘†‡–•

ˆ”‘Kota ƒŽƒ‰Ǥ 

‘”‡‘˜‡”ǡ –Š‡†ƒ–ƒ ‘ˆ –Š‹• •–—†› ™‡”‡ …‘ŽŽ‡…–‡†‹ •‡˜‡”ƒŽ •–‡’•Ǥ Š‡

’”‹ƒ”›•–‡’™ƒ•…‘’‹Ž‹‰ƒ††‹•–”‹„—–‹‰“—‡•–‹‘ƒ‹”‡•—•‹‰‰‘‘‰Ž‡ˆ‘”•

“—‡•–‹‘‹‰Ǣ ȋͳǤȌ Š‘™ ›‘— ƒ††”‡•• ›‘—” ˆƒ–Š‡”ǫ ȋʹǤȌ Š‘™ ›‘— ƒ††”‡•• ›‘—”

‘–Š‡”ǫ ȋͶǤȌ Š‘™ ›‘— ƒ††”‡•• ›‘—” ‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”ǫ ȋͷǤȌ Š‘™ ›‘— ƒ††”‡••

‰”ƒ†‘–Š‡”ǫ ȋ͸ǤȌ Š‘™ ›‘—” ‹†Ȁ• ȋ™‹ŽŽȌ ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹” ˆƒ–Š‡”ǫ ȋ͹ǤȌ Š‘™ ›‘—”

‹†Ȁ• ȋ™‹ŽŽȌ ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹” ‘–Š‡”ǫ ȋͺǤȌ Š‘™ ›‘—” ‹†Ȁ• ȋ™‹ŽŽȌ ƒ††”‡•• ›‘—”

ˆƒ–Š‡”ȋ–Š‡‹”‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”Ȍǫƒ†ȋͺǤȌŠ‘™›‘—”‹†Ȁ•ȋ™‹ŽŽȌƒ††”‡••›‘—”‘–Š‡”

ȋ–Š‡‹”‰”ƒ†‘–Š‡”ȌǫŠ‡–Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”…Š‡…•–Š‡“—‡•–‹‘ƒ‹”‡”‡•—Ž–•ƒ†

‡Ž‹‹ƒ–‡•”‡•’‘†‡–•™Š‘ƒ”‡‘–‡Ž‹‰‹„Ž‡‹–Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š’”‘˜‹•‹‘•Ǥ ‹ƒŽŽ›ǡ

ʹͶͲ“—ƒŽ‹ˆ‹‡††ƒ–ƒ…‘•‹•–‹‰‘ˆ͸Ͳ†ƒ–ƒ‘–Š‡‹•Š‹’Ž‡š‹…‘‘ˆˆƒ–Š‡”ǡ‘–Š‡”ǡ

‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”ǡƒ†‰”ƒ†‘–Š‡”™‡”‡ƒƒŽ›œ‡†‹•‡˜‡”ƒŽ™ƒ›•Ǥ

‹”•–Ž›ǡ –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡” ‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡† –Š‡ †‘‹ƒ– ˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† Ž‡ƒ•–

˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‹•Š‹’‹–Š‡†ƒ–ƒǤ‡…‘†Ž›ǡ–Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”…‘’ƒ”‡†–Š‡͵Ͳ†ƒ–ƒ

‘ˆ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–• ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹” ˆƒ–Š‡” ˜• ͵Ͳ †ƒ–ƒ ‘ˆ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–̵• ‹†Ȁ• ƒ††”‡••

–Š‡‹” ˆƒ–Š‡”ǡ ͵Ͳ †ƒ–ƒ ‘ˆ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–• ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹” ‘–Š‡” ˜• ͵Ͳ †ƒ–ƒ ‘ˆ

’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–̵•‹†Ȁ•ƒ††”‡••–Š‡‹”‘–Š‡”ǡ͵Ͳ†ƒ–ƒ‘ˆ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•ƒ††”‡••–Š‡‹”

‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”˜•͵Ͳ†ƒ–ƒ‘ˆ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–̵•‹†Ȁ•ƒ††”‡••–Š‡‹”‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”ǡƒ†͵Ͳ

†ƒ–ƒ‘ˆ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–ƒ††”‡••–Š‡‹”‰”ƒ†‘–Š‡”˜•͵Ͳ†ƒ–ƒ‘ˆ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–̵•‹†Ȁ•

ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹” ‰”ƒ†‘–Š‡”Ǥ Š‹”†Ž›ǡ †”ƒ™‹‰ –Š‡ –ƒ„Ž‡ ˆ‘” ‡ƒ…Š †ƒ–ƒ –‘

†‡‘•–”ƒ–‡–Š‡ˆ‹†‹‰•ǤŠ‡ǡ–Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”ƒƒŽ›•‡•–Š‡†ƒ–ƒ„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡

•‘…‹ƒŽ’”‡•–‹‰‡ƒ††‡•‹”‡”‡’”‡•‡–‡†‹–Š‡Ž‡š‹…‘‘ˆ‹•Š‹’ƒ††”‡••–‡”•Ǥ

ƒ•–Ž›ǡ –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡” …‘…Ž—†‡• –Š‡ •–—†›̵• ”‡•—Ž– –‘ •Š‘™ –Š‡ ‹†‡–‹–› ‘ˆ

ƒŽƒ‰’‡‘’Ž‡’‹…–—”‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡ˆ‹†‹‰•ƒ††‹•…—••‹‘‘ˆ‹•Š‹’–‡”•Ǥ

 FINDINGS 

Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ƒ”‡ †‡‘•–”ƒ–‡† ‹ ˆ‘—” –ƒ„Ž‡• „‡Ž‘™ǡ ƒŽ‘‰ ™‹–Š –Š‡

ƒƒŽ›•‹•Ǥ Š‡ –ƒ„Ž‡ ™ƒ• ‘”‰ƒ‹œ‡† „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ …ƒ–‡‰‘”› ™Š‡”‡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•

ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹” ˆƒ–Š‡” ƒ† ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•̵ ‹†• ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹” ˆƒ–Š‡”Ǥ Š‡ǡ

participants address their mother and participant’s kids’ address tŠ‡‹”‘–Š‡”Ǥ

‡š–ǡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–• ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹” ‰”ƒ†father and participant’s kids’ address

–Š‡‹” ‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”Ǥ ƒ•–ǡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–• ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹” ‰”ƒ†‘–Š‡” ƒ†

’ƒ”–‹cipant’s kids’ address their grandmother.





on Language, Literature and Mediaon Language, Literature and Media



͹ͲΨ ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘†‡–• ˆ”‘Kabupaten ƒŽƒ‰ ƒ† ͻ ‘” ͵ͲΨ ‘ˆ ”‡•’‘†‡–•

ˆ”‘Kota ƒŽƒ‰Ǥ 

‘”‡‘˜‡”ǡ –Š‡†ƒ–ƒ ‘ˆ –Š‹• •–—†› ™‡”‡ …‘ŽŽ‡…–‡†‹ •‡˜‡”ƒŽ •–‡’•Ǥ Š‡

’”‹ƒ”›•–‡’™ƒ•…‘’‹Ž‹‰ƒ††‹•–”‹„—–‹‰“—‡•–‹‘ƒ‹”‡•—•‹‰‰‘‘‰Ž‡ˆ‘”•

“—‡•–‹‘‹‰Ǣ ȋͳǤȌ Š‘™ ›‘— ƒ††”‡•• ›‘—” ˆƒ–Š‡”ǫ ȋʹǤȌ Š‘™ ›‘— ƒ††”‡•• ›‘—”

‘–Š‡”ǫ ȋͶǤȌ Š‘™ ›‘— ƒ††”‡•• ›‘—” ‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”ǫ ȋͷǤȌ Š‘™ ›‘— ƒ††”‡••

‰”ƒ†‘–Š‡”ǫ ȋ͸ǤȌ Š‘™ ›‘—” ‹†Ȁ• ȋ™‹ŽŽȌ ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹” ˆƒ–Š‡”ǫ ȋ͹ǤȌ Š‘™ ›‘—”

‹†Ȁ• ȋ™‹ŽŽȌ ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹” ‘–Š‡”ǫ ȋͺǤȌ Š‘™ ›‘—” ‹†Ȁ• ȋ™‹ŽŽȌ ƒ††”‡•• ›‘—”

ˆƒ–Š‡”ȋ–Š‡‹”‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”Ȍǫƒ†ȋͺǤȌŠ‘™›‘—”‹†Ȁ•ȋ™‹ŽŽȌƒ††”‡••›‘—”‘–Š‡”

ȋ–Š‡‹”‰”ƒ†‘–Š‡”ȌǫŠ‡–Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”…Š‡…•–Š‡“—‡•–‹‘ƒ‹”‡”‡•—Ž–•ƒ†

‡Ž‹‹ƒ–‡•”‡•’‘†‡–•™Š‘ƒ”‡‘–‡Ž‹‰‹„Ž‡‹–Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š’”‘˜‹•‹‘•Ǥ ‹ƒŽŽ›ǡ

ʹͶͲ“—ƒŽ‹ˆ‹‡††ƒ–ƒ…‘•‹•–‹‰‘ˆ͸Ͳ†ƒ–ƒ‘–Š‡‹•Š‹’Ž‡š‹…‘‘ˆˆƒ–Š‡”ǡ‘–Š‡”ǡ

‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”ǡƒ†‰”ƒ†‘–Š‡”™‡”‡ƒƒŽ›œ‡†‹•‡˜‡”ƒŽ™ƒ›•Ǥ

‹”•–Ž›ǡ –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡” ‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡† –Š‡ †‘‹ƒ– ˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† Ž‡ƒ•–

˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‹•Š‹’‹–Š‡†ƒ–ƒǤ‡…‘†Ž›ǡ–Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”…‘’ƒ”‡†–Š‡͵Ͳ†ƒ–ƒ

‘ˆ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–• ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹” ˆƒ–Š‡” ˜• ͵Ͳ †ƒ–ƒ ‘ˆ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–̵• ‹†Ȁ• ƒ††”‡••

–Š‡‹” ˆƒ–Š‡”ǡ ͵Ͳ †ƒ–ƒ ‘ˆ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–• ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹” ‘–Š‡” ˜• ͵Ͳ †ƒ–ƒ ‘ˆ

’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–̵•‹†Ȁ•ƒ††”‡••–Š‡‹”‘–Š‡”ǡ͵Ͳ†ƒ–ƒ‘ˆ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•ƒ††”‡••–Š‡‹”

‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”˜•͵Ͳ†ƒ–ƒ‘ˆ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–̵•‹†Ȁ•ƒ††”‡••–Š‡‹”‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”ǡƒ†͵Ͳ

†ƒ–ƒ‘ˆ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–ƒ††”‡••–Š‡‹”‰”ƒ†‘–Š‡”˜•͵Ͳ†ƒ–ƒ‘ˆ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–̵•‹†Ȁ•

ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹” ‰”ƒ†‘–Š‡”Ǥ Š‹”†Ž›ǡ †”ƒ™‹‰ –Š‡ –ƒ„Ž‡ ˆ‘” ‡ƒ…Š †ƒ–ƒ –‘

†‡‘•–”ƒ–‡–Š‡ˆ‹†‹‰•ǤŠ‡ǡ–Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”ƒƒŽ›•‡•–Š‡†ƒ–ƒ„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡

•‘…‹ƒŽ’”‡•–‹‰‡ƒ††‡•‹”‡”‡’”‡•‡–‡†‹–Š‡Ž‡š‹…‘‘ˆ‹•Š‹’ƒ††”‡••–‡”•Ǥ

ƒ•–Ž›ǡ –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡” …‘…Ž—†‡• –Š‡ •–—†›̵• ”‡•—Ž– –‘ •Š‘™ –Š‡ ‹†‡–‹–› ‘ˆ

ƒŽƒ‰’‡‘’Ž‡’‹…–—”‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡ˆ‹†‹‰•ƒ††‹•…—••‹‘‘ˆ‹•Š‹’–‡”•Ǥ

 FINDINGS 

Š‡ ”‡•—Ž–• ƒ”‡ †‡‘•–”ƒ–‡† ‹ ˆ‘—” –ƒ„Ž‡• „‡Ž‘™ǡ ƒŽ‘‰ ™‹–Š –Š‡

ƒƒŽ›•‹•Ǥ Š‡ –ƒ„Ž‡ ™ƒ• ‘”‰ƒ‹œ‡† „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ …ƒ–‡‰‘”› ™Š‡”‡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•

ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹” ˆƒ–Š‡” ƒ† ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•̵ ‹†• ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹” ˆƒ–Š‡”Ǥ Š‡ǡ

participants address their mother and participant’s kids’ address tŠ‡‹”‘–Š‡”Ǥ

‡š–ǡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–• ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹” ‰”ƒ†father and participant’s kids’ address

–Š‡‹” ‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”Ǥ ƒ•–ǡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–• ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹” ‰”ƒ†‘–Š‡” ƒ†

’ƒ”–‹cipant’s kids’ address their grandmother.

















Table 1. The Findings of the kinship of ‘Father’

No You address

your Father Quantity No Your kid address

their Father Quantity

ͳǤ Bapak ͳͲ ͳǤ Ayah ͳͶ

ʹǤ Ayah ͺ ʹǤ Papa ͻ

͵Ǥ Papa ͸ ͵Ǥ Bapak ͸

ͶǤ Abah ʹ ͶǤ Yayah ͳ

ͷǤ ƒ† ʹ Ǧ Ǧ Ǧ

͸Ǥ Papi ͳ - - -

͹Ǥ Pak e ͳ - - -

Total 30 Total 30



ƒ„Ž‡ ͳ …‘•‹•–• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˆƒ–Š‡”̵• ‹•Š‹’ –‡”• —•‡† „› –Š‡ ͵Ͳ

’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–• ƒ† –Š‡ ‹•Š‹’ ‘ˆ ˆƒ–Š‡” –Š‡› …Š‘•‡ ˆ‘” –Š‡‹” ‹†•Ǥ Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ͹

–›’‡• ‘ˆ ƒ††”‡•• –‡”• ˆ‘” ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•̵ ˆƒ–Š‡”• ƒ† Ͷ ƒ††”‡•• –‡”• –Šƒ–

’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–• ™ƒ–Ǥ ”‘ –Š‡ †ƒ–ƒ ƒ„‘˜‡ǡ –Š‡ Ž‡š‹…ƒŽ •Š‹ˆ– ”‡ˆŽ‡…–‡†ǡ ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š

•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡’”‡•–‹‰‡‹•Š‹’•, for instance ‘dad’ and ‘papi’ƒ”‡‘–ˆ‘—†‹†ƒ–ƒ

‹•Š‹’ ƒ††”‡•• „› –Š‡ ‹†• ‘ˆ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•Ǥ Š‡ Ž‡š‹…ƒŽ ‹•Š‹’ ƒ††”‡•• ‘ˆ

‘Bapak’†‘‹ƒ–Ž›—•‡†„›–Š‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•Ǥ…‘™Ž‡†‰‹‰–Š‡Ž‡š‹…ƒŽ‘Bapak’̵

is standard Indonesian for ‘father,’‹–‹•—†‡”•–ƒ†ƒ„Ž‡–Šƒ–•‘‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•

Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ •Š‹ˆ–‹‰ –Š‡ ”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ ™‹–Š –Š‡ †‘‡•‹ƒ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ •‹…‡

–Š‡›™‡”‡ƒ…Š‹Ž†Ǥ–Š‡•‡…‘†ƒ†–Š‹”†’‘•‹–‹‘•–Šƒ–ƒ”‡‘†‹ˆ‹‡†Ž‡š‹…ƒŽ

‘Bapak,’–Š‡›ƒ”‡‘Ayah,’–Š‡‘Papa.’–Š‡ˆ‘—”–Š’Žƒ…‡ǡ‹•Š‹’ƒ††”‡••‘Abah’

‹• ‹ˆŽ—‡…‡† „› ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—• ˆƒ…–‘”Ǥ ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ ‘Abah,’ –Š‡ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–̵•

ˆƒ‹Ž›™ƒ–•–‘•Š‘™–Š‡‹””‡Ž‹‰‹‘—•‹ƒ‰‡Ǥ

Next is ‘dad’ as a ‹•Š‹’–‡”–‘ƒ††”‡••ˆƒ–Š‡”–Šƒ–‹•‹ˆŽ—‡…‡†„›

‰Ž‹•ŠǤ–Š‡•‹š–Š’Žƒ…‡‹•‘Papi.’……‘”†‹‰–‘ƒŠƒ›—ȋʹͲͳͻȌǡ–Š‡‡‡”‰‡…‡

‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‡š‡‡‘Papi’ ‹•ƒ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‡š‡‡‘Papa’ –Šƒ––”‹‰‰‡”‡†„›–Š‡

‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰ ‡…‘‘‹… •–ƒ–—• ‘ˆ ƒ ˆƒ‹Ž›Ǥ Š‡ Žƒ•– ‘‡ ‹• ƒ •–ƒ†ƒ”† Ž‡š‡‡

ƒ†ƒ’–‹‰™‹–Š”‡‰‹‘ƒŽlexeme, ‘Pak e.’ ‘Pak e’‹•ƒƒ„„”‡˜‹ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‘Bapak’ƒ†

…‘„‹‡ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ’ƒ”–‹…Ž‡ 'e' ™Š‹…Š ‹†‹…ƒ–‡• possessiveness, from ‘father’

becomes ‘my father.’ Š‡ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ •Š‹ˆ– ‹• †‡‘•–”ƒ–‡† ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‹…”‡ƒ•‹‰

Ž‡š‡‡‘ˆ‘Ayah’ƒ†‘Papa,’ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‡†„›–Š‡†‡…”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž‡š‡‡‘ˆ‘Bapak.’Š‡

‹†‹…ƒ–‘” ‘ˆ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ •Š‹ˆ– ƒŽ•‘ ’‹…–—”‡† ˆ”‘ –Š‡ Ž‡š‡‡ ‘Yayah.’ ‘Papa,’ ƒ†

Humanities across Histories and Trajectories in the Glocal Contexts Humanities across Histories and Trajectories in the Glocal Contexts



Qonita Camelia A. Maula

ayah’ ƒ”‡ ‹–‡–‹‘ƒŽŽ› ƒ†‡ –‘ ‡”‹…Š –Š‡ —‹“—‡‡•• ‘ˆ ˆƒ–Š‡” ƒ††”‡••‹‰

term, so the participant’s family don't look the same ™‹–Š‘–Š‡”’‡‘’Ž‡Ǥ

Table 2. The Findings of the kinship of ‘Mother’

No You address

your Mother Quantity No Your kid address

their Mother Quantity

ͳǤ Ibu ͳ͵ ͳǤ Mama ͳͶ

ʹǤ Mama ͳͳ ʹǤ Ibu ͳʹ

͵Ǥ ‘ ʹ ͵Ǥ Bunda ͵

ͶǤ Imi ͳ ͶǤ Bubun ͳ

ͷǤ Mami ͳ Ǧ Ǧ Ǧ

͸Ǥ Buk e ͳ - - -

͹Ǥ Umi ͳ - - -

Total 30 Total 30

ƒ„Ž‡ ʹ Šƒ• ƒ Ž‘– ‘ˆ •‹‹Žƒ”‹–› ‹ –Š‡ ™ƒ› ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–• ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹”

‘–Š‡”™‹–Š–ƒ„Ž‡ͳǤƒ––Š‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•ƒ††”‡••–Š‡‹”ˆƒ–Š‡”ƒ•‹–‹•†‘‹ƒ–‡†

„›–Š‡•–ƒ†ƒ”††‘‡•‹ƒŽƒ‰—ƒ‰‡‘ˆ‘–Š‡”‹†•Š‹’–‡”‘ibu,’–Š‡'mama'

™‹–Š •Ž‹‰Š–Ž› †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ƒ‘—– ‘ˆ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ– „—– •–‹ŽŽ ‹ ƒ Žƒ”‰‡ —„‡”Ǥ Š‡

†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‡š‡‡'mama'™Š‹…Š‹•‹ˆŽ—‡…‡†„›•‘…‹ƒŽ•–ƒ–—•‹•ƒŽ•‘

ˆ‘—†ǡƒ‡Ž› 'mami.' K‹•Š‹’–‡”•‘ˆ‘–Š‡”–Šƒ–‡’Šƒ•‹œ‹‰–Š‡”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—•

•‹†‡ƒ”‡ƒŽ•‘ˆ‘—†ǡ•—…Šƒ•'umi.' ˆ–‡”–Šƒ–ǡƒ—‹“—‡ƒ††‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‹•Š‹’–‡”

™ƒ• ƒŽ•‘ ˆ‘—†ǡ ˆ‘” ‡šƒ’Ž‡ 'imi.' ‹ƒŽŽ›ǡ ̵—̵‡̵ ƒ• ƒ Ž‡š‡‡ –Šƒ– …‘„‹‡•

”‡‰‹‘ƒŽƒ†•–ƒ†ƒ”†Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡•‹•ƒŽ•‘ˆ‘—†‹–Š‡†ƒ–ƒǤƒ‡ƒ•‘Pak e’ǡ–Š‡

lexeme ‘Buk e’ adding particle ‘e’ after –Š‡ƒ„„”‡˜‹ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‘Ibu’–‘‘Buk.’

Š‡ ‹•Š‹’ –‡” ‘ˆ ‘–Š‡” –Šƒ– ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–• …Š‘‘•‡ ˆ‘” –Š‡‹” ‹†•

ƒ††”‡••‡•–Š‡‹”‘–Š‡”™ƒ•‘–ƒ•˜ƒ”‹‡†ƒ•–Š‡˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡‹•Š‹’–‡”

‘ˆ‘–Š‡”–Šƒ––Š‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•—•‡†ǤThere are only 4 variations, ‘Mama,’’ Ibu,’

‘Bunda,’ ƒ†‘Bubun.’††”‡••‘–Š‡”™‹–Š‘Ibu’ ƒ••–ƒ†ƒ”††‘‡•‹ƒ•–‹ŽŽ‹

†‡ƒ† „—– Ž‡•• ’‘’—Žƒ” ™‹–Š ‘Mama’ ™Š‹…Š Šƒ• Š‹‰Š‡” ’”‡•–‹‰‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡Ǥ Š‡

‹•Š‹’–‡”‘ˆ–Š‡‘–Š‡”„‡…‘‡•˜‡”›˜ƒ”‹‡†•Š‘™•ˆ”‘–Š‡‡‡”‰‡…‡‘ˆ

ƒ ˜ƒ”‹ƒ– ‘ˆ ‘Bunda’ ƒŽ‘‰ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‘†‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‘Bunda’ …ƒŽŽ‡†

‘Bubun.’‘’ƒ”‹‰ •‡˜‡”ƒŽ –‡”• ‘ˆ ƒ††”‡•• ‘–Š‡” „› ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–• ƒ†

’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•†‡•‹”‡ˆ‘”–Š‡‹”‹†•ǡ–Š‡†ƒ–ƒ‹†‹…ƒ–‡–Šƒ––Š‡Ž‡š‹…ƒŽ•Š‹ˆ–‹•˜‹˜‹†Ž›

•‡‡„›–Š‡•™‹–…Š‘˜‡”–Š‡‘•–—•‡†’‘•‹–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡•–ƒ†ƒ”†–‡”‘Ibu’™‹–Š

–Š‡‘†‡”‘‡•‘Mama’ƒ†ƒ‡™˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–‡”•ǡˆ‘”‹•–ƒ…‡ǡ ‘Bunda,’ ƒ†

‘Bubun.’

on Language, Literature and Mediaon Language, Literature and Media



ayah’ ƒ”‡ ‹–‡–‹‘ƒŽŽ› ƒ†‡ –‘ ‡”‹…Š –Š‡ —‹“—‡‡•• ‘ˆ ˆƒ–Š‡” ƒ††”‡••‹‰

term, so the participant’s family don't look the same ™‹–Š‘–Š‡”’‡‘’Ž‡Ǥ

Table 2. The Findings of the kinship of ‘Mother’

No You address

your Mother Quantity No Your kid address

their Mother Quantity

ͳǤ Ibu ͳ͵ ͳǤ Mama ͳͶ

ʹǤ Mama ͳͳ ʹǤ Ibu ͳʹ

͵Ǥ ‘ ʹ ͵Ǥ Bunda ͵

ͶǤ Imi ͳ ͶǤ Bubun ͳ

ͷǤ Mami ͳ Ǧ Ǧ Ǧ

͸Ǥ Buk e ͳ - - -

͹Ǥ Umi ͳ - - -

Total 30 Total 30

ƒ„Ž‡ ʹ Šƒ• ƒ Ž‘– ‘ˆ •‹‹Žƒ”‹–› ‹ –Š‡ ™ƒ› ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–• ƒ††”‡•• –Š‡‹”

‘–Š‡”™‹–Š–ƒ„Ž‡ͳǤƒ––Š‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•ƒ††”‡••–Š‡‹”ˆƒ–Š‡”ƒ•‹–‹•†‘‹ƒ–‡†

„›–Š‡•–ƒ†ƒ”††‘‡•‹ƒŽƒ‰—ƒ‰‡‘ˆ‘–Š‡”‹†•Š‹’–‡”‘ibu,’–Š‡'mama'

™‹–Š •Ž‹‰Š–Ž› †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ƒ‘—– ‘ˆ ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ– „—– •–‹ŽŽ ‹ ƒ Žƒ”‰‡ —„‡”Ǥ Š‡

†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‡š‡‡'mama'™Š‹…Š‹•‹ˆŽ—‡…‡†„›•‘…‹ƒŽ•–ƒ–—•‹•ƒŽ•‘

ˆ‘—†ǡƒ‡Ž› 'mami.' K‹•Š‹’–‡”•‘ˆ‘–Š‡”–Šƒ–‡’Šƒ•‹œ‹‰–Š‡”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—•

•‹†‡ƒ”‡ƒŽ•‘ˆ‘—†ǡ•—…Šƒ•'umi.' ˆ–‡”–Šƒ–ǡƒ—‹“—‡ƒ††‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‹•Š‹’–‡”

™ƒ• ƒŽ•‘ ˆ‘—†ǡ ˆ‘” ‡šƒ’Ž‡ 'imi.' ‹ƒŽŽ›ǡ ̵—̵‡̵ ƒ• ƒ Ž‡š‡‡ –Šƒ– …‘„‹‡•

”‡‰‹‘ƒŽƒ†•–ƒ†ƒ”†Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡•‹•ƒŽ•‘ˆ‘—†‹–Š‡†ƒ–ƒǤƒ‡ƒ•‘Pak e’ǡ–Š‡

lexeme ‘Buk e’ adding particle ‘e’ after –Š‡ƒ„„”‡˜‹ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‘Ibu’–‘‘Buk.’

Š‡ ‹•Š‹’ –‡” ‘ˆ ‘–Š‡” –Šƒ– ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–• …Š‘‘•‡ ˆ‘” –Š‡‹” ‹†•

ƒ††”‡••‡•–Š‡‹”‘–Š‡”™ƒ•‘–ƒ•˜ƒ”‹‡†ƒ•–Š‡˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡‹•Š‹’–‡”

‘ˆ‘–Š‡”–Šƒ––Š‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•—•‡†ǤThere are only 4 variations, ‘Mama,’’ Ibu,’

‘Bunda,’ ƒ†‘Bubun.’††”‡••‘–Š‡”™‹–Š‘Ibu’ ƒ••–ƒ†ƒ”††‘‡•‹ƒ•–‹ŽŽ‹

†‡ƒ† „—– Ž‡•• ’‘’—Žƒ” ™‹–Š ‘Mama’ ™Š‹…Š Šƒ• Š‹‰Š‡” ’”‡•–‹‰‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡Ǥ Š‡

‹•Š‹’–‡”‘ˆ–Š‡‘–Š‡”„‡…‘‡•˜‡”›˜ƒ”‹‡†•Š‘™•ˆ”‘–Š‡‡‡”‰‡…‡‘ˆ

ƒ ˜ƒ”‹ƒ– ‘ˆ ‘Bunda’ ƒŽ‘‰ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‘†‹ˆ‹…ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‘Bunda’ …ƒŽŽ‡†

‘Bubun.’‘’ƒ”‹‰ •‡˜‡”ƒŽ –‡”• ‘ˆ ƒ††”‡•• ‘–Š‡” „› ’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–• ƒ†

’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•†‡•‹”‡ˆ‘”–Š‡‹”‹†•ǡ–Š‡†ƒ–ƒ‹†‹…ƒ–‡–Šƒ––Š‡Ž‡š‹…ƒŽ•Š‹ˆ–‹•˜‹˜‹†Ž›

•‡‡„›–Š‡•™‹–…Š‘˜‡”–Š‡‘•–—•‡†’‘•‹–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡•–ƒ†ƒ”†–‡”‘Ibu’™‹–Š

–Š‡‘†‡”‘‡•‘Mama’ƒ†ƒ‡™˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–‡”•ǡˆ‘”‹•–ƒ…‡ǡ ‘Bunda,’ ƒ†

‘Bubun.’



Table 3 The Findings of the kinship of ‘Grandfather’

‘ You address your

Grandfather Quantity No Your kid address

your Father Quantity

ͳǤ Mbah kung ͹ ͳǤ Kakung ͹

ʹǤ Mbah ͹ ʹǤ Mbah ͷ

͵Ǥ Bapak ͵ ͵Ǥ Abah ͵

ͶǤ Kakung ͵ ͶǤ Eyang kung ͵

ͷǤ Eyang kung ʹ ͷǤ Mbah kung ͵

͸Ǥ Mbah + his name ͳ ͸Ǥ Bapak ʹ

͹Ǥ Opa ͳ ͹Ǥ Papa kung ͳ

ͺǤ Pak wek ͳ ͺǤ Oppung ͳ

ͻǤ Abah ͳ ͻǤ ”ƒ†’ƒ ͳ

ͳͲǤ Papa + his name ͳ ͳͲǤ Oppi ͳ

ͳͳǤ Oppung ͳ ͳͳǤ Kakek ͳ

ͳʹǤ Iyung ͳ ͳʹǤ Akung ͳ

ͳ͵Ǥ Kakek ͳ ͳ͵Ǥ Ngkong ͳ

Total 30 Total 30

ƒ„Ž‡͵†‡‘•–”ƒ–‡†ƒ›˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆƒ††”‡••–‡”•‘ˆ‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”ǡ

ˆ”‘”‡‰‹‘ƒŽŽƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ǡ•–ƒ†ƒ”††‘‡•‹ƒǡƒ†‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽŽƒ‰—ƒ‰‡—•ƒ‰‡

‘”‰Ž‹•ŠǤ–Š‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•̵ƒ††”‡••–Š‡‹”‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”†ƒ–ƒǡ–Š‡†‘‹ƒ…‡‘ˆ

†ƒ–ƒ —•‹‰ ”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ ˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘• ‹• ’‘”–”ƒ›‡†ǡ •—…Š ƒ• ‘Mbah kung’

‘Mbah’ ‘Kakung’ ‘Mbah+his name’ ‘Iyung’ ƒ† ‘Oppung.’ Although ‘Iyung’ ƒ†

‘Oppung’ ƒ”‡ –Š‡ ƒ††”‡•• –‡” ‘ˆ ‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”• ‹ –Š‡ ”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡

‘”‹‰‹ƒŽŽ› ˆ”‘ ‘—–•‹†‡ ƒ˜ƒǡ –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡” •–‹ŽŽ ‹…Ž—†‡ –Š‡ ‹ –Š‡ †ƒ–ƒǤ

‡…ƒ—•‡–Š‡†ƒ–ƒ™ƒ•‘„–ƒ‹‡†ˆ”‘’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•™Š‘Ž‹˜‡‹ƒŽƒ‰„—––Š‡‹”

‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡”•†‘‹…‹Ž‡†‘—–•‹†‡ ƒ˜ƒǤ

 ‘”‡‘˜‡”ǡ•‡˜‡”ƒŽ‹•Š‹’ƒ††”‡••–‡”•‹†‹…ƒ–‡Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡•Š‹ˆ–‹–Š‡

ˆƒ‹Ž›ǡ•—…Šƒ•‘Bapak’ƒ†‘Kakek’ ƒ•–Š‡•–ƒ†ƒ”††‘‡•‹ƒ‘‡•ǡ‘Pak wek’

ƒ•–Š‡‘†‹ˆ‹‡†ˆ”‘•–ƒ†ƒ”†Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡‘Bapak’ ƒ†”‡‰‹‘ƒŽŽƒ‰—ƒ‰‡‘tuwek’

ƒ† ‘Opa’ ƒŽ•‘„‡…‘‡•ƒ‹†‹…ƒ–‘”‘ˆŽƒ‰—ƒ‰‡•Š‹ˆ–„‡…ƒ—•‡‘Opa’‘ˆ–‡ˆ‘—†

‹„‹‰…‹–‹‡••—…Šƒ• ƒƒ”–ƒ”ƒ–Š‡”–ŠƒƒŽƒ‰ȋƒŠƒ›—ǡʹͲͳͻȌ. Š‡”‡•‡ƒ”…Š‡”

ƒŽ•‘ †‹•…‘˜‡”• –Š‡ ‹•Š‹’ ƒ††”‡•• –‡” ‘ˆ ‰”ƒ†ˆƒ–Š‡” ™Š‹…Š •Š‘™• Š‹‰Š‡”

’”‡•–‹‰‡ ƒ††”‡•• –‡”ǡ ˆ‘” ‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ ‘Papa+his name.’ Š‡ ˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘ †‹† ‘–

change much in the participants’ kids address term of grandfather data because

–Š‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•™‡”‡‘”‡Ž‹‡Ž›–‘ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™–Š‡–‡”‘ˆ–Š‡‹”’ƒ”‡–Ǥ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ

–Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ —‹“—‡ ˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘• ™‹–Š Š‹‰Š‡” ’”‡•–‹‰‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡ ‹• ‘„–ƒ‹‡†ǡ

•—…Š ƒ• ‘Oppi’ ‘Papa kung’ and ‘Grandpa.’ Š‹• ˆ‹†‹‰ ‹• •—’’‘”–‡† „› –Š‡

”‡•—Ž–• ‘ˆ –Š‡ “—‡•–‹‘ƒ‹”‡ ™Š‹…Š •Š‘™• –Šƒ– ‘•– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡•’‘†‡–•

…‘•…‹‘—•Ž› ƒ† —…‘•…‹‘—•Ž› ‘†‹ˆ‹‡† –Š‡ ‹†•Š‹’ –‡”• ‘ˆ ‰”ƒ†’ƒ”‡–

Humanities across Histories and Trajectories in the Glocal Contexts Humanities across Histories and Trajectories in the Glocal Contexts



Qonita Camelia A. Maula

ˆ”‘Ž‡••’”‡•–‹‰‹‘—•–‘‘”‡’”‡•–‹‰‹‘—•‘‡•Ǥ‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ‰”‡‡ƒ„‘—––Š‡

changes of grandparent’s kinship term as an attempt to modernize their family.

‡ƒ™Š‹Ž‡ǡ‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–••–ƒ–‡†–Šƒ–•Š‡‹‹–ƒ–‡•–Š‡‹•Š‹’–‡”•

with higher prestige from her cousins. The modification of grandparent’s

‹†•Š‹’ –‡”• Šƒ’’‡•‹ „‘–Š Kota ƒŽƒ‰ƒ† Kabupaten ƒŽƒ‰ǡ „—– –Š‡

Ž‡š‹…‘•Š‹ˆ–ƒ‹Ž›ˆ‘—†ˆ”‘”‡•’‘†‡–†‘‹…‹Ž‡†ˆ”‘Kabupaten ƒŽƒ‰Ǥ

Table 4 The Findings of the kinship of ‘Grandmother’

‘ You address your

Grandmother Quantity ‘ Your kid address

your Mother Quantit

ͳǤ Mbah uti ͹ ͳǤ Uti y ͺ

ʹǤ Emak ͷ ʹǤ Mbah ͷ

͵Ǥ Mbah Ͷ ͵Ǥ Eyang putri Ͷ

ͶǤ Uti ʹ ͶǤ Ibu ͵

ͷǤ Nenek ʹ ͷǤ Umi ʹ

͸Ǥ Mbah + her name ͳ ͸Ǥ Mbah buk ͳ

͹Ǥ Mbah oma ͳ ͹Ǥ Titi ͳ

ͺǤ Umi ͳ ͺǤ Oppung boru ͳ

ͻǤ Mbok ͳ ͻǤ Ommi ͳ

ͳͲǤ Ibu ͳ ͳͲǤ ”ƒ†ƒ ͳ

ͳͳǤ Oppung boru ͳ ͳͳǤ Imi ͳ

ͳʹǤ Mamak ͳ ͳʹǤ Nenek ͳ

ͳ͵Ǥ Oma ͳ ͳ͵Ǥ Nini ͳ

ͳͶǤ Mbah buk ͳ Ǧ Ǧ Ǧ

ͳͷǤ Eyang ͳ Ǧ Ǧ Ǧ

Total 30 Total 30



–Š‡Žƒ•––ƒ„Ž‡ǡ–ƒ„Ž‡Ͷǡ–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡‘”‡˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆƒ††”‡••–‡”•„›

’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•–‘–Š‡‹”‰”ƒ†‘–Š‡”•ǤŠ‡ƒ††”‡••–‡”˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ

‘‡• •‡‡ –‘ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ Š‹‰Š‡” ‹–‡•‹–› ‘ˆ —•‡ǡ ˆ‘” ‹•–ƒ…‡ǡ ̵Mbah uti’ ‘Emak’

‘Mbok,’ etc.Š‹•‹†‹…ƒ–‡•–Šƒ–Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ƒ‹–‡ƒ…‡‹•˜‹•‹„Ž›‘……—””‹‰‹–Š‡

›‘—‰‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ‡•‹†‡•ǡ–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡‘”‡’”‡•–‹‰‹‘—•‘‡•ǡ•—…Š

ƒ• ‘Nenek’ ‘Oma’ ‘Mamak’ ƒ† ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—• ‘‡•ǡ ˆ‘” ‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ ‘Umi.’ There are

•‡˜‡”ƒŽ‡š’ƒ•‹‘•‘ˆ‰”ƒ†‘–Š‡”̵•ƒ††”‡••–‡rm used by participants’‹†•ǡ

ˆ‘” ‹•–ƒ…‡ǡ ‘Titi’ ‘Imi’ ‘Ommi’ ‘Nini’ ƒ† ̵”ƒ†ƒǤ̵ – …ƒ „‡ •‡‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡

†‘‹ƒ…‡ •…ƒŽ‡ –Šƒ– ”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ –‡”• ƒ”‡ •–‹ŽŽ ‘”‡ ™‹†‡Ž› —•‡† „‡…ƒ—•‡

’ƒ”–‹…‹’ƒ–•…Š‘‘•‡–‘ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™–Š‡ƒ††”‡••–‡”•—•‡†„›–Š‡‹”’ƒ”‡–•Ǥ–Š‡

‘–Š‡” Šƒ†ǡ •‘‡ ƒ††”‡•• –‡”• Šƒ˜‡ ƒ Š‹‰Š‡” ’”‡•–‹‰‡ ˜ƒŽ—‡ –‘ ƒ…Š‹‡˜‡ –Š‡

†‡•‹”‡ˆ‘”ƒ„‡––‡”•‘…‹ƒŽ•–ƒ–—•Ǥ

 DISCUSSIONS