Systems Analysis and Design

(1)

Syst e m s An a lysis a n d

Alan Dennis, Barbara Wixom , and David

Tegarden

ega de

John Wiley & Sons, I nc.

Slides by Fred Niederm an

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegarden Systems Analysis and Design

(2)

Copyright © 2001

J h Wil

& S

I

John Wiley & Sons, I nc.

All right s reserved. Reproduct ion or t ranslat ion of t his

work beyond t hat perm it t ed in Sect ion 117 of t he 1976

Unit ed St at es Copyright Act wit hout t he express writ t en

perm ission of t he copyright owner is unlawful.

p

py g

Request for furt her inform at ion should be addressed t o

t he Perm issions Depart m ent , John Wiley & Sons, I nc.

The purchaser m ay m ake back- up copies for his/ her own

The purchaser m ay m ake back up copies for his/ her own

use only and not for redist ribut ion or resale.

The Publisher assum es no responsibilit y for errors,

om issions, or dam ages, caused by t he use of t hese

(3)

Obj

t i

Obj e ct ive s

■

Underst and several fundam ent al user int erface

design principles.

■

Underst and t he process of user int erface design.

■

Underst and how t o design t he user int erface

■

Underst and com m only used principles and

t echniques for navigat ion design.

■

Underst and com m only used principles and

■

Underst and com m only used principles and

t echniques for input design.

■

Underst and com m only used principles and

t echniques for out put design.

PowerPoint Presentation for Dennis, Wixom & Tegardem Systems Analysis and Design

Slide 3

t echniques for out put design.

(4)

(5)

P i

i l

Pr in ciple s

(6)

Use r I n t e r fa ce D e sign

Pr oce ss

(7)

K

D fi it i

(8)

K

D fi it i

Ke y D e fin it ion s

The

graphical user int erface

The

graphical user int erface

( GUI )

is t he m ost com m on t ype

f

d

(9)

U

S

i

D

l

Use Sce n a r io D e ve lopm e n t

(10)

W i d

N

i

D i

(11)

I

f

S

d

D

i

I n t e r fa ce St a n da r ds D e sign

The

int erface st andards

are t he

The

int erface st andards

are t he

basic design elem ent s t hat are

h

d

l

com m on across t he individual

screens, form s, and report s

wit hin t he syst em .

(12)

I

f

D

i

P

i

I nt erface Evaluat ion

Heurist ic

Walkt hrough

I nt eract ive

(13)

N AV I GATI ON D ESI GN

(14)

B

i

P i

i l

(15)

B

i

P i

i l

Ba sic Pr in ciple s

Prevent m ist akes

Lim it choices

Never display com m ands t hat can’t be

used ( or “ gray t hem out ” )

C

fi

t i

t h t

diffi

lt

Confirm act ions t hat are difficult or

im possible t o undo

Si

lif

f

i

k

Sim plify recover from m ist akes

Use consist ent gram m ar order

Slide 15

(16)

Type s of N a viga t ion

Nat ural language

a u a a guage

Menus

Generally aim at broad shallow m enu

Consider using “ hot keys”

Direct Manipulat ion

Used w it h icons t o st art program s

Used t o shape and size obj ect s

(17)

A Tr a dit ion a l M e n u in a

UN I X S

t

UN I X Syst e m

(18)

C

T

f M

(19)

E

l

f

I

M

Ex a m ple of a n I m a ge M a p

(20)

(21)

M

Ti

M e ssa ge Tips

Should be clear concise and

Should be clear, concise, and

com plet e

Should be gram m at ically correct

and free of j argon and

abbreviat ions ( unless t hey are

t he users)

Avoid negat ives and hum or

(22)

(23)

An Ex a m ple of Cr a ft in g a n

E

M

Er r or M e ssa ge

(24)

Y

T

You r Tu r n

Pret end t hat you are designing

t he new int erface t o a career

services syst em at your

universit y.

(25)

I N PUT D ESI GN

(26)

B

i

P i

i l

Ba sic Pr in ciple s

The goal is t o sim ply and easily

capt ure accurat e inform at ion for

(27)

On lin e ve r su s Ba t ch

P

i

Pr oce ssin g

Online processing

im m ediat ely records

Online processing

im m ediat ely records

t he t ransact ion in t he appropriat e

dat abase

Bat ch processing

collect s input s over

t im e and ent ers t hem int o t he syst em at

y

one t im e in a bat ch

Bat ch processing sim plifies dat a

com m unicat ions and ot her processes,

but m eans t hat invent ory and ot her

t t

t

i l

t i

Slide 27

(28)

Ca pt u r e D a t a a t t h e

S

Sou r ce

Reduces duplicat e w ork

Reduces processing t im e

Decreases cost

(29)

S

D t

A t

t i

opt ical charact er recognit ion

m agnet ic st ripe readers

sm art cards

H ow ca n in t e r n e t b e u se d f or

sou r ce d a t a a u t om a t ion ?

(30)

M i i

i

K

t

k

M in im iz e Ke yst r ok e s

Never ask for inform at ion t hat

can be obt ained in anot her way

List select ion is m ore efficient

t han ent ering inform at ion

Use default values where

possible

(31)

T

f I

t

Type s of I n pu t s

Dat a it em s linked t o fields

Text

Num bers

Select ion boxes

(32)

T

f I

t B

(33)

T

f S l

t i

B

(34)

(35)

Y

T

and what dat a fields would be used

What validit y checks would you need?

(36)

(37)

B

i

P i

i l

Ba sic Pr in ciple s

Underst and report usage

Reference or cover- t o- cover?

Frequency?

Real- t im e or bat ch report s?

Real t im e or bat ch report s?

Manage inform at ion load

All d d

i f

i

All needed inform at ion, no m ore

Minim ize bias

(38)

(39)

T

f R

t

(40)

R

t M di

Re por t M e dia

Elect ronic

(41)

Y

T

You r Tu r n

Under what condit ions would you be

m ost likely t o replace report s on

paper w it h ones delivered

elect ronically? When m ight you

NOT want t o m ake t he change?

(42)

(43)

(44)

S

Su m m a r y

The fundam ent al goal of

navigat ion

The fundam ent al goal of

navigat ion

design

is t o m ake t he syst em as sim ple

t o use as possible

p

(45)

E

di

t h

D

i

Ex pa n din g t h e D om a in

For m any years t he Universit y

For m any years, t he Universit y

of Maryland has been a leader

h f

d

h

in research for ideas in hum

an-com put er int erfaces. For m ore

inform at ion invest igat e:

ht t p: / / w w w cs um d edu/ hcil/

ht t p: / / w w w .cs.um d.edu/ hcil/