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APPROVAL SHEET
Bandung, July 2011
_____________________________________
Prof. Dr. A. Chaedar Alwasilah, M.A (Main Supervisor)
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DECLARATION
I hereby to certify that this thesis entitled “ Teaching Writing Report
text: A Case Study at SMPN 6 Cirebon” is completely my own work.
I am fully aware that I have quoted some statements and ideas from
various sources. All quotations are properly acknowledged.
Signed ………
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I am very grateful as there are many people have helped me throughout
this study. My first and foremost thanks go to my supervisor, Bapak Prof. A
Chaedar Alwasilah and Ibu Emi Emilia.M.A, Phd. Bapak Prof. Alwasilah has
given valuable advices, strong encouragement, and sustained support for the
whole course of this study and Ibu Emi.Emilia,M.A,Phd has been the
Co-Supervisor who gives some lights on the process of doing my Thesis. Without Ibu
Emilia guidance and supervision, I can hardly imagine the completion of the
thesis. It has indeed been a great privilege and pleasure to work under the
guidance of both supervisors which made me experience new things.
My special thanks and appreciation would be for both the Examiners,
Bapak Odo Fadloeli,DR,M.A and Bapak Didi Sukyadi,DR.M.A who seriously
commented and criticized the draft from many aspects.
For my big family and my friends in SMPN 17 Cirebon, SMPN 14
Cirebon and SMPN 6 Cirebon, my friends in Pasca like: Surya, Selly, Dwi Warry,
Anik, Gultom, Naftali, Philip, etc thanks for all of you who never gave up
supporting and convincing me that I was able to finish my study. I dedicate this
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ABSTRACT
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LIST OF APPENDICES xi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
1.1. Background of the Study 1 1.2. Purposes of the Study 4 1.3. The Research Questions 5 1.4. Scope of the Study 5 1.5. The Significance of the Study 5 1.6. Thesis Organization 6
CHAPTER II: LITERATU REVIEW
2.1. Genre Based Approach (GBA) 7 2.1.1. Introduction 7 2.2. Basic Principles of the GBA 8
2.3 Text Type 10
2.4. The Phases of genre based approach (GBA) 13
2.4.1 BKOF 14
2.4.2. Deconstruction or Modeling 16 2.4.2.1. Familiarizing the texts 16 2.4.2.2. Presenting the text organization and
Linguistic Features 17 2.4.2.3. Presenting A Model of Report Text 17 2.4.3. Joint Construction 17 2.4.3.1. Grouping the students 17 2.4.3.2. Approaching each group at the start of JC 18 2.4.3.3. Observing Students’ Problem in Composing
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2.5. Report Text 20
2.5.1. The Text Organization of Report Text 20 2.5.2. The Language Features of Report Text 20 2.6. The Assessment of Writing under the GBA 21 2.7. Systemic Functional Grammar 22 2.8. Concluding Remark 24
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1. The Research Site 25 3.2. The Research Design 26 3.3. The Participant of The Study 26 3.4. The Data Collection Method 27 3.4.1. The Ongoing Class Observation 28 3.4.2. The Use of Interviews 28 3.4.3. The Collection of the Questionnaires 30 3.4.3.1.The Data from Students’ Questionnaire 31 3.4.3.2. The Data from English Teacher’s Questionnaire 31 3.4.4. The Collection of The Students Written Text 31 3.5. The Data Analysis 33 3.6. Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG) 34 3.6.1. The Theme System 35 3.6.2. The Transitivity System 36 3.6.2.1. Material Processes 36 3.6.2.2. Mental Processes 37 3.6.2.3. Behavioral Processes 37 3.6.2.4. Verbal Processes 38 3.6.2.5. Relational Processes 38 3.6.2.6. Existential Processes 38 3.6.2.7. The Conjunction System 39 3.6.2.8. Modality 39 3.7. Concluding Remark 39
CHAPTER IV: DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1. Introduction 41
4.2. Data from Observation 41 4.2.1. The First Phase: The Activity of BKOF 41 4.2.2. The Second Phase: Modeling of Text 43 4.2.2.1. Familiarizing The Texts 43 4.2.2.2. Presenting The Text Organization and Linguistic
Features 44
4.2.2.3. Presenting A Model Text in Bahasa Indonesia 44 4.2.3. The Third Phase: Joint Construction 46 4.2.3.1. Grouping The Students 46 4.2.3.2. Approaching Each Group at The start of Joint
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4.2.3.3. Observing Students’ Problems in Writing Report
Text 51
4.2.4. The Fourth Phase: Independent Construction 53 4.3. Data from Interviews 54 4.3.1. The Individual Interview 54 4.3.1.1. The Students’ Perception in Writing Report Text 54 4.3.1.2. The Benefit 55 4.3.1.3. The Problems 55 4.3.2. The Focus Group Interview 56 4.3.3. The Teacher’s Interview 58
4.3.3.1. The Teacher’s Strategy in Teaching of Writing
Report Text 58
4.3.3.2. The problems 59 4.3.3.2.1. The Way of Grouping 59 4.3.3.2.2. The Problems in Composing The Text 60 4.3.3.2.3. The Time to Give An Explicit Teaching 61 4.4. Data from Questionnaires 62 4.4.1. Data from Students’ Questionnaires 62
4.4.1.1. The Students Perception toward The Teaching
Writing of Report Text 63 4.4.1.2. The Problems 63 4.4.2. Data from English Teacher’s Questionnaire 65 4.4.2.1. Data from English Teacher’s Questionnaire 65 4.4.2.2. The Strategy of the English Teacher In Helping
Students’ Problems 66 4.5. Analysis of Students’ Written Texts 66
4.5.1. The Text Organization and Linguistic Features Text of
4.2; 4.3; 4.8 in General in JC (1) 69 4.5.2. The Text Organization and Linguistic Features Text of
4.2; 4.3; 4.8 in JC (2) 72 4.5.2.1. The Analysis of Text Organization Linguistic
Feature text of 4.2 72 4.5.2.1.1. The Text Organization Text of 4.2 73 4.5.2.1.2. The Linguistic Features Text of 4.2 74 4.5.2.2. The Text Organization and Linguistic Features
Text of 4.3. 76
4.5.2.2.1. The Text Organization Text of 4.3 77 4.5.2.2.2. The Linguistic Features Text of 4.3 78 4.5.2.3. The Analysis of Text Organization and Linguistic
Features Text of 4.8 80 4.5.2.3.1. The Text Organization Text of 4.8 81 4.5.2.3.2. The Linguistic features Text of 4.8 82 4.5.3. The Text Organization and Linguistic Features in
Independent Construction 83 4.5.3.1. The Analysis of Text Organization and
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4.5.3.1.1. The Text Organization Text of 4.2 84 4.5.3.1.2. The Linguistic Feature Text of 4.2 85 4.5.3.2. The Analysis of Text Organization and Linguistic
Feature of Text 4.3 87 4.5.3.2.1. The Text Organization Text of 4.3 88 4.5.3.2.2. The Linguistic Feature of Text 4.3 90 4.5.3.3. The Analysis of Text Organization and Linguistic
Feature Text of 4.8 91 4.5.3.3.1. The Text Organization Text of 4.8 91 4.5.3.3.2. The Linguistic Features Text 4.8 93 4.6. Concluding Remarks 95
CHAPTER V : Conclusion and Recommendation
5.1. Conclusion 96
5.2. Recommendations 97
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LIST OF TABLES
Page
Table 2.1 Text Type 11
Table 3.1 Overview of Interviews 29
Table 3.2 Factual Writing Assessment Criteria 32
Table 4.1 Problems of Students in Writing Report Text 64
Table 4.2 Text 4.2 by Hafidz 67
Table 4.3 Text 4.3 by Adytia 68
Table 4.4 Text 4.8 by Desy 68
Table 4.5 Text 4.2 by Hafidz 72
Table 4.6 Text 4.3 by Adytia 76
Table 4.7 Text 4.8 by Desy 80
Table 4.8 Text 4.2 by Hafidz 83
Table 4.9 Text 4.3 by Adytia 88
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LIST OF FIGURE
Page
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APPENDICES
Page
1. The Data from Student’s Interview 106
2. The Data from Teacher’s Interview 112
3. The Examples of Text’s Analysis 115
4. The Report Text Material 123
5. The RPP of Report Text 146
6. The Examples of Student’ Questionnaire 157
7. TheTeacher’s Questionnaire 165
8. The Example of Final Draft of Report Text 172
9. The Example of Teacher’s Feedback in the Second Draft 173
