COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE
Gambar 1
Model Kompetensi Komunikatif dari Celce-Murcia et al.1995:10
dalam Puskur 2004;6
Socio-cultural competence
Actional Competence Linguistic
Competence
Strategic Competence
GENRE
GENRE SOCIAL FUNCTION GENERIC STRUCTURE SIGNIFICANT LEXICOGRAMMATICALFEATURES
D E S C R IP T IV
E To describe a particular person, place or thing
Identification:
Identifies phenomenon to be described
Description:
Describes parts, qualities, characteristics
Focus on specific participants Use attributive and identifying
processes
Frequent use of epithets classifiers in nominal groups
Use of Simple Present Tense
R E P O R T
To describe the way things are, with reference to a range of natural, man made, and social phenomena in our environment
General classification:
Tells what the phenomenon under discussion is Description:
Tells what the phenomenon under discussion is like in term:
1. Parts 2. Qualities
3. Habit or behaviors, if living; uses, if non formal
Focus on Generic Participants Use of relational processes to state what is and that which it is Use of Simple Present Tense
(Unless extinct) No temporal sequence
P R O C E D U R E
To describe how something is
accomplished through a sequence of action steps
Goal
Materials:
(Not required for all procedural text)
Step 1-n:
(i.e. Goal followed by a series of steps oriented to achieving the goal)
Focus on generalized human agent
Use of Simple Present Tense, often imperative
Use mainly of temporal conjunctions (or numbering to indicate sequence)
Use mainly of Material Processes
R E C O U N T
To retell events for the purpose of informing or entertaining
Orientation:
Provides the setting and introduces participants
Events:
Tell what happened, in what sequence
Re-Orientation:
Optional-closure of events
Focus on specific participants Use of materials processes Circumstances of time or place Use of Past Tense
Focus on temporal sequence
N A R R A T IV E
To amuse, entertain and to deal with actual or various experience in different ways
Narrative deal with problematic events which lead to a crisis or turning point of some kinds, which in turn finds a resolution
Orientation:
Sets the scene and introduces the participants
Evaluation:
A stepping back to evaluate the plight
Complication: A crisis arises
Resolution:
The crisis is resolved, for better or for worse
Re-orientation: Optional
Focus on specific and usually individualized participants Use of material processes (and in
this text, Behavioral and Verbal process)
Use of relational process and mental process
Use of temporal conjunctions and temporal Circumstances
Use Past Tense
A N E C T D O T E
To share with others an account of unusual or amusing incident
Abstract:
Signals the retelling of an unusual incident
Orientation: Sets the scene
Crisis:
Provides details of the unusual incident
Reaction: Reaction to crisis
Coda:
Optional reflection or evaluation of the incident
Use of exclamations, rhetorical questions and intensifiers (really, very, quite etc.) to point up the significance of the events Use of material processes to tell
what happened
Use of temporal conjunctions
Gambar 2
PETA KONSEP
HUMAN’S FACE DESCRIPTION
Gambar 3
Peta Konsep Diskripsi Wajah
HUMAN’S
FACE
FACE
SKIN
EYES
PETA KONSEP
HUMAN’S BODY DESCRIPTION
Gambar 4
Peta Konsep
Human’s Body Description
FAT/
THIN
HUMAN’S
BODY
OLD/
YOUNG
WEARS
………..
WEARS
…………
TALL/
PETA KONSEP
PERSONAL DESCRIPTION
Gambar 5
Peta Konsep
Personal Description
What
should you
describe?
EYES
SKIN
NOSE
HAIR
SHAPE
FAT/ THIN
OLD/
YOUNG
WEARS
…………
TALL/
SHORT
WEARS
………….
FOTO KEGIATAN PEMBELAJARAN
SIKLUS II
FOTO KEGIATAN PEMBELAJARAN
SIKLUS III
