ppmv Era Pre-Industri Konsentrasi CO

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50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 Era Pre-Industri 1990 2015 2018 Konsentrasi CO2 180 353 399 407 pp m v

(4)

Sumber : J.G.J. Olivier, K.M. Schure and J.A.H.W. Peters, 2018 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 China United States European Union India Russian Federation Gt C O 2 e q Energi 68% Pertanian 11% Industri 7% Lainnya* 14% Sumber : IEA, 2016

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Indikator Hutan Tropis Kebun Sawit

Asimilasi kotor (ton CO2/ha/tahun) 163.5 161.0

Total respirasi (ton CO2/ha/tahun) 121.1 96.5

Asimilasi neto (ton CO2/ha/tahun) 42.4 64.5

Produksi oksigen/O2 (ton O2/ha/tahun) 7.09 18.70

Indeks luas daun 7.3 5.6

Efisiensi fotosintesis (%) 1.73 3.18

Efisiensi konversi radiasi (g/mj) 0.86 1.68

Total biomas di area (ton/ha) 431 100

Incremental biomas (ton/ha/tahun) 5.8 8.3

Produktivitas bahan kering (ton/ha/tahun) 25.7 36.5

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Produksi Minyak Sawit 55 juta ton

Potensi Biomas Sawit (BK) 268 juta ton per tahun

Potensi Biolistrik dari Tandan Kosong 1173 MW

Potensi Biogas dari POME 5.7 Milyar M3 atau

931 MW biolistrik

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Sumber : USDA 2021 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 jut a M T

Indonesia Malaysia Row

15% 55% 30% 1980 58% 26% 16% 2020

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5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 45.0 50.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2018 Jut a T on C P O jut a hek ta r

Rakyat Negara Swasta Produksi CPO

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0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 ju ta h ek ta r

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1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00

Jan Feb Mar Apr Mei Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Series1 3.81 3.61 3.58 4.04 3.97 4.50 4.23 4.80 5.19 5.24 4.58 4.04 Jut a t on Sumber : GAPKI Tahun 2020

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450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1,000 1,050 1,100 1,150 Jan -1 5 A p r Ju l O ct Jan -1 6 A p r Ju l O ct Jan -1 7 A p r Ju l O ct Jan -1 8 A p r Ju l O ct Jan -1 9 A p r Ju l O ct Jan -2 0 A p r Ju l O ct U SD/M T

Palm Oil Soybean Oil Rapeseed Oil Sunflower Oil

Sumber : World Bank

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50

Palm Oil Rapeseed Sunflower Soybean

4.30 0.70 0.52 _0.45 ton /h a

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0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 1,104 1,300 3,000 2,400 2,300 900 1,300 3,000 1,300 Ev ap o tr an sp ir as i ( mm/t ah u n )

Kebutuhan Air Kelapa Sawit Lebih Rendah dari Tanaman Hutan

Sumber : Coster, C. 1938. Superficial Run-off and Erosion In Java. Tevtona 31 : 613-728 Sumber : Sumber : Mekonnen M. M and A.Y. Hoekstra (2010)

Perbandingan Kebutuhan Air Tanaman

61,205 19,928 13,747 4,028 3,366 2,926 2,687 2,270 2,144 1,674 _1,097 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 m 3/ to n

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INDIKATOR Palm Oil (PO) Soybean Oil (SBO) Rapeseed Oil (RSO)

Emissions to soil/water:

Residu Nitrogen (Kg/ton minyak nabati) 5 32 10

Residu Phosphate (Kg/ton minyak nabati) 2 23 13

Residu Pesticides/herbicides (Kg/ton minyak nabati) 0.4 23 9

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Penyerapan neto CO2

Kelapa Sawit 64.5 ton CO2/ha/tahun

Soybean 6.3 ton CO2/ha/tahun

Rapeseed 11 ton CO2/ha/ tahun

Sunflower 8 ton CO2/ha/tahun

Produksi Oksigen

Kelapa Sawit 18.7 ton O2/Ha/tahun

Soybean 2 ton O2/Ha/tahun

Rapeseed 3 ton O2/Ha/tahun

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UNGGUL - 8

Perkembangan sertifikasi ISPO di Indonesia

Sumber : sekretariat ISPO

Sumber : RSPO

Negara Produsen Minyak Sawit Berkelanjutan Tersertifikasi 2,000,000 4,000,000 6,000,000 8,000,000 10,000,000 12,000,000 14,000,000 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

Luas (hektar) CPO (ton) Brazil (0.8%)

Costa Rica (1.2%) Combodia (0.4%) Colombia (1.9) Ecuador (0.2%) Gabon (0.6%) Ghana (0.4%) Guatemala (1.9%) Honduras (1.0%) Indonesia (55.9%) Cote d'lvoire (0.4%) Madagascar (0.0%) Malaysia (29.8%)

Papua New Guinea (5.0%) Soloman Island (0.3%) Thailand (0.2%) Nigeria (0.1%)

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UNGGUL - 9

45 40 58 62 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Rapeseed Biodiesel Soybean Biodiesel Sunflower Biodiesel Palm Oil Biodiesel

(methane capture)

Waste Cooking Oil/Vegetable Oil

88

Sumber : European Commission Joint Research Centre

Mengganti solar fosil dengan biodiesel sawit menurunkan Emisi 62%

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Dampak

Nilai

Deforestasi Dunia Naik (Juta Ha)

17.7 Polusi Nitrogen Tanah/ Air Dunia Naik (Ribu Ton)

216.0 Polusi Posfor Tanah/ Air Dunia Naik (Ribu Ton)

168.0 Polusi Pestisida Tanah/ Air Dunia Naik (Ribu Ton)

180.8

Sumber : Data Dasar FAO; Oil World

UNGGUL - 10

Biofuel Sawit Kurangi Deforestasi dan Polutan Dunia

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2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Produksi 1.81 2.22 2.81 3.96 1.65 3.66 3.42 6.17 8.40 8.59 Konsumsi 0.36 0.67 1.05 1.84 0.92 3.01 2.57 3.75 6.39 8.43 Ekspor 1.45 1.55 1.76 1.63 0.33 0.48 0.19 1.80 1.32 0.03 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 Jut a KL

PERKEMBANGAN BIODIESEL INDONESIA

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Sumber : statista.com

INDONESIA RAJA BIODIESEL DUNIA

0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0

Indonesia US Brazil Germany France

Series1 7.90 6.50 5.90 3.80 3.00

mi

liar

li

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Urban

Poverty

(-)

Economic Growth (+)

Rural

Poverty

(-)

National

Poverty

(-)

Harga CPO Domestik (+) Industri Growth (+)

Konsumsi

CPO (+)

Produksi

CPO (+)

Unem

ployment

(-)

BIODIESEL

GROWTH

DAMPAK PENINGKATAN BIODIESEL INDONESIA

Susila dan Munadi, 2008

Singagerda, et. al 2018

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5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 p er sen 0 0 0 K L

Konsumsi Diesel Fosil Konsumsi Biodiesel

Persentase ketergantungan impor Diesel fosil

Sumber : Kementerian ESDM, diolah

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 USD M ili ar

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Sumber : BPS, data diolah

Bulan Net Ekspor Migas

Tanpa B-30 Dengan B-30 Jan (1,654) (1,171) Feb (1,310) (943) Mar (1,242) (953) Apr (482) (290) Mei (279) (97) Jun (303) (108) Jul (543) (279) Agu (645) (351) Sep (773) (505) Okt (713) (465) Nov (568) (323) Des (717) (463) Jumlah (9,228) (5,548) Juta USD'

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45 40 58 62 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Rapeseed Biodiesel Soybean Biodiesel Sunflower Biodiesel Palm Oil Biodiesel (methane capture) Waste Cooking Oil/Vegetable Oil 88 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 P e rsen P e n gh e m at an E m isi

Hasil Riset Internasional :

Penghematan Emisi Biodiesel Sawit Mengganti solar fosil dengan biodiesel sawit

menurunkan Emisi 62%

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5,000.00 10,000.00 15,000.00 20,000.00 25,000.00 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Pemanfaatan Biodiesel 592.28 952.81 1,776.50 2,782.91 4,898.42 2,430.96 7,988.86 6,828.68 9,958.12 16,985.33 22,307.10 P eng he ma ta n emi si (r ibu t onC O 2e q)

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2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Gasoline Impor 10,414 12,712 15,603 17,870 18,668 19,512 18,571 16,802 17,615 18,801 19,188 Diesel Impor 8,513 10,644 13,573 12,455 11,953 11,482 7,048 4,892 6,941 6,546 3,900 Avtur Impor 172 577 816 708 948 981 1,153 1,119 1,786 1,518 280 Konsumsi Gasoline 21,366 23,175 25,687 28,427 29,632 30,040 30,691 31,986 33,175 34,170 35,330 Konsumsi Diesel 21,366 23,175 33,458 34,222 34,071 32,706 29,211 27,494 29,263 30,994 29,233 Konsumsi Avtur 2,761 3,527 3,562 3,899 4,159 4,229 4,229 4,875 5,371 5,718 5,030 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 0 0 0 kl

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POTENSI GREEN/BIO FUEL SAWIT

CPO / PKO

(Crude Palm Oil/Palm Kernel

Oil)

IPO (Industrial Palm Oil)

IPKO

(Industrial Palm Kernel Oil)

Biodiesel/ FAME Bensin Nabati RON > 110 Diesel Nabati CN > 80 Avtur Nabati TB < 65C HDO + ISO Transesterifikasi Green LPG Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit

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